US4822382A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Composite membranes, their manufacture and their use
Assignee: Praxair Technology Inc
•
Filing: 1987-11-02
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Granted: 1989-04-18
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Expires: 2007-11-02
Abstract
Abstract The present invention is directed to composite membranes having a separation layer comprised of at least one poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalate resulting in enhanced separation and permeating characteristics. Processes for making these composite membranes and the methods of using them for gas separations are also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Joyce K. Nelson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 19:51
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D69/00; B01D69/12; B01D71/00; B01D71/06; B01D71/48; C; C08; C08G; C08G63/00; C08G63/02; C08G63/12; C08G63/16; C08G63/18; C08G63/19; C08G63/193; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2913; Y10T428/2933; Y10T428/2964; Y10T428/2967
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 51
Claim 1
Independent Claim
200 words
A method for separating a gas in a gaseous mixture from at least one other gas in said gaseous mixture by selective permeation and providing a permeated product containing at least one permeating gas, comprising: contacting the gaseous mixture with one surface of a composite membrane, which, with respect to at least one pair of gases of said gaseous mixture, the composite membrane exhibits selective permeation of one gas of said pair of gases over that of the remaining gas of said pair of gases, and which composite membrane comprises a porous support layer having substantially no separation characteristics with respect to said fluid mixture and a separation layer positioned on the support layer comprised of at least one or more poly(tetramethy ) bisphenol A phthalates; permeating said at least one permeating gas into and through the composite membrane; and removing from the vicinity of the opposite surface of the composite membrane a permeated product having a different proportion of said at least one gas of said gaseous mixture to said at least one other gas of said gaseous mixture than the proportion in the gaseous mixture of said at least one gas to said at least one other gas.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
200 words
A method for separating a gas in a gaseous mixture from at least one other gas in said gaseous mixture by selective permeation and providing a permeated product containing at least one permeating gas, comprising: contacting the gaseous mixture with one surface of a composite membrane, which, with respect to at least one pair of gases of said gaseous mixture, the composite membrane exhibits selective permeation of one gas of said pair of gases over that of the remaining gas of said pair of gases, and which composite membrane comprises a porous support layer having substantially no separation characteristics with respect to said fluid mixture and a separation layer positioned on the support layer comprised of at least one or more poly(tetramethy ) bisphenol A phthalates; permeating said at least one permeating gas into and through the composite membrane; and removing from the vicinity of the opposite surface of the composite membrane a permeated product having a different proportion of said at least one gas of said gaseous mixture to said at least one other gas of said gaseous mixture than the proportion in the gaseous mixture of said at least one gas to said at least one other gas.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the said at least one gas comprises hydrogen and the gas mixture comprises hydrogen and nitrogen.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the said at least one gas comprises hydrogen and the gas mixture comprises hydrogen and methane.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the said at least one gas comprises carbon dioxide and the gas mixture comprises carbon dioxide and methane.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the said at least one gas comprises nitrogen and the gas mixture comprises nitrogen and oxygen.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 20:80 to 80:20, by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 40:60 to 60:40, by weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 20:80 to 30:70, by weight.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the separating layer is less than about 0.4 microns.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the separating layer is from about 0.05 to about 0.2 microns.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the separating layer is about 500 angstroms.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the support layer comprises a polymeric material.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 12, wherein the support layer comprises at least one of polysulfone, polyolefins, polyphenylenesulfide, polyether ketone, polyamides and polyimides.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 12, wherein the support layer is polysulfone.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 12, wherein the substrate is an annealed polymeric material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the composite membrane is in hollow fiber form.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
66 words
A composite membrane capable of selectively permeating at least one more permeable component of a gaseous mixture comprising: (a) a porous support layer having substantially no separation characteristics with respect to said gaseous mixture; and (b) a separation layer positioned on the support layer comprised of at least one or more poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalate, said separation layer determining the separation characteristics of the composite membrane.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
66 words
A composite membrane capable of selectively permeating at least one more permeable component of a gaseous mixture comprising: (a) a porous support layer having substantially no separation characteristics with respect to said gaseous mixture; and (b) a separation layer positioned on the support layer comprised of at least one or more poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalate, said separation layer determining the separation characteristics of the composite membrane.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite membrane of claim 17, wherein the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalate is selected from the group consisting of poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A isophthalate, poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A terephthalate, poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite membrane of claim 18, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 20:80 to 80:20, by weight.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite membrane of claim 18, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 40:60 to 60:40, by weight.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite membrane of claim 18, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 20:80 to 30:70, by weight.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composite membrane of claim 17, wherein the thickness of the separation layer is less than about 0.4 microns.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite membrane of claim 17, wherein the thickness of the separating layer is from about 0.05 to about 0.2 microns.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composite membrane of claim 17, wherein the thickness of the separating layer is 500 angstroms.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite membrane of claim 17, wherein the support layer comprises a polymeric material.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composite membrane of claim 25, wherein the support layer comprises at least one of polysulfone, polyolefins, polyphenylenesulfide, polyether ketone, polyamides and polyimides.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite membrane of claim 25, wherein the substrate is an annealed polymeric material.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composite membrane of claim 17, wherein the support layer comprises polysulfone.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composite membrane of claim 17, wherein the composite membrane is in hollow fiber form.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
114 words
A process for the preparation of a composite membrane capable of selectively permeating at least one more readily permeable component of a gaseous mixture comprising: (a) providing a support layer; (b) providing a solution containing at least one or more poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalates and a solvent therefore, which solvent is a non-solvent for the support layer; (c) coating the support layer with the solution to provide a separation layer on the support layer; (d) drying said separation layer on the support layer to form the composite membrane wherein the separation layer determines the separation characteristics of the membrane and the support layer has substantially no separation characteristics with respect to said gaseous mixture.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
114 words
A process for the preparation of a composite membrane capable of selectively permeating at least one more readily permeable component of a gaseous mixture comprising: (a) providing a support layer; (b) providing a solution containing at least one or more poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalates and a solvent therefore, which solvent is a non-solvent for the support layer; (c) coating the support layer with the solution to provide a separation layer on the support layer; (d) drying said separation layer on the support layer to form the composite membrane wherein the separation layer determines the separation characteristics of the membrane and the support layer has substantially no separation characteristics with respect to said gaseous mixture.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the amount of phthalate in the solution is less than 5% by weight.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the amount of phthalate in the solution is less than 1% by weight.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the solvent for the solution is carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1 trichloroethane, 1,1,2 trichloroethane, or mixtures thereof, and the support layer is polysulfone.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 33, wherein the solution additionally contains a non-solvent for the at least one or more poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalates.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 34, wherein the non-solvent is selected from the group consisting of pentane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, cycloheptane, cycloheptene, octane, fluorinated hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the thickness of the separation layer is less than about 0.4 microns.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the thickness of the separation layer is from about 0.05 to about 0.2 microns.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the thickness of the separation layer is 500 angstroms.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the support layer comprises a polymeric material.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 39, wherein the support layer comprises at least one of polysulfone, polyolefins, polyphenylenesulfide, polyether ketone, polyamides and polyimides.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 39, wherein the substrate is an annealed polymeric material.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the support layer comprises polysulfone.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process of claim 30, wherein the composite membrane is in hollow fiber form.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 20:80 to 80:20, by weight.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 40:60 to 60:40, by weight.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the ratio of isophthalate to terephthalate in the poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A iso/terephthalate is in the range of from about 20:80 to 30:70, by weight.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 30, wherein the solution containing the at least one or more poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalates and a solvent therefore additionally contains a non-solvent for the at least one or more poly(tetramethyl) bisphenol A phthalates.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 47, wherein the non-solvent is selected from the group consisting of pentane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, cycloheptane, cycloheptene, octane, fluorinated hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-04-17 | 1992-10-17 | 1993-04-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-04-17 | 1996-10-17 | 1997-04-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-04-17 | 2000-10-17 | 2001-04-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |