US4822388A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of operating mineral wool cupolas and using spent electrolytic aluminum pot lining
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1988-02-24
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Granted: 1989-04-18
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Expires: 2008-02-24
Abstract
Abstract The operation of mineral wool cupolas is improved in several respects and a waste material is efficiently disposed of by using spent pot lining from electrolytic aluminum reduction vessels in the mineral wool cupolas as a partial or complete replacement for coke. The spent pot lining is impregnated with a cryolytic type slag material which aids in both reducing the reactivity of an already unreactive graphitic material such that it burns low in the cupola with desirable thermal results and also prevents the formation of siliceous build-up in the cupola hearth areas. Several variations of cryolytic impregnated carbonaceous materials having the desirable effect of the invention are possible and described.
Inventors
- 👤 Kenneth H. Gee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 15:38
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L5/00; C10L5/40; C03; C03B; C03B5/00; C03B5/12; C03C; C03C1/00; C03C1/002; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E50/00; Y02E50/30; Y02P; Y02P40/00; Y02P40/50; Y02P40/57
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
A method of operating a mineral wool cupola comprising charging to such cupola up to approximately 80% of the amount of carbonaceous fuel charged to said cupola along with meltables, of a relatively dense solid carbonaceous particulate material having a relatively low ignitability and low solution loss compared to the usual fuel as the result of at least a partial coating on some of the particulates and an impregnation in pores within substantially all of said carbonaceous particulates of a cryolytic material.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
82 words
A method of operating a mineral wool cupola comprising charging to such cupola up to approximately 80% of the amount of carbonaceous fuel charged to said cupola along with meltables, of a relatively dense solid carbonaceous particulate material having a relatively low ignitability and low solution loss compared to the usual fuel as the result of at least a partial coating on some of the particulates and an impregnation in pores within substantially all of said carbonaceous particulates of a cryolytic material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method of operating a mineral wool cupola in accordance with claim 1 wherein the relatively dense solid carbonaceous particulate material is spent pot lining from an electrolytic aluminum reduction pot.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the amount of spent pot lining is up to 100% of the carbonaceous fuel charged to said cupola with special precautions to prevent dissolution of the hearth area when over 80% spent pot lining is used.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
42 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the spent pot lining is sized in the form of substantially one-half inch (1.27 cm) to six inch (15.54 cm) particulates having a dense structure with substantially all pores filled with a cryolitic material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the spent pot lining is sized in the form of substantially 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 5 inch (12.7 cm) particulates.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 4 wherein the bulk of the spent pot lining is sized in the form of 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 5 inch (12.7 cm) particulates.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
51 words
A method of inhibiting the formation of siliceous build-up in a mineral wool cupola comprising charging to said cupola an effective amount of a porous carrier substance carrying a cryolitic slag composition containing fluorides adapted to be released from the pores of the carrier in the combustion zone of the furnace.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
51 words
A method of inhibiting the formation of siliceous build-up in a mineral wool cupola comprising charging to said cupola an effective amount of a porous carrier substance carrying a cryolitic slag composition containing fluorides adapted to be released from the pores of the carrier in the combustion zone of the furnace.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method in accordance with claim 7 wherein the carrier substance includes portions of spent pot lining from electrolytic aluminum reduction vessels.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 7 wherein the carrier substance is substantially all spent pot lining.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 in which the spent pot lining is charged up to approximately eighty percent of the carbon in the fuels used in the cupola based upon the carbon values of both the coke and the spent pot lining.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 10 wherein the spent pot lining is sized in the form of substantially one-half inch (1.27 cm) to six inch (15.54 cm) particulates.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 10 wherein the spent pot lining is sized in the form of substantially 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 5 inch (12.7 cm) particulates.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 10 wherein the spent pot lining is sized in the form of substantially 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 4 inch (10.16 cm) particulates.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the bulk of the pot lining added is sized in the form of 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 4 inch (10.16 cm) particulates.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the bulk of the pot lining is sized in the form of 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 5 inch (12.7 cm) particulates.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
94 words
A solid fuel addition for a mineral wool cupola comprising carbonaceous components and a fluoride component in the form of a cryolitic slag, said fuel addition having a low ignitability and adapted for release of said fluorides low in the cupola upon combustion of said solid fuel in the combustion zone adjacent any siliceous buildup in the cupola, pores in the carbonaceous material being filled with said cryolitic material said fuel addition being comprised of a plurality of particulates within a size range of one half inch (1.27 cm) to six inch (15.54 cm).
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
94 words
A solid fuel addition for a mineral wool cupola comprising carbonaceous components and a fluoride component in the form of a cryolitic slag, said fuel addition having a low ignitability and adapted for release of said fluorides low in the cupola upon combustion of said solid fuel in the combustion zone adjacent any siliceous buildup in the cupola, pores in the carbonaceous material being filled with said cryolitic material said fuel addition being comprised of a plurality of particulates within a size range of one half inch (1.27 cm) to six inch (15.54 cm).
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
37 words
A solid fuel addition for mineral wool; cupolas in accordance with claim 16 wherein the fuel charge includes particles of spent pot lining from electrolytic aluminum reduction vessels bound together in briquette form with a carbonaceous binder.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
A solid fuel addition for mineral wool cupolas in accordance with claim 16 wherein the fuel includes coke breeze and the like.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
A solid fuel addition for mineral wool cupolas in accordance with claim 15 wherein the fuel is comprised substantially of spent pot lining.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
34 words
A solid fuel for mineral wool cupolas in accordance with claim 19 wherein the spent pot lining is sized in the form of substantially 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 5 inch (12.7 cm) particulates.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
37 words
A solid fuel for mineral wool cupolas in accordance with claim 19 wherein the bulk of the spent pot lining is sized in the form of substantially 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 4 inch (10.16 cm) particulates.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of disposing of spent pot lining from electrolytic aluminum reduction vessels without detrimental environmental consequences said spent pot lining being comprised of a solid carbonaceous particulate material having relatively low ignitability and low solution loss as the result of at least a partial coating on some of the particulates and impregnation in the pores of substantially all of said carbonaceous particulates of a cryolytic material comprising using said spent pot lining as a solid fuel in mineral wool cupolas in an amount of up to 80% of the carbonaceous fuel charge.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of disposing of spent pot lining from electrolytic aluminum reduction vessels without detrimental environmental consequences said spent pot lining being comprised of a solid carbonaceous particulate material having relatively low ignitability and low solution loss as the result of at least a partial coating on some of the particulates and impregnation in the pores of substantially all of said carbonaceous particulates of a cryolytic material comprising using said spent pot lining as a solid fuel in mineral wool cupolas in an amount of up to 80% of the carbonaceous fuel charge.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 22 in which up to 100% of the carbonaceous fuel charge is spent pot lining.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method in accordance with claim 22 wherein the spent pot lining is broken up by mechanical means and sized in the form of one half inch (1.27 cm) to 6 inch (15.54 cm) particulates prior to being added to the mineral wool cupola.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method in accordance with claim 22 wherein the spent pot lining is sized in the form of 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 5 inch (12.7 cm) particulates prior to being added to the mineral wool cupolas.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method in accordance with claim 22 wherein the spent pot lining is sized in the form of 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 4 inch (10.16 cm) particulates prior to being added to mineral wool cupolas.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein the bulk of the spent pot lining is sized in the form of 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 4 inch (10.16 cm) particulates.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein the bulk of the spent pot lining is sized in the form of 2 inch (5.08 cm) to 5 inch (12.7 cm) particulates.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-04-17 | 1992-10-17 | 1993-04-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-04-17 | 1996-10-17 | 1997-04-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-04-17 | 2000-10-17 | 2001-04-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |