US4811801A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Rock bits and inserts therefor
Assignee: Smith International Inc
•
Filing: 1988-03-16
•
Granted: 1989-03-14
•
Expires: 2008-03-16
Abstract
Abstract The present invention is a rock bit insert including a polycrystalline diamond surface on an insert body having a head portion made from a material with elasticity and thermal expansion properties advantageously tailored for use in three types of rock bits, as well as the three types of rock bits made with such inserts. The three types of bits are a roller cone rock bit adapted to be used with mud as the drilling fluid, a roller cone rock bit adapted to be used with air as the drilling fluid, and a percussion rock bit.
Inventors
- 👤 William J. Salesky
- 👤 Bruce L. Campbell
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 15:13
CPC Classifications
E; E21; E21B; E21B10/00; E21B10/46; E21B10/56; E21B10/567; E21B10/5673; B; B22; B22F; B22F7/00; B22F7/06; C; C22; C22C; C22C26/00; E21B10/50; E21B10/52; E21B10/573; E21B10/5735; B22F5/00; B22F2005/001; B22F2998/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 66
Claim 1
Independent Claim
84 words
An insert for a roller cone rock bit adapted to drill with mud comprising: an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into a roller cone and a head portion for protruding from the roller cone; and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 80 and about 89×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.9 and 3.4×10-6 /°C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
84 words
An insert for a roller cone rock bit adapted to drill with mud comprising: an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into a roller cone and a head portion for protruding from the roller cone; and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 80 and about 89×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.9 and 3.4×10-6 /°C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
The insert of claim 1 wherein the material of the head portion has a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 83 and about 86×10 6 p.s.i.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
The insert of claim 1 wherein the material of the head portion has a coefficient of thermal expansion between about 3.0 and about 3.4×10 6 /°C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The insert of claim 1 wherein the head portion comprises cemented carbide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
37 words
The insert of claim 4 wherein said cemented metal carbide is cobalt bonded tungsten carbide having a coercivity between about 85 and about 120 O e and a hardness of between about 88.1 and about 89.4 Ra.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The insert of claim 5 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a coercivity between about 95 and about 105 O e .
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The insert of claim 5 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a hardness of between about 88.3 and about 89.1 Ra.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The insert of claim 1 wherein the insert body is an integral piece of cemented carbide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The insert of claim 1 wherein the insert body is made in at least two pieces.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
The insert of claim 9 wherein the head portion is made from a material having a higher Young's modulus than that of the shaft portion of the insert body.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
177 words
A roller cone rock bit adapted to drill with mud comprising: a steel body: means at one end of the body for connecting the bit to a drill string: means at the opposite end of the body for mounting at least one roller cone on the body for rotation around an axis transverse to the axis of the bit: at least one roller cone so mounted on the body for rolling on the bottom of a bore hole being drilled: a plurality of inserts in said cone for crushing rock at the bottom of such a bore hole, at least a portion of said inserts comprising an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into a rock bit and a head portion for protruding from the rock bit; and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 80 and about 89×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.9 and 3.4×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
177 words
A roller cone rock bit adapted to drill with mud comprising: a steel body: means at one end of the body for connecting the bit to a drill string: means at the opposite end of the body for mounting at least one roller cone on the body for rotation around an axis transverse to the axis of the bit: at least one roller cone so mounted on the body for rolling on the bottom of a bore hole being drilled: a plurality of inserts in said cone for crushing rock at the bottom of such a bore hole, at least a portion of said inserts comprising an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into a rock bit and a head portion for protruding from the rock bit; and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 80 and about 89×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.9 and 3.4×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
The rock bit of claim 11 wherein the material of the head portion has a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 83 and about 86×10 6 p.s.i.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The rock bit of claim 11 wherein the material of the head portion has a coefficient of thermal expansion between about 3.0 and about 3.4×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The rock bit of claim 11 wherein the head portion comprises cemented carbide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
38 words
The rock bit of claim 14 wherein said cemented metal carbide is cobalt bonded tungsten carbide having a coercivity between about 85 and about 120 O e and a hardness of between about 88.1 and about 89.4 Ra.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The rock bit of claim 15 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a coercivity between about 95 and about 105 O e .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The rock bit of claim 15 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a harness of between about 88.3 and about 89.1 Ra.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The rock bit of claim 11 wherein the insert body is an integral piece of cemented carbide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
The rock bit of claim 11 wherein the head portion is made from a material having a higher Young's modulus than that of the shaft portion of the insert body.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
The rock bit of claim 11 wherein at least some of said inserts are embedded within a gage row on said roller cone.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
86 words
An insert for a roller cone rock bit adapted to drill with air comprising: an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into a roller cone and a head portion for protruding from the roller cone; and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 90 and about 102×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.5 and about 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
86 words
An insert for a roller cone rock bit adapted to drill with air comprising: an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into a roller cone and a head portion for protruding from the roller cone; and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 90 and about 102×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.5 and about 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
26 words
The insert of claim 21 wherein the material of the head portion has a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 92 and about 99×10 6 p.s.i.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
26 words
The insert of claim 21 wherein the material of the head portion has a coefficient of thermal expansion between about 2.8 and about 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The insert of claim 21 wherein the head portion comprises cemented carbide.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
37 words
The insert of claim 24 wherein said cemented metal carbide is cobalt bonded tungsten carbide having a coercivity between about 120 and about 160 O e and a hardness of between about 89.5 and about 91.1 Ra.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
22 words
The insert of claim 25 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a coercivity between about 140 and about 150 O e .
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The insert of claim 25 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a hardness of between about 90.5 and about 91.1 Ra.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
The insert of claim 21 wherein the insert body is an integral piece of cemented carbide.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
16 words
The insert of claim 21 wherein the insert body is made in at least two pieces.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
29 words
The insert of claim 29 wherein the head portion is made from a material having a higher Young's modulus than that of the shaft portion of the insert body.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
177 words
A roller cone rock bit adapted to drill with air comprising: a steel body; means at one end of the body for connecting the bit to a drill string: means at the opposite end of the body for mounting at least one roller cone on the body for rotation around an axis transverse to the axis of the bit: at least one roller cone so mounted on the body for rolling on the bottom of a bore hole being drilled: a plurality of inserts in said cone for crushing rock at the bottom of such a bore hole, at least a portion of said inserts comprising: an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into a rock bit and a head portion for protruding from the rock bit: and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 90 and about 102×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.5 and 3.0×10 6 /°C.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
177 words
A roller cone rock bit adapted to drill with air comprising: a steel body; means at one end of the body for connecting the bit to a drill string: means at the opposite end of the body for mounting at least one roller cone on the body for rotation around an axis transverse to the axis of the bit: at least one roller cone so mounted on the body for rolling on the bottom of a bore hole being drilled: a plurality of inserts in said cone for crushing rock at the bottom of such a bore hole, at least a portion of said inserts comprising: an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into a rock bit and a head portion for protruding from the rock bit: and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 90 and about 102×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.5 and 3.0×10 6 /°C.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
27 words
The rock bit of claim 31 wherein the material of the head portion has a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 92 and about 99×10 6 p.s.i.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
27 words
The rock bit of claim 31 wherein the material of the head portion has a coefficient of thermal expansion between about 2.8 and about 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
13 words
The rock bit of claim 31 wherein the head portion comprises cemented carbide.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
34 words
The rock bit of claim 34 wherein said cemented metal carbide is cobalt bonded tungsten carbide having a coercivity between about 120 and about and a hardness of between about 89.5 and about 91.1
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
23 words
The rock bit of claim 35 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a coercivity between about 140 and about 150 O e .
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
22 words
The rock bit of claim 35 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a hardness of between about 90.5 and about 91.1 Ra.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
17 words
The rock bit of claim 31 wherein the insert body is an integral piece of cemented carbide.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
30 words
The rock bit of claim 31 wherein the head portion is made from a material having a higher Young's modulus than that of the shaft portion of the insert body.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
23 words
The rock bit of claim 31 wherein at least some of said inserts are embedded within a gage row on said roller cone.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
81 words
An insert for a percussion rock bit comprising: an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into the percussion rock bit and a head portion for protruding from the roller cone: and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion: wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 90 and about 102×10 6 p.s.i and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.5 and about 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
81 words
An insert for a percussion rock bit comprising: an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into the percussion rock bit and a head portion for protruding from the roller cone: and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion: wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 90 and about 102×10 6 p.s.i and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.5 and about 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
26 words
The insert of claim 41 wherein the material of the head portion has a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 92 and about 99×10 6 p.s.i.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
26 words
The insert of claim 41 wherein the material of the head portion has a coefficient of thermal expansion between about 2.8 and about 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
12 words
The insert of claim 41 wherein the head portion comprises cemented carbide.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
37 words
The insert of claim 44 wherein said cemented metal carbide is cobalt bonded tungsten carbide having a coercivity between about 120 and about 160 O e and a hardness of between about 89.5 and about 91.1 Ra.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
22 words
The insert of claim 45 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a coercivity between about 140 and about 150 O e .
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
21 words
The insert of claim 45 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a hardness of between about 90.5 and about 91.1 Ra.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
16 words
The insert of claim 41 wherein the insert body is an integral piece of cemented carbide.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
16 words
The insert of claim 41 wherein the insert body is made in at least two pieces.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
29 words
The insert of claim 49 wherein the head portion is made from a material having a higher Young's modulus than that of the shaft portion of the insert body.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
116 words
A percussion rock bit comprising: a steel body: means at one end of the steel body for connecting the bit to a drill string: a plurality of inserts embedded within the other end of the steel body, at least a portion of the inserts comprising an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into the steel body and a head portion for protruding from the steel body; and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 90 and about 102×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.5 and 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
116 words
A percussion rock bit comprising: a steel body: means at one end of the steel body for connecting the bit to a drill string: a plurality of inserts embedded within the other end of the steel body, at least a portion of the inserts comprising an insert body having a shaft portion for insertion into the steel body and a head portion for protruding from the steel body; and a layer of polycrystalline diamond material directly bonded to the head portion; wherein the head portion comprises a material having a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 90 and about 102×10 6 p.s.i, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about 2.5 and 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
27 words
The rock bit of claim 51 wherein the material of the head portion has a Young's modulus of elasticity between about 92 and about 99×10 6 p.s.i.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
27 words
The rock bit of claim 51 wherein the material of the head portion has a coefficient of thermal expansion between about 2.8 and about 3.0×10 -6 /°C.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
13 words
The rock bit of claim 51 wherein the head portion comprises cemented carbide.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
36 words
The rock bit of claim 54 wherein said cemented metal carbide is cobalt bonded tungsten carbide having a coercivity between about 120 and about 160 and a hardness of between about 89.5 and about 91.1 Ra.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
23 words
The rock bit of claim 55 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a coercivity between about 140 and about 150 O e .
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
22 words
The rock bit of claim 55 wherein the cobalt bonded carbide has a hardness of between about 90.5 and about 91.1 Ra.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
17 words
The rock bit of claim 51 wherein the insert body is an integral piece of cemented carbide.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
30 words
The rock bit of claim 51 wherein the head portion is made from a material having a higher Young's modulus than that of the shaft portion of the insert body.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
23 words
The rock bit of claim 51 wherein at least some of said inserts are embedded within a gage row on said roller cone.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-03-13 | 1992-09-12 | 1993-03-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-03-13 | 1996-09-12 | 1997-03-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-03-13 | 2000-09-12 | 2001-03-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |