Sphygmomanometer

Claim 2

A non-invasive manometer comprising: pressure means attached to an appendage for applying a pressure thereto; pressure changing means for changing the pressure applied to said appendage; optical means for sensing a change in a blood vessel of the appendage due to the applied pressure of the pressure means and internal pressure of the blood vessel caused by beating of a heart, the optical means including a light emitting unit and a photosensitive unit, the units including at least first and second pairs of light emitting elements and photosensitive elements; shielding means for shielding the optical means from light external to the optical means; clock means for operating the light emitting and photosensitive units alternately in a time-divisional manner; said first pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element being disposed on said appendage closer to said heart than said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, which is disposed on a peripheral side, for determining a systolic blood pressure; and comparison means for comprising outputs from two or more pairs of elements of the optical means, which are disposed closer to said heart and disposed on the peripheral side, to determine a diastolic pressure when said outputs coincide.

Claim 3

A non-invasive manometer comprising: pressure means attached to an appendage for applying a pressure thereto; pressure changing means for changing the pressure applied to said appendage; optical means for sensing a change in a blood vessel of the appendage due to the applied pressure from the pressure means and internal pressure of the blood vessel caused by beatings of a heart, the optical means including a light emitting unit and a photosensitive unit, the units including at least first and second pairs of light emitting elements and photosensitive elements; shielding means for shielding the optical means from light external to the optical means; clock means for operating the light emitting and photosensitive units alternately in a time-divisional manner; phase means for providing a phase in which all emissions of light, from said light emitting unit, stop; storage means for storing the signal received during the phase when all light emissions stop; subtraction means for subtracting the stored signal from a signal obtain during light emission; said first pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element being disposed on said appendage closer to said heart than said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, which is disposed on a peripheral side, for determining a systolic blood pressure; and comparison means for comparing outputs from two or more pairs of elements of the optical means, which are disposed closer to the heart and disposed on the peripheral side, to determine a diastolic pressure when said outputs coincide.

Claim 4

A non-invasive manometer comprising: pressure means attached to an appendage for applying a pressure thereto; pressure changing means for changing the pressure applied to said appendage; optical means for sensing a change in a blood vessel of the appendage due to the applied pressure from the pressure means and internal pressure of the blood vessel caused by beatings of a heart, the optical means including a light emitting unit and a photosensitive unit, the units including at least first and second pairs of light emitting elements and photosensitive elements; shielding means for shielding the optical means from light external to the optical means; clock means for operating the light emitting and photosensitive units alternately in a time-divisional manner; phase means for providing a phase in which all emissions of light, from said light emitting unit, stop; storage means for storing the signal received during the phase when all light emissions stop; subtraction means for subtracting the stored signal from a signal obtain during light emission; said first pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element being disposed on said appendage closer to said heart than said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, which is disposed on a peripheral side, for determining a systolic blood pressure; and comparison means for comparing outputs from two or more pairs of elements of the optical means, which are disposed closer to the heart and disposed on the peripheral side, to determine a diastolic pressure when said outputs coincide.

Claim 5

A non-invasive manometer comprising: pressure means for attachment to an appendage for applying a pressure thereto; pressure changing means for changing the pressure applied to said appendage; optical means for sensing a change in a blood vessel of the appendage due to the applied pressure from the pressure means and internal pressure of the blood vessel caused by beating of a heart, the optical means including a light emitting unit and a photosensitive unit, the unit including at least first and second pairs of light emitting elements and photosensitive elements; said first pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element being disposed on the appendage closer to the heart than said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, which are disposed on a peripheral side, for determining a systolic blood pressure; comparison means for comparing outputs from two or more pairs of elements of the optical means, which are disposed closer to said heart and disposed on the peripheral side, to determine a diastolic pressure when said outputs coincide; a variable gain amplifier for applying one or more signals from the elements of the optical means; stopping means for stopping application of a pressure at a value lower than an average diastolic blood pressure at a beginning of pressurization and depressurization process; and means for maintaining the pressure value substantially constant while controlling gain of the variable-gain amplifier so that the outputs from the two or more elements of the optical means are equalized in order to measure the diastolic blood pressure.

Claim 6

A non-invasive manometer comprising: pressure means for attachment to an appendage for applying a pressure thereto; pressure changing means for changing the pressure applied to said appendage; optical means for sensing a change in a blood vessel of the appendage due to the applied pressure from the pressure means and internal pressure of the blood vessel caused by beating of a heart, the optical means including a light emitting unit and a photosensitive unit, the unit including at least first and second pairs of light emitting elements and photosensitive elements; said first pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element being disposed on the appendage closer to the heart than said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, said second pair of light emitting element and photosensitive element, which are disposed on a peripheral side, for determining a systolic blood pressure; comparison means for comparing outputs from two or more pairs of elements of the optical means, which are disposed closer to said heart and disposed on the peripheral side, to determine a diastolic pressure when said outputs coincide; a variable gain amplifier for applying one or more signals from the elements of the optical means; stopping means for stopping application of a pressure at a value lower than an average diastolic blood pressure at a beginning of pressurization and depressurization process; and means for maintaining the pressure value substantially constant while controlling gain of the variable-gain amplifier so that the outputs from the two or more elements of the optical means are equalized in order to measure the diastolic blood pressure.

Claim 7

A non-invasive manometer comprising: pressure means for attachment to an appendage for applying a pressure thereto; pressure changing means for changing the pressure applied to said appendage; optical means for sensing a change in a blood vessel of the appendage due to the applied pressure and internal pressure of the blood vessel, the optical means including a light emitting unit and a photosensitive unit; clock means for operating the optical means in a time-divisional manner; phase means for providing a phase in which the light emitting unit stops emission; storage means for storing output from the photosensitive unit during a phase when the light emitting unit does not emit light; and means for obtaining a difference between an output signal from the photosensitive unit and a stored signal to eliminate influence of light which is external to the optical means.

Claim 8

A non-invasive manometer comprising: pressure means for attachment to an appendage for applying a pressure thereto; pressure changing means for changing the pressure applied to said appendage; optical means for sensing a change in a blood vessel of the appendage due to the applied pressure and internal pressure of the blood vessel, the optical means including a light emitting unit and a photosensitive unit; clock means for operating the optical means in a time-divisional manner; phase means for providing a phase in which the light emitting unit stops emission; storage means for storing output from the photosensitive unit during a phase when the light emitting unit does not emit light; and means for obtaining a difference between an output signal from the photosensitive unit and a stored signal to eliminate influence of light which is external to the optical means.