US4781860A
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US
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Disposable hazardous and radioactive liquid aqueous waste composition and method
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1987-05-11
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Granted: 1988-11-01
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Expires: 2007-05-11
Abstract
Abstract An improved method of disposing of radioactive or hazardous liquid aqueous waste compositions having a substantial amount of dissolved solids comprises mixing the liquid under a high mechanical shear with a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof. Water soluble or miscible organic liquids as well as liquid hydrocarbon mixtures thereof may also be solidified by utilizing the aforesaid clays together with an organic ammonium montmorillonite having at least 10 carbon atoms, the amount of montmorillonite used being proportional to the amount of liquid hydrocarbon present.
Inventors
- 👤 Darryl J. Doan
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 08:25
CPC Classifications
G; G21; G21F; G21F9/00; G21F9/04; G21F9/06; G21F9/16; G21F9/162; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S210/00; Y10S210/902; Y10S210/908; Y10S210/909; Y10S210/91
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
79 words
A method of disposing of radioactive or hazardous liquid wastes comprising a water soluble or miscible organic liquid, an aqueous solution having a dissolved solids content of about 5,000 parts per million or more, and mixtures thereof comprising adding thereto between about 2.2 and about 5.0 pounds of a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof per gallon of said liquid and stirring the mixture under high mechanical shear until it is substantially solidified.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
79 words
A method of disposing of radioactive or hazardous liquid wastes comprising a water soluble or miscible organic liquid, an aqueous solution having a dissolved solids content of about 5,000 parts per million or more, and mixtures thereof comprising adding thereto between about 2.2 and about 5.0 pounds of a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof per gallon of said liquid and stirring the mixture under high mechanical shear until it is substantially solidified.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said composition is subjected to high shear stirring of at lease about 500 rpm.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said composition is subjected to high shear stirring of at least about 1,000 rpm.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
115 words
A method of disposing of radioactive or hazardous water soluble or miscible organic liquids and having between about 5% and about 95% liquid hydrocarbon by volume, comprising mixing said liquid with a mixture of clay selected from the group attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof and an organic ammonium montmorillonite having at least 10 carbon atoms at a ratio of clay:organic ammonium montmorillonite about directly proportional to the ratio of said organic liquid:liquid hydrocarbon, by volume, respectively, and wherein the amount of said clay and organic ammonium montmorillonite mixture is between about 2.5 and about 5.5 pounds per gallon of total bulk liquid, and stirring the mixture under high mechanical shear until it is substantially solidified.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
115 words
A method of disposing of radioactive or hazardous water soluble or miscible organic liquids and having between about 5% and about 95% liquid hydrocarbon by volume, comprising mixing said liquid with a mixture of clay selected from the group attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof and an organic ammonium montmorillonite having at least 10 carbon atoms at a ratio of clay:organic ammonium montmorillonite about directly proportional to the ratio of said organic liquid:liquid hydrocarbon, by volume, respectively, and wherein the amount of said clay and organic ammonium montmorillonite mixture is between about 2.5 and about 5.5 pounds per gallon of total bulk liquid, and stirring the mixture under high mechanical shear until it is substantially solidified.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 4 including adding between about 1 and about 10% by volume of a polar organic compound based on the hydrocarbon.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 4 including adding between about 1 and about 10% of an alcohol having between 1 and 3 carbon atoms based on the hydrocarbon.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
102 words
A method of disposing of an aqueous radioactive or hazardous liquid having a dissolved solids content of between about 5,000 and about 30,000 parts per million comprising adding thereto a mixture of between about 55% and about 95% of a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof and between about 5% and about 45%, by weight, sodium montmorillonite having sodium as the major exchangeable cation, said mixture added in an amount of between about 1.5 and about 4.0 pounds per gallon of said liquid, and stirring the mixture under high mechanical shear until it is substantially solidified.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
102 words
A method of disposing of an aqueous radioactive or hazardous liquid having a dissolved solids content of between about 5,000 and about 30,000 parts per million comprising adding thereto a mixture of between about 55% and about 95% of a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof and between about 5% and about 45%, by weight, sodium montmorillonite having sodium as the major exchangeable cation, said mixture added in an amount of between about 1.5 and about 4.0 pounds per gallon of said liquid, and stirring the mixture under high mechanical shear until it is substantially solidified.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
61 words
A substantially solidified hazardous or radioactive composition consisting essentially of water soluble or miscible organic liquid, an aqueous solution having a dissolved solids content of at least about 20,000 parts per million, and mixtures thereof, and between about 2.2 and about 5.0 pounds of a clay selected from the group consisting of attaqulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof per gallon of liquid.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
61 words
A substantially solidified hazardous or radioactive composition consisting essentially of water soluble or miscible organic liquid, an aqueous solution having a dissolved solids content of at least about 20,000 parts per million, and mixtures thereof, and between about 2.2 and about 5.0 pounds of a clay selected from the group consisting of attaqulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof per gallon of liquid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 8 wherein said water soluble or miscible organic liquid is selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, glycyerols, and plyalkylene glycols.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
94 words
A substantially solidified hazardous or radioactive composition consisting essentially of an aqueous solution having between about 5,000 and about 30,000 parts per million dissolved solids and a mixture of between about 55% and about 95% by weight of a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof, and between about 5% and about 45%, by weight sodium montmorillonite having sodium as the major cation said mixture of said clay and sodium montmorillonite being present in an amount of between about 1.5 and about 4.0 pounds per gallon of said liquid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
94 words
A substantially solidified hazardous or radioactive composition consisting essentially of an aqueous solution having between about 5,000 and about 30,000 parts per million dissolved solids and a mixture of between about 55% and about 95% by weight of a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof, and between about 5% and about 45%, by weight sodium montmorillonite having sodium as the major cation said mixture of said clay and sodium montmorillonite being present in an amount of between about 1.5 and about 4.0 pounds per gallon of said liquid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
43 words
The composition of claim 10 including between about 5 and about 95% by volume based on said aqueous solution of a water soluble or miscible organic waste liquid selected from the group consisting of aldehydes, ketones, acids, ethers, esters, alcohols, polyols and polyglycols.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
73 words
A substantially solidified hazardous or radioactive composition consisting essentially of a water soluble or miscibel organic liquid and a liquid hydrocarbon and a mixture of a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtres thereof and an organic ammonium montmorillonite having at least 10 carbon atoms wherein said amount of said clay and said organic ammonium montmorillonite is between about 2.5 and about 5.5 pounds per gallon of said liquid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
73 words
A substantially solidified hazardous or radioactive composition consisting essentially of a water soluble or miscibel organic liquid and a liquid hydrocarbon and a mixture of a clay selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtres thereof and an organic ammonium montmorillonite having at least 10 carbon atoms wherein said amount of said clay and said organic ammonium montmorillonite is between about 2.5 and about 5.5 pounds per gallon of said liquid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
50 words
The composition of claim 12 wherein the liquids comprise between about 5% and about 95% organic liquid and between about 5% and about 95% liquid hydrocarbon, by volume, and wherein the ratio of said clay:organic ammonium montrmorillonite is about directly proportional to the ratio of said organic liquid:liquid hydrocarbon, respectively.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 including substituting between about 5 and about 45% of said clay with sodium montmorillonite.
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-11-01 | 1992-05-02 | 1992-11-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-11-01 | 1996-05-02 | 1996-11-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
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