US4790948A
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Lubricating oil containing dispersant viscosity index improver
Assignee: Afton Chemical Additives Corp
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Filing: 1986-10-14
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Granted: 1988-12-13
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Expires: 2006-10-14
Abstract
Abstract Lubricating oils of improved properties contain a terpolymer of glycidyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, and stearyl methacrylate which has been functionalized or coupled with phenothiazine and with N-methyl piperazine.
Inventors
- 👤 Christopher S. Liu
- 👤 William P. Hart
- 👤 Maria M. Kapuscinski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 10:46
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10M; C10M145/00; C10M145/02; C10M145/10; C10M145/12; C10M145/14; C08; C08F; C08F8/00; C08F8/30; C08F8/34; C10M145/04; C08F2800/00; C08F2800/20; C10M2205/00; C10M2207/00; C10M2207/02; C10M2207/023; C10M2207/024; C10M2209/00; C10M2209/02; C10M2209/04; C10M2209/08; C10M2209/084; C10M2215/00; C10M2215/02; C10M2215/06; C10M2215/064; C10M2215/086; C10M2215/22; C10M2215/221; C10M2215/225; C10M2215/226; C10M2215/24; C10M2215/28; C10M2215/30; C10M2219/00; C10M2219/04; C10M2219/044; C10M2219/09; C10M2219/10; C10M2219/102; C10M2219/104; C10M2219/106; C10M2219/108; C10M2223/00; C10M2223/02; C10M2223/04; C10M2223/045; C10N; C10N2010/00; C10N2010/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 46
Claim 1
Independent Claim
134 words
The method of preparing a functionalized polymer which comprises copolymerizing, under free radical polymerization conditions, (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties thereby forming a copolymer of molecular weight M n of 10,000-1,000,000 containing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties; functionalizing a first portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom; functionalizing a second portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties with, as second functionalizating agent, a primary or secondary functionalizing polyamine thereby forming a dually functionalized product polymer; and recovering said dually functionalized product polymer.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
134 words
The method of preparing a functionalized polymer which comprises copolymerizing, under free radical polymerization conditions, (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties thereby forming a copolymer of molecular weight M n of 10,000-1,000,000 containing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties; functionalizing a first portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom; functionalizing a second portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties with, as second functionalizating agent, a primary or secondary functionalizing polyamine thereby forming a dually functionalized product polymer; and recovering said dually functionalized product polymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said molecular weight is 20,000-100,000.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
91 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said first monomer is ##STR6## wherein C═C is an ethylenically unsaturated double bond; R v or R vi is a divalent hydrocarbon moiety selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkarylene, aralkylene, cycloalkylene, and arylene; R' is hydrogen or alkyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl; R" is a divalent moiety selected from the group consisting of --COO-- and --R v --; and a is an integer greater than 0; b is an integer 0-1; c is an integer 1-3; and d is an integer 0-1.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said first monomer is allyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl methacrylate, or 2-methyallyl glycidyl ether.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said second monomer is an acrylate ester.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said first functionalizing agent is a phenothiazine, a mercapto-imidazole, a mercaptobenzimidazole, a thiazole, a benzothiazole, a mercapto-triazole, a mercaptobenzotriazole, a thiadiazole, a thiazoline, a thiazolidine, a mercaptopyrimidine, a mercaptopyridine, a mercaptooxazole, a mercaptobenzoxazole, a mercaptoaniline, a thiomorpholine, or a mercaptopurine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said first functionalizing agent is phenothiazine.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said second functionalizing agent is a primary or secondary polyamine.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said second functionalizing agent is N-methyl piperazine.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
108 words
The method of preparing a functionalized polymer which comprises copolymerizing, under free radical polymerization conditions, (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties thereby forming a copolymer of molecular weight Mn of 10,000-1,000,000 containing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties; functionalizing a portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom thereby forming a functionalized product polymer; and; recovering said functionalized product polymer.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
108 words
The method of preparing a functionalized polymer which comprises copolymerizing, under free radical polymerization conditions, (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties thereby forming a copolymer of molecular weight Mn of 10,000-1,000,000 containing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties; functionalizing a portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom thereby forming a functionalized product polymer; and; recovering said functionalized product polymer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said first functionalizing agent is a phenothiazine, a mercapto-imidazole, a mercaptobenzimidazole, a thiazole, a benzothiazole, a mercapto-triazole, a mercaptobenzotriazole, a thiadiazole, a thiazoline, a thiazolidine, a mercaptopyrimodine, a mercaptopyridine, a mercaptooxazole, a mercaptobenzoxazole, a mercaptoaniline, a thiomorpholine, or a mercaptopurine.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said first functionalizing agent is phenothiazine.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
102 words
The method of preparing a functionalized polymer which comprises copolymerizing, under free radical polymerization conditions, (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties thereby forming a copolymner of molecular weight Mn of 10,000-1,000,000 containing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties; functionalizing a portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties with, as second functionalizing agent, a primary or secondary functionalizing polyamine thereby forming a functionalized product polymer; and recovering said functionalized product polymer.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
102 words
The method of preparing a functionalized polymer which comprises copolymerizing, under free radical polymerization conditions, (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties thereby forming a copolymner of molecular weight Mn of 10,000-1,000,000 containing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties; functionalizing a portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties with, as second functionalizing agent, a primary or secondary functionalizing polyamine thereby forming a functionalized product polymer; and recovering said functionalized product polymer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
109 words
A functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer backbone bearing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties, a first portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom, and a second portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with, as second functionalizing agent, a primary or secondary functionalizing polyamine.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
109 words
A functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer backbone bearing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties, a first portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom, and a second portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with, as second functionalizing agent, a primary or secondary functionalizing polyamine.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
A functionalized polymer as claimed in claim 13 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight M n of 10,000-1,000,000.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
49 words
A functionalized polymer as claimed in claim 12 wherein said first functionalizing agent is a phenothiazine, a mercapto-imidazole, a mercaptobenzimidazole, a thiazole, a benzothiazole, a mercapto-triazole, a mercaptobenzotriazole, a thiadiazole, a thiazoline, a thiazolidine, a mercaptopyrimidine, a mercaptopyridine, a mercaptooxazole, a mercaptobenzoxazole, a mercaptoaniline, a thiomorpholine, or a mercaptopurine.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
A functionalized polymer is claimed in claim 12 wherein said first functionalizing agent is phenothiazine.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
19 words
A functionalized polymer as claimed in claim 12 wherein said second functionalizing agent is a primary or secondary polyamine.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
A functionalized polymer as claimed in claim 12 wherein said second functionalizing agent is N-methyl piperazine.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
84 words
A functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer backbone bearing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties, at least a portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
84 words
A functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer backbone bearing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties, at least a portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
18 words
A functionalized polymer as claimed in claim 20 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight Mn of 10,000-1,000,000.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
49 words
A functionalized polymer as claimed in claim 20 where said first functionalizing agent is a phenothiazine, a mercapto-imidazole, a mercaptobenzimidazole, a thiazole, a benzothiazole, a mercapto-triazole, a mercaptobenzotriazole, a thiadiazole, a thiazoline, a thiazolidine, a mercaptopyrimidine, a mercaptopyridine, a mercaptooxazole, a mercaptobenzoxazole, a mercaptoaniline, a thiomorpholine, or a mercaptopurine.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
A functionalized polymer as claimed in claim 20 wherein said functionalizing agent is a phenothiazine.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
77 words
A functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer backbone bearing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties, at least a portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with, as second functionalizing agent, a primary or secondary polyamine.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
77 words
A functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer backbone bearing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties, at least a portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with, as second functionalizing agent, a primary or secondary polyamine.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
A functionalized polymer as claimed in claim 24 wherein said second functionalizing agent is N-methyl piperazine.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
114 words
A composition comprising a functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer side chains containing epoxide moieties, a first portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom, and a second portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with functionalizing agent, containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom; and an inert diluent-solvent.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
114 words
A composition comprising a functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer side chains containing epoxide moieties, a first portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom, and a second portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with functionalizing agent, containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom; and an inert diluent-solvent.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
132 words
A lubricating oil composition comprising a major portion of a lubricating oil and a minor effective viscosity index improving portion of, as additive, a functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer backbone bearing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties, a first portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom, and a second portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with, as second functionalizing agent, a primary or secondary functionalizing polyamine.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
132 words
A lubricating oil composition comprising a major portion of a lubricating oil and a minor effective viscosity index improving portion of, as additive, a functionalized polymer comprising moieties derived from (i) first monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxide moiety and (ii) second monomer containing a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond and which is free of epoxide moieties, said polymer backbone bearing at least two pendant side chains containing epoxide moieties, a first portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with first functionalizing agent containing at least one sulfur atom and at least one hetero nitrogen atom, and a second portion of said side chains containing epoxide moieties having been functionalized with, as second functionalizing agent, a primary or secondary functionalizing polyamine.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
21 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said functionalized polymer has a molecular weight M n of 10,000-1,000,000.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
95 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said first monomer is ##STR7## wherein C═C is an ethylenically unsaturated double bond; R v or R vi is a divalent hydrocarbon moiety selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkarylene, aralkylene, cycloalkylene, and arylene; R' is hydrogen or alkyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl; R" is a divalent moiety selected from the group consisting of --COO-- and --R v --; and a is an integer greater than 0; b is an integer 0-1; c is an integer 1-3; and d is an integer 0-1.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
23 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said first monomer is allyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl methacrylate, or 2-methallyl glycidyl ether.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
17 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said second monomer is an acrylate ester.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
50 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said first functionalizing agent is a phenothiazine, a mercapto-imidazole, a mercaptobenzimidazole, a thiazole, a benzothiazole, a mercapto-triazole, a mercaptobenzotriazole, a thiadiazole, a thiazoline, a thiazolidine, a mercaptopyrimidine, a mercaptopyridine, a mercaptooxazole, a mercaptobenzoxazole, a mercaptoaniline, a thiomorpholine, or a mercaptopurine.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
16 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said first functionalizing agent is phenothiazine.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
20 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said second functionalizing agent is a primary or secondary polyamine.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
17 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said second functionalizing agent is N-methyl piperazine.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
18 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 27 wherein said viscosity index improving portion is 0.2-5 w%.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
41 words
A lubricating oil composition comprising a major portion of a lubrication oil and 0.2-5 w% of a functionalized polymer containing moieties derived from glycidyl methacrylate and lauryl methacrylate and stearyl methacrylate, said polymer having been functionalized with phenothiazine and N-methyl piperazine.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
41 words
A lubricating oil composition comprising a major portion of a lubrication oil and 0.2-5 w% of a functionalized polymer containing moieties derived from glycidyl methacrylate and lauryl methacrylate and stearyl methacrylate, said polymer having been functionalized with phenothiazine and N-methyl piperazine.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-12-13 | 1992-06-13 | 1992-12-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-12-13 | 1996-06-13 | 1996-12-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-12-13 | 2000-06-13 | 2000-12-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |