US4846095A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Critical temperature indicating device
Assignee: 3M Co
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Filing: 1987-10-02
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Granted: 1989-07-11
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Expires: 2007-10-02
Abstract
Abstract Device for indicating a critical temperature, such as, for example, the freezing point of a liquid. The device comprises a sheet which is a layer having a multiplicity of micropores therein and a mixture comprising at least two liquids, said mixture incapable of wetting said sheet at a given temperature, but capable of wetting said sheet when the temperature of said mixture reaches a critical value, such as the freezing point of one of the liquids in the mixture. The micropores, or voids, in the microporous layer cause scattering of transmitted light, causing the microporous layer to appear opaque. When the voids are filled with a liquid having substantially the same index of refraction as the material of the microporous layer, the filled voids do not scatter transmitted light, thus rendering the microporous layer transmissive to visible light. A visible indicator is associated with the layer of microporous film such that at a temperature above the freezing point of the liquid composition, the visible indicator is masked by the layer of microporous film, but at a temperature at or below the freezing point of the liquid composition, the liquid wets out the layer of microporous film, thereby allowing the visible indicator to be seen through the layer of microporous film.
Inventors
- 👤 Jeffrey O. Emslander
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 21:15
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01K; G01K11/00; G01K11/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
164 words
A device for indicating the freezing point of a liquid comprising: a. a layer of film having a multiplicity of micropores therein, b. a barrier layer sealed to said layer of microporous film at the periphery thereof to form a receptacle between said barrier layer and said layer of microporous film, c. a liquid composition disposed in said receptacle, said composition comprising at least two liquids, one of said liquids having a surface energy sufficiently low that it is capable of wetting out the micropores of said microporous layer, the other of said liquids having a surface energy insufficiently low that it is incapable of wetting out the micropores of said microporous layer, whereby above the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, the mixture will not wet out the micropores of said microporous layer, but at or below the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, the mixture will wet out the micropores of said microporous layer.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
164 words
A device for indicating the freezing point of a liquid comprising: a. a layer of film having a multiplicity of micropores therein, b. a barrier layer sealed to said layer of microporous film at the periphery thereof to form a receptacle between said barrier layer and said layer of microporous film, c. a liquid composition disposed in said receptacle, said composition comprising at least two liquids, one of said liquids having a surface energy sufficiently low that it is capable of wetting out the micropores of said microporous layer, the other of said liquids having a surface energy insufficiently low that it is incapable of wetting out the micropores of said microporous layer, whereby above the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, the mixture will not wet out the micropores of said microporous layer, but at or below the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, the mixture will wet out the micropores of said microporous layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
Device according to claim 1 further including a vapor-impermeable backing adhered to said layer of microporous film.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
64 words
Device according to claim 1 further including a visible indicator associated with said layer of microporous film, said visible indicator being masked by said layer of microporous film at a temperature above the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, said visible indicator capable of being seen at or below the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
Device according to claim 3 wherein said visible indicator is a printed layer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
Device according to claim 1 wherein said liquid composition comprises n-butanol and water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
Device according to claim 1 wherein said liquid composition comprises methyl ethyl ketone and water.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
Device according to claim 1 wherein said freezing point ranges from about 26° F. to about 28° F.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
Device according to claim 1 wherein said barrier layer is a vapor-impermeable film.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
Device according to claim 1 wherein said liquid composition is disposed in a rupturable container disposed within said receptacle.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
Device according to claim 1 wherein said liquid composition further includes a seeding agent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
Device according to claim 1 wherein said liquid composition further includes a salt.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
144 words
A device for indicating the freezing point of a liquid comprising: a. a layer of film have a multiplicity of microporous therein, b. a vial enclosing said layer of microporous film, c. a liquid composition disposed in said vial, said composition comprising at least two liquids, one of said liquids having a surface energy sufficiently low that it is capable of wetting out the micropores of said microporous layer, the other of said liquids having a surface energy insufficiently low that it is incapable of wetting out the micropores of said microporous layer, whereby above the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, the mixture will not wet out the micropores of said microporous layer, but at or below the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, the mixture will wet out the micropores of said microporous layer.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
144 words
A device for indicating the freezing point of a liquid comprising: a. a layer of film have a multiplicity of microporous therein, b. a vial enclosing said layer of microporous film, c. a liquid composition disposed in said vial, said composition comprising at least two liquids, one of said liquids having a surface energy sufficiently low that it is capable of wetting out the micropores of said microporous layer, the other of said liquids having a surface energy insufficiently low that it is incapable of wetting out the micropores of said microporous layer, whereby above the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, the mixture will not wet out the micropores of said microporous layer, but at or below the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, the mixture will wet out the micropores of said microporous layer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
Device according to claim 12 further including a backing adhered to said layer of microporous film.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
Device according to claim 12 wherein said liquid composition comprises n-butanol and water.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
Device according to claim 12 wherein said liquid composition comprises methyl ethyl ketone and water.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
Device according to claim 12 wherein said freezing point ranges from about 26° F. to about 28° F.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
64 words
Device according to claim 12 further including a visible indicator associated with said layer of microporous film, said visible indicator being masked by said layer of microporous film at a temperature above the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy, said visible indicator capable of being seen at or below the freezing point of said liquid having insufficiently low surface energy.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
Device according to claim 12 wherein said liquid composition is disposed in a rupturable container disposed within said vial.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
Device according to claim 2 wherein said liquid composition further includes a seeding agent.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
Device according to claim 12 wherein said liquid composition further includes a salt.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-07-10 | 1993-01-09 | 1993-07-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-07-10 | 1997-01-09 | 1997-07-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-07-10 | 2001-01-09 | 2001-07-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |