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US4789954A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method for generating quadratic curve signal

Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1986-05-13
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Granted: 1988-12-06
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Expires: 2006-05-13
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Abstract

Abstract Assuming that a given equation representing a quadratic curve is: F(x, y)=ax.sup.2 +bxy+cy.sup.2 +dx+ey+f=0, the method for generating quadratic curve signals repeatedly selects a point close to F (x, y)=0 in only one of either the region of F (x,y)≧0 or the region of F (x,y)<0. This method allows to generate quadratic curve signals by using only a few parameters and without using complicated calculations. A hardware implementation is also disclosed.

Inventors

  • 👤 Hideaki Iida
  • 👤 Johji Mamiya
  • 👤 Yutaka Morimoto

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-02 11:14
CPC Classifications
G; G09; G09G; G09G5/00; G09G5/20; G09G1/00; G09G1/06; G09G1/08

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim 269 words
A method for generating signals representing a line approximate to a quadratic curve F(x, y)=ax.sup.2 +bxy+cy.sup.2 +dx+ey+f=0 by repeating a step selecting a new point close to F(x, y)=0 from among eight points (x+1, y+1), (x+1, y), (x+1, y-1), (x, y-1), (x-1, y-1), (x-1, y), (x-1, y+1) and (x, y+1) adjacent to a current point (x, y) in a Cartesian coordinates system, characterized in that said step selecting one of said eight points consists of a step selecting a new point close to F (x, y)=0 in only one of either the region of F (x, y)≧0 or the region F (x, y)<0, said step selecting a new point close to F (x, y)=0 comprising: an octant selecting step selecting one octant from among the first octant in which point (x+1, y+1) or (x+1, y) can be selected, the second octant in which point (x+1, y) or (x+1, y-1) can be selected, the third octant in which point (x+1, y-1) or (x, y-1) can be selected, the fourth octant in which point (x, y-1) or (x-1, y-1) can be selected, the fifth octant in which point (x-1, y-1) or (x-1, y) can be selected, the sixth octant in which point (x-1, y) or (x-1, y+1) can be selected, the seventh octant in which point (x-1, y+1) or (x, y+1) can be selected, the eighth octant in which point (x, y+1) or (x+1, y+1) can be selected, and selecting a point close to F(x, y)=0 in either one region of F (x, y)≧0 or F (x, y)<0 from two selectable points in the octant selected by said octant selecting step.
Claim 2
Independent Claim 269 words
A method for generating signals representing a line approximate to a quadratic curve F(x, y)=ax.sup.2 +bxy+cy.sup.2 +dx+ey+f=0 by repeating a step selecting a new point close to F(x, y)=0 from among eight points (x+1, y+1), (x+1, y), (x+1, y-1), (x, y-1), (x-1, y-1), (x-1, y), (x-1, y+1) and (x, y+1) adjacent to a current point (x, y) in a Cartesian coordinates system, characterized in that said step selecting one of said eight points consists of a step selecting a new point close to F (x, y)=0 in only one of either the region of F (x, y)≧0 or the region F (x, y)<0, said step selecting a new point close to F (x, y)=0 comprising: an octant selecting step selecting one octant from among the first octant in which point (x+1, y+1) or (x+1, y) can be selected, the second octant in which point (x+1, y) or (x+1, y-1) can be selected, the third octant in which point (x+1, y-1) or (x, y-1) can be selected, the fourth octant in which point (x, y-1) or (x-1, y-1) can be selected, the fifth octant in which point (x-1, y-1) or (x-1, y) can be selected, the sixth octant in which point (x-1, y) or (x-1, y+1) can be selected, the seventh octant in which point (x-1, y+1) or (x, y+1) can be selected, the eighth octant in which point (x, y+1) or (x+1, y+1) can be selected, and selecting a point close to F(x, y)=0 in either one region of F (x, y)≧0 or F (x, y)<0 from two selectable points in the octant selected by said octant selecting step.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 116 words
A method for generating quadratic curve signals as claimed in claim 1, wherein said octant selecting step selects an octant having α and β values with different signs, when assuming that α and β are: in the first octant, α=F(x+1, y+1)-F(x, y) β=F(x+1, y)-F(x, y) in the second octant, α=F(x+1, y-1)-F(x, y) β=F(x+1, y)-F(x, y) in the third octant, α=F(x+1, y-1)-F(x, y) β=F(x, y-1)-F(x, y) in the fourth octant, α=F(x-1, y-1)-F(x, y) β=F(x, y-1)-F(x, y) in the fifth octant, α=F(x-1, y-1)-F(x, y) β=F(x-1, y)-F(x, y) in the sixth octant, α=F(x-1, y+1)-F(x, y) β=F(x-1, y)-F(x, y) in the seventh octant, α=F(x-1, y+1)-F(x, y) β=F(x, y+1)-F(x, y), and in the eighth octant, α=F(x+1, y+1)-F(x, y) β=F(x, y+1)-F(x, y).
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 210 words
A method for generating quadratic curve signals as claim in claim 2, wherein said point selecting step includes the steps of: (a) comparing the sign of F (x, y) with that of α at the point (x, y), (b) comparing the sign of F (x, y) with that of F (x, y)+β when the signs of F (x, y) and α are the same in the comparison of step (a), (c) comparing the sign of F (x, y) with that of F (x, y)+α when the signs of F (x, y) and α are different in the comparison of step (a), (d) selecting a point that displaces by (+1) or (-1) in the X direction and by (+1) or (-1) in the Y direction from the point (x, y) when the signs are judged to be the same in the step (b), or when the signs are judged to be different in the step (c), and (e) selecting a point that displaces by (+1) or (-1) in the X direction and by (+1) or (-1) in the Y direction from the point (x, y) when the signs are judged to be different in the step (b), or when the signs are judged to be the same in the step (c).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 200 words
A method for generating quadratic curve signals as claimed in claim 2, wherein, when F (x, y)≧0, said point selecting step includes the steps of: (f) checking the sign of α or β, (G) checking the sign of F (x, y)+β when it is judged that the sign of α is positive, or that the sign of β is negative in the step (f), (h) checking the sign of F (x, y)+α when the sign of α is judged to be negative, or the sign of β is judged to be positive in the step (f), (i) selecting a point that displaces by (+1) or (-1) in the X direction and by (+1) or (-1) in the Y direction from the point (x, y), when the sign of F (x, y)+β is judged to be positive in the step (g), or when the sign of F (x, y)+α is judged to be negative in the step (h), and (j) selecting a point that displaces by (+1) or (-1) in X direction and by (+1) or (-1) in Y direction from the point (x, y), when the sign of F (x, y)+β is judged to be negative in the step (h).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 219 words
A method for generating quadratic curve signals as claimed in claim 2, wherein, when F (x, y)<0, said point selecting step includes the steps of: (k) checking the sign of α or β, (l) checking the sign of F (x, y)+α when it is judged that the sign of α is positive, or that the sign of β is negative in the step (k), (m) checking the sign of F (x, y)+β when the sign of α is judged to be negative, or the sign of β is judged to be positive in the step (k), (n) selecting a point that displaces by (+1) or (-1) in the X direction and by (+1) or (-1) in the Y direction from the point (x, y), when the sign of F (x, y)+α is judged to be positive in the step (l), or when the sign of F (x, y)+β is judged to be negative in the step (m), and (o) selecting a point that displaces by (+1) or (-1) in the X direction and by (+1) or (-1) in the Y direction from the point (x, y), when the sign of F (x, y)+α is judged to be negative in the step (l), or when the sign of F (x, y)+β is judged to be positive in the step (m).
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 328 words
A method for generating quadratic curve signals as claimed in claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein said point selecting step further comprises the steps of: (p) updating the values of F (x, y), α and β after selecting a point which displaces by (+1) or (-1) in the X direction and by (+1) or (-1) in the Y direction from the point (x, y), according to the following equations: F(x,y)=F(x, y)+β α=α+T2 β=β+T1 wherein, T1 is: in the first and second octant, 2a (=β(x+1, y)-β(x, y)), in the third and fourth octant, 2c(=β(x, y-1)-β(x, y)), in the fifth and sixth octant, 2a(=β(x-1, y)-β(x, y)), in the seventh and eighth octant, 2c(=β(x, y+1)-β(x, y)), and T2 is: in the first octant, 2a+b(=α(x+1, y)-α(x, y)) in the second octant, 2a-b(=α(x'1, y)-α(x, y)) in the third octant, 2c-b(=α(x, y-1)-α(x, y)) in the fourth octant, 2c+b(=α(x, y-1)-α(x, y)) in the fifth octant, 2a+b(=α(x-1, y)-α(x, y)), in the sixth octant, 2a-b(=α(x-1, y)-α(x, y)), in the seventh octant, 2c-b(=α(x, y+1)-α(x, y)), and in the eighth octant, 2c+b(=α(x, y+1)-α(x, y)), and (q) updating the values of F (x, y), α and β after selecting a point that displaces by (+1) or (-1) in the X direction and by (+1) or (-1) in the Y direction from the point (x, y), according to the following equations: F(x,y)=F(x, y)+α α=α+T3 β=β+T2 wherein, T2 is: in the first octant, 2a+b(=β(x+1, y+1)-β(x, y)), in the second octant, 2a-b(=β(x+1, y-1)-β(x, y)), in the third octant, 2c+b(=β(x+1, y-1)-β(x, y)), in the fourth octant, 2c+b(=β(x-1, y-1)-β(x, y)), in the fifth octant, 2a+b(=β(x-1, y+1)-β(x, y)), in the sixth octant, 2a-b(=β(x-1, y+1)-β(x, y)), in the seventh octant, 2c-b(=β(x-1, y+1)-β(x, y)), and in the eighth octant, 2c+b(=β(x+1, y+1)-β(x, y)); and T3 is: in the first octant, 2a+2c+2b(=α(x+1, y+1)-α(x, y)) in the second octant and third octant, 2a+2c-2b(=α(x+1, y-1)-α(x, y)), in the fourth and fifth octant, 2a+2c+2b(=α(x-1, y-1)-α(x, y)) in the sixth and seventh octant, 2a+2c-2b(=α(x-1, y+1)-α(x, y)), and in the eighth octant, 2a+2c+2b(=α(x+1, y+1)-α(x, y)).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 69 words
A method for generating quadratic curve signals as claimed in claim 6, wherein said method further comprises the steps of: (r) checking the signs of α and β updated in said step (p) or (q), (s) changing the octant to an octant in which the signs of α and β are different when the signs of α and β are judged to be the same in said step (r).

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3917932A Cited
US4272808A Cited
US4484298A Cited
US4692887A Cited

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