US4782216A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrically heatable laminated window
Assignee: Monsanto Co
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Filing: 1987-08-11
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Granted: 1988-11-01
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Expires: 2007-08-11
Abstract
Abstract A transparent, laminated window, particularly for use as a vehicle windshield, has improved deicing capability and high luminous transmission and near IR rejection, comprises an optical element having a low sheet resistivity of less than about 3 ohms per square, such element containing at least two transparent metal layers electrically conductively associated with bus bar(s) and separated by one or more dielectric layers.
Inventors
- 👤 Floyd E. Woodard
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 12:04
CPC Classifications
C; C03; C03C; C03C17/00; C03C17/34; C03C17/36; C03C17/3602; C03C17/3613; B; B32; B32B; B32B17/00; B32B17/06; B32B17/10; B32B17/10005; B32B17/10165; B32B17/10174; B32B17/1055; B32B17/10761; B32B2367/00; C03C17/3618; C03C17/3649; C03C17/3652; C03C17/3657; C03C17/366; C03C17/3668; C03C17/3673; C03C17/3681; H; H05; H05B; H05B3/00; H05B3/84; H05B3/86; H05B2203/00; H05B2203/013
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
64 words
A transparent, laminated window having improved defrosting capability comprising, in combination: (A) an optical element having a sheet resistivity of less than about 3 ohms per square containing: (i) at least two electrically conductive metal layers; (ii) at least one dielectric spacing layer between said conductive layers; and (iii) a transparent substrate; and (B) a bus bar electrically conductively associated with each conductive layer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
64 words
A transparent, laminated window having improved defrosting capability comprising, in combination: (A) an optical element having a sheet resistivity of less than about 3 ohms per square containing: (i) at least two electrically conductive metal layers; (ii) at least one dielectric spacing layer between said conductive layers; and (iii) a transparent substrate; and (B) a bus bar electrically conductively associated with each conductive layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The window of claim 1 wherein the conductive layers are silver having a thickness of from about 60 to about 300 angstroms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The window of claim 1 wherein a dielectric layer is titanium dioxide having a thickness of from 200 to 1200 angstroms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The window of any of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the optical element has a sheet resistivity of less than 2.5 ohms per square.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The window of claim 4 including flexible plastic layers within which said optical element is encapsulated.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The window of claim 4 wherein the transparent substrate for the optical element is glass.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The window of claim 4 having a visible transmission of at least 70%.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The window of claim 4 having a visible reflection of no more than 16%.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The window of claim 4 having a solar rejection of a least 50%.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The window of claim 5 wherein the flexible plastic comprises polyvinyl butyral.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
79 words
A transparent, laminated window capable of transmitting at least 70% of visible light, rejecting at least 50% of solar radiation and having improved defrosting capability, said window comprising: (A) an optical element having a sheet resistivity less than 3 ohms per square containing: (i) at least two electrically conductive metal layers; (ii) at least one dielectric spacing layer between said conductive layers; and (iii) a transparent substrate; and (B) a bus bar electrically conductively associated with each conductive layer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
79 words
A transparent, laminated window capable of transmitting at least 70% of visible light, rejecting at least 50% of solar radiation and having improved defrosting capability, said window comprising: (A) an optical element having a sheet resistivity less than 3 ohms per square containing: (i) at least two electrically conductive metal layers; (ii) at least one dielectric spacing layer between said conductive layers; and (iii) a transparent substrate; and (B) a bus bar electrically conductively associated with each conductive layer.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-11-01 | 1992-05-02 | 1992-11-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-11-01 | 1996-05-02 | 1996-11-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-11-01 | 2000-05-02 | 2000-11-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |