US4859945A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Optimized signal to noise ratio
Assignee: General Electric Co
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Filing: 1988-05-03
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Granted: 1989-08-22
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Expires: 2008-05-03
Abstract
Abstract Method and apparatus for improving the signal-to-noise ratio in magnetic resonance imaging systems using echo acquisition modes. The bandwidth of the received signals are reduced along with the amplitude of the view gradient and the sampling time. Since the signal-to-noise ratio is proportional to one over the square root of the bandwidth, this results in an increased signal-to-noise ratio. 7
Inventors
- 👤 Saul Stokar
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 14:48
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01R; G01R33/00; G01R33/20; G01R33/44; G01R33/48; G01R33/54; G01R33/56; G01R33/565; G01R33/56545
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
128 words
A method of optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of magnetic resonance images (MRI) in echo acquisition scan sequences providing echoes at times (TE) after application of a first radio frequency (RF) pulse, said method comprising the steps of: using said echo acquisition sequence to generate echo signals, detecting a first echo signal during the application of an initial view gradient, sampling the detected echo signal at a sampling rate determining a sampling time, filtering the sampled signal through a receiving filter having a variable bandwidth, providing a subsequent view gradient of decreased amplitude compared to said initial view gradient during the detection of subsequent echo signals, and decreasing the bandwidth of the receiving filter responsive to the reduction of the subsequent view gradient amplitude to improve the SNR.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
128 words
A method of optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of magnetic resonance images (MRI) in echo acquisition scan sequences providing echoes at times (TE) after application of a first radio frequency (RF) pulse, said method comprising the steps of: using said echo acquisition sequence to generate echo signals, detecting a first echo signal during the application of an initial view gradient, sampling the detected echo signal at a sampling rate determining a sampling time, filtering the sampled signal through a receiving filter having a variable bandwidth, providing a subsequent view gradient of decreased amplitude compared to said initial view gradient during the detection of subsequent echo signals, and decreasing the bandwidth of the receiving filter responsive to the reduction of the subsequent view gradient amplitude to improve the SNR.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
61 words
The method of claim 1 including the step of: determining to increase TE times beyond a minimum time where the minimum time is equal to the least amount of time necessary to apply slice select dephasing and rephasing pulses, an encoding gradient pulse and a second RF pulse after application of a first RF pulse in the echo acquisition scan sequence.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
80 words
The method of claim 1 including the step of increasing the TE time for echoes subsequent to the first echo received, said step of increasing the TE time including the step of reducing the amplitude of the view gradient during the detection of the subsequent echo signals, and simultaneously decreasing the bandwidth of the receiving filter responsive to the reduction of the view gradient amplitude to thereby maintain a field of view and to acquire images having improved signal-to-noise ratio.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 3 including the step of increasing the sampling time of the signals received using the subsequent view gradient of reduced amplitude.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the reduction of the amplitude of the subsequent view gradient is limited to prevent truncation artifacts.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the subsequent view gradient is maintained larger than the field inhomogeneity.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the subsequent view gradient is maintained at an amplitude to assure that the size of each pixel is larger than the chemical shift.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
212 words
A system for optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of magnetic resonance images (MRI) in echo acquisition scan sequences providing echoes at times-to-echo (TE) after application of a first radio frequency (RF) pulse, while increasing the time-to-echo TE between the application of said first RF pulse and a rephasing RF pulse that causes the echo to occur at a time beyond a minimum time where the minimum time is governed by the least amount of the necessary to apply slice select gradient pulses, an encoding gradient pulse and a first rephasing RF pulse after the application of the first RF pulse, said system comprising: means for acquiring MRI data using said echo acquisition sequence for generating echo signals, means for detecting said first echo signal during the application of an initial view gradient, means for receiving the detected signals, receiving filter means for filtering the received signals, said receiving filter means having a variable bandwidth, means for providing a subsequent view gradient pulse of decreased amplitude relative to said initial view gradient pulse during the detection of subsequent echo signals whereby TE is larger than the minimal, and means for decreasing the bandwidth of the receiving filter means responsive to the reduction of the subsequent view gradient pulse amplitude to improve the SNR.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
212 words
A system for optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of magnetic resonance images (MRI) in echo acquisition scan sequences providing echoes at times-to-echo (TE) after application of a first radio frequency (RF) pulse, while increasing the time-to-echo TE between the application of said first RF pulse and a rephasing RF pulse that causes the echo to occur at a time beyond a minimum time where the minimum time is governed by the least amount of the necessary to apply slice select gradient pulses, an encoding gradient pulse and a first rephasing RF pulse after the application of the first RF pulse, said system comprising: means for acquiring MRI data using said echo acquisition sequence for generating echo signals, means for detecting said first echo signal during the application of an initial view gradient, means for receiving the detected signals, receiving filter means for filtering the received signals, said receiving filter means having a variable bandwidth, means for providing a subsequent view gradient pulse of decreased amplitude relative to said initial view gradient pulse during the detection of subsequent echo signals whereby TE is larger than the minimal, and means for decreasing the bandwidth of the receiving filter means responsive to the reduction of the subsequent view gradient pulse amplitude to improve the SNR.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
43 words
The system of claim 8 including the means for increasing the TE time for echoes subsequent to the initial echo received, said means for providing the subsequent view gradient of reduced amplitude is operative only during the detection of the subsequent echo signals.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The system of claim 8 including means for increasing the sampling time of the signals received using the subsequent view gradient of reduced amplitude.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The system of claim 8 wherein the reduction of the amplitude of the subsequent view gradient is limited to prevent truncation artifacts.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 8 wherein the subsequent view gradient is maintained larger than the field inhomogeneity.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
The system of claim 8 wherein the subsequent view gradient is maintained at an amplitude to assure that the size of each pixel is larger than the chemical shift.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-08-21 | 1993-02-20 | 1993-08-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-08-21 | 1997-02-20 | 1997-08-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-08-21 | 2001-02-20 | 2001-08-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |