US4814082A
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US
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Ultrafiltration thin film membranes
Assignee: Pall Filtration and Separations Group Inc
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Filing: 1986-10-20
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Granted: 1989-03-21
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Expires: 2006-10-20
Abstract
Abstract Mono-layer thin film membranes are provided which are ultraporous. Such mono-layers are formed having a thickness on the order of about 1.2 to 150 nanometers, by a variety of polymerization, cross-linking, and film treatment processes to achieve the development of controlled pore sizes in the ultraporous size range corresponding to a molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000. Such thin film mono-layer membranes are ordinarily supported on a microporous support material, desirably a microporous polymer membrane having a smooth, microporous skin with pore sizes in the range of from about 0.1 microns to about 3 microns, preferably from about 0.1 microns to about 0.5 microns, in diameter. There may be an intermediate gel layer. These membranes are useful for ultrafiltration, dialysis, and molecular separations.
Inventors
- 👤 Wolfgang J. Wrasidlo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 12:02
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D69/00; B01D69/12; B01D69/125; B01D67/00; B01D67/0081; B01D67/0093; B01D69/02; B01D69/122; B01D69/1251; B01D2323/00; B01D2323/30
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 66
Claim 1
Independent Claim
50 words
An ultraporous membrane comprising a cross-linked polymeric thin film having a thickness of a monomolecular layer of the said polymer and a limiting pore size corresponding to a molecular weight cutoff value in the range of from about 500 to about 1,000,000 and a microporous support for said thin film.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
50 words
An ultraporous membrane comprising a cross-linked polymeric thin film having a thickness of a monomolecular layer of the said polymer and a limiting pore size corresponding to a molecular weight cutoff value in the range of from about 500 to about 1,000,000 and a microporous support for said thin film.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 1 wherein said thin film is adhered to said microporous support.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
40 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 2 wherein said microporous membrane support is formed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyvinyl chlorides, chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyurethanes and polyureas, polysilicones, and cellulose derivatives.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 3 wherein said microporous membrane support is formed of polysulfone.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 1 wherein said microporous support is an integral, skinned polymeric microporous membrane support.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 1 wherein said thin film is cross linked to said microporous support.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
65 words
An ultraporous membrane comprising: A. a cross-linked polymeric thin film having a thickness of a monomolecular layer of the polymer and a limiting pore size corresponding to molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000; B. an intermediate crosslinked polymer gel support for said thin film, having a permeability greater than said thin film; and C. a microporous support for said gel.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
65 words
An ultraporous membrane comprising: A. a cross-linked polymeric thin film having a thickness of a monomolecular layer of the polymer and a limiting pore size corresponding to molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000; B. an intermediate crosslinked polymer gel support for said thin film, having a permeability greater than said thin film; and C. a microporous support for said gel.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 7 wherein said thin film is adhered to said gel.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 8 wherein said thin film is cross linked to said gel.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
56 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 7 wherein said gel is a cross linked polymer selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyvinyl chlorides, chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyurethanes and polyureas, polysilicones, cellulose derivatives, gellable hydrophylic polymers and copolymers of carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and amine group containing monomers, alginic acid, and guar gum.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 7 wherein said gel is cross linked to an extent less than said thin film.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 7 wherein said gel is a hydrogel.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
40 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 12 wherein said hydrogel is a partially cross linked polymer selected from the group consisting of gellable hydrophylic polymers and copolymers of carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and amine group containing monomers, alginic acid, and guar gum.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 7 wherein said microporous support is an integral skinned polymeric microporous membrane support.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
39 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 14 wherein said microporous membrane support is formed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyvinyl chlorides, chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyurethanes and polyureas, polysilicones, cellulose derivatives.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 14 wherein said microporous membrane support is formed of polysulfone.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
57 words
A composite ultraporous membrane comprising, in combination, a cross linked polymeric thin film active layer having a thickness of from about 1.2 to about 150 nanometers and a limiting pore size corresponding to molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000; and an adherant integral, skinned polymeric microporous membrane support for said thin film.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
57 words
A composite ultraporous membrane comprising, in combination, a cross linked polymeric thin film active layer having a thickness of from about 1.2 to about 150 nanometers and a limiting pore size corresponding to molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000; and an adherant integral, skinned polymeric microporous membrane support for said thin film.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 17 wherein said thin film has a thickness of from about 1.2 nanometers to about 20 nanometers.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 17 wherein said thin film is a cross linked polymer selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, polysilicones, polyamides, polyacrylics, and polyimines.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 17 wherein said cross-linked polymer is a multifunctional isocyanate cross linked polyimine.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 20 wherein said polyimine is polyethyleneimine.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 20 wherein said multifunctional isocyanate is a diisocyante.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 22 wherein said diisocyanate is toluene diisocyanate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 21 wherein said cross linked polymer is a polyamide.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
21 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 24 wherein said polyamide is a reaction product of a polyimine and a multifunctional acyl compound.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 25 wherein said polyimine is polyethylene imine.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 25 wherein said multifunctional acyl compound is an aromatic diacyl or triacyl halide.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 27 wnerein said aromatic acyl halide is a phthaloyl dichloride.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 28 wherein said phthaloyl is isophthaloyl dichloride.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 29 wherein said microporous membrane support is formed of polysulfone.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
39 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 17 wherein said microporous membrane support is formed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyvinyl chlorides, chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyurethanes and polyureas, polysilicones, cellulose derivatives.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 17 wherein said thin film is cross linked to said microporous support.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
35 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 17 further comprising a support, wherein said support comprises an intermediate cross linked polymer gel having a permeability greater than said thin film and a microporous support for said gel.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 33 wherein said thin film is adhered to said gel.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
16 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 34 wherein said thin film is cross linked to said gel.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
60 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 33 wherein said gel is a cross linked, solvatable polymer selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyvinyl chlorides, chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyurethanes and polyureas, polysilicones, cellulose derivatives, gellable hydrophylic polymers and copolymers of carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and amine group containing monomers, alginic acid, and guar gum and the like.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
20 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 36 wherein said gel is cross linked to an extent less than said thin film.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 36 wherein said gel is a hydrogel.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
40 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 38 wherein said hydrogel is a partially cross linked polymer selected from the group consisting of gellable hydrophylic polymers and copolymers of carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and amine group containing monomers, alginic acid, and guar gum.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
75 words
A composite ultraporous membrane comprising, in combination: a cross linked polymeric thin film active layer having a thickness of from about 1.2 to about 150 nanometers and a limiting pore size corresponding to molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000; an adherent intermediate cross linked polymer gel having a permeability greater than said thin film; and an adherent integral, skinned polymeric microporous membrane support for said gel and said thin film.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
75 words
A composite ultraporous membrane comprising, in combination: a cross linked polymeric thin film active layer having a thickness of from about 1.2 to about 150 nanometers and a limiting pore size corresponding to molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000; an adherent intermediate cross linked polymer gel having a permeability greater than said thin film; and an adherent integral, skinned polymeric microporous membrane support for said gel and said thin film.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
22 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 40 wherein said thin film has a thickness of from about 1.2 nanometers to about 20 nanometers.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
26 words
ultraporous membrane of claim 40 wherein said thin film is a cross linked polymer selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, polysilicones, polyamides, polyacrylics, and polyimines.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 40 wherein said cross-linked polymer is a multifunctional isocyanate cross linked polyimine.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
11 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 43 wherein said polyimine is polyethyleneimine.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 44 wherein said diisocyanate is toluene diisocyanate.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
13 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 43 wherein said multifunctional isocyanate is a diisocyante.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
14 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 43 wherein said cross linked polymer is a polyamide.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 47 wherein said polyamide is a multifunctional acyl compound cross linked polyimine.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 47 wherein said polyimine is polyethylene imine.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
18 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 47 wherein said multifunctional acyl compound is an aromatic diacyl or triacyl halide.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 50 wherein said aromatic acyl halide is a phthaloyl dichloride.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 50 wherein said phthaloyl is isophthaloyl dichloride.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 52 wherein said thin film is cross linked to said microporous support.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
35 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 52 further comprising a support, wherein said support comprises an intermediate cross linked polymer gel having a permeability greater than said thin film and a microporous support for said gel.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 54 wherein said thin film is adhered to said gel.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
16 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 55 wherein said thin film is cross linked to said gel.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
60 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 54 wherein said gel is a cross linked, solvatable polymer selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyvinyl chlorides, chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyurethanes and polyureas, polysilicones, cellulose derivatives, gellable hydrophylic polymers and copolymers of carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and amine group containing monomers, alginic acid, and guar gum and the like.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
20 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 54 wherein said gel is cross linked to an extent less than said thin film.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 54 wherein said gel is a hydrogel.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
40 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 54 wherein said hydrogel is a partially cross linked polymer selected from the group consisting of gellable hydrophylic polymers and copolymers of carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and amine group containing monomers, alginic acid, and guar gum.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
39 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 40 wherein said microporous membrane support is formed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyvinyl chlorides, chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyurethanes and polyureas, polysilicones, cellulose derivatives.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
15 words
The ultraporous membrane of claim 61 wherein said microporous membrane support is formed of polysulfone.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-03-20 | 1992-09-19 | 1993-03-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-03-20 | 1996-09-19 | 1997-03-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-03-20 | 2000-09-19 | 2001-03-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |