US4840676A — Insoluble pigments and preparation thereof

Claim 1

Independent Claim 124 words

A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water insoluble inorganic anion exchange material with a layered structure and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula [M.sup.+2 Q.sup.+3 (OH).sub.5-x ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-1).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g. nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 3; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; and n, x, d, e, f and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 0<x≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x 0≦n≦10.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 124 words

A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water insoluble inorganic anion exchange material with a layered structure and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula [M.sup.+2 Q.sup.+3 (OH).sub.5-x ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-1).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g. nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 3; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; and n, x, d, e, f and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 0<x≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x 0≦n≦10.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 9 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein M is magnesium.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 9 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein Q is aluminum.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 13 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein M is magnesium and Q is aluminum.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 9 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein x is 1.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 79 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of halides, hydroxides, nitrates, phosphates, hydrogen carbonates, hydrogen sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -2 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -3 is one or more anions consisting of phosphates; and A -4 is one of more anions selected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diphosphates, and mixtures thereof.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 30 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is selected from the group consisting essentially of chlorides, bromides, iodides, fluorides and mixtures thereof and e, f, and g are 0.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 19 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -2 is CO 3 -2 and d, f, and g are 0.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 24 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is Cl -1 , A -2 is CO 3 2 and f and g are 0.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 25 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is a mixture of Cl -1 and HCO 3 -1 and e, f, and g are 0.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 31 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is a mixture of Cl -1 and HCO 3 -1 , A -2 is CO 3 -2 and f and g are 0.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 17 words

The pigment of claim 4 wherein the anion exchange material is [MgAl(OH) 4 ]Cl. nH 2 O.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 12 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein the dye is an anionic dye.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 12 words

The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a sulfonated dye.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 12 words

The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a FD&C dye.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 12 words

The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a D&C dye.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 38 words

The pigment of claim 15 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of FD&C Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Green No. 3, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 6 and mixtures thereof.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 29 words

The pigment of claim 16 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of D&C Green No. 8, Yellow No. 7, Yellow No. 10 and mixtures thereof.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 13 words

The pigment of claim 17 wherein the dye is FD&C Green No. 3.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 13 words

The pigment of claim 18 wherein the dye is D&C Green No. 8.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 8 words

A soap containing the pigment of claim 1.

Claim 23

Independent Claim 124 words

A method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising contacting together an anion exchange material having a layered structure, and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sup.+2 Q.sup.+3 (OH).sub.5-x ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g ·nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 3; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 and A -4 are each one or more exchangable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively; and n, x, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: < x≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x 0≦n≦10.

Claim 24

Independent Claim 124 words

A method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising contacting together an anion exchange material having a layered structure, and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sup.+2 Q.sup.+3 (OH).sub.5-x ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g ·nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 3; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 and A -4 are each one or more exchangable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively; and n, x, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: < x≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x 0≦n≦10.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 13 words

The method of claim 22 wherein M is magnesium and Q is aluminum.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 79 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of halides, hydroxides, nitrates, phosphates, hydrogen carbonates, hydrogen sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -2 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -3 is one or more anions consisting of phosphates; and A -4 is one of more anions selected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diphosphates, and mixtures thereof.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 30 words

The method of claim 22 wherein A -1 is selected from the group consisting essentially of chlorides, bromides, iodides, fluorides and mixtures thereof and e, f, and g are 0.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 21 words

The method of claim 22 wherein the anion exchange material with a layered structure is [MgAl(OH) 4 ]Cl. nH 2 O.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 12 words

The method of claim 22 wherein the dye is an anionic dye.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 12 words

The method of claim 27 wherein the dye is a sulfonated dye.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 12 words

The method of claim 27 wherein the dye is a FD&C dye.

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 12 words

The method of claim 27 wherein the dye is a D&C dye.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 38 words

The method of claim 29 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of FD&C Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Green No. 3, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 6 and mixtures thereof.

Claim 34

Dependent Claim 29 words

The method of claim 30 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of D&C Green No. 8, Yellow No. 7, Yellow No. 10, and mixtures thereof.

Claim 35

Dependent Claim 13 words

The method of claim 31 wherein the dye is FD&C Green No. 3.

Claim 36

Dependent Claim 12 words

The method of claim 32 wherein the dye is Green No. 8.

Claim 37

Dependent Claim 20 words

The method of claim 22 wherein the anion exchange material and water-soluble dye are contacted together in an aqueous medium.

Claim 38

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of claim 22 wherein the anion exchange material and the water-soluble dye are each separately placed in an aqueous medium prior to contacting together.

Claim 39

Dependent Claim 9 words

A thermoplastic resin containing the pigment of claim 1.

Claim 40

Dependent Claim 9 words

A thermoset resin containing the pigment of claim 1.

Claim 41

Dependent Claim 13 words

The pigment of claim 1 wherein the complex also comprises a water-soluble polymer.

Claim 42

Dependent Claim 14 words

The pigment of claim 39 wherein said water-soluble polymer is a modified suspending agent.

Claim 43

Dependent Claim 13 words

The pigment of claim 40 wherein said modified suspending agent is a cellulose.

Claim 44

Dependent Claim 12 words

The method of claim 22 wherein a water-soluble polymer is further contacted.

Claim 45

Dependent Claim 9 words

A pigment produced by the method of claim 42.

Claim 46

Dependent Claim 9 words

A pigment produced by the method of claim 23.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1992-06-19	1992-12-19	1993-06-20	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1996-06-19	1996-12-19	1997-06-20	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2000-06-19	2000-12-19	2001-06-20	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Insoluble pigments and preparation thereof

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