US4773936A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Insoluble pigments and preparation thereof
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1986-06-20
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Granted: 1988-09-27
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Expires: 2006-06-20
Abstract
Abstract A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water-insoluble inorganic substrate exhibiting anion exchange properties, a water-soluble dye, and an anionic amphipathic material is disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Howard W. Clark
- 👤 Tracy E. Chapman
- 👤 Ronald L. Yates
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 08:04
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09B; C09B67/00; C09B67/006; C09B67/0061; C09B63/00; C09B69/00; C09B69/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
23 words
A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water-insoluble inorganic substrate exhibiting anion exchange properties, a water-soluble dye, and an anionic amphipathic material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
23 words
A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water-insoluble inorganic substrate exhibiting anion exchange properties, a water-soluble dye, and an anionic amphipathic material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of an oxide, a hydrous oxide and a hydroxide of metal elements.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The pigment of claim 2 wherein the metal elements of the substrate are selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, and magnesium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pigment of claim 3 wherein the metal elements of the substrate are aluminum and titanium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
79 words
The pigment of claim 3 wherein the substrate has the formula: [Al.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 O where A -1 , A -2 , A -3 and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=3 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
79 words
The pigment of claim 3 wherein the substrate has the formula: [Mg.sub.1-x Al.sub.x O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 O where A -1 , A -2 , A -3 and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=2 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
75 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of halides, hydroxides, nitrates, phosphates, hydrogen carbonates, hydrogen sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -2 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -3 is one or more anions consisting of phosphates; and A -4 is one or more anions consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diphosphates, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is selected from the group consisting of Cl -1 , Br -1 , F -1 , I -1 , H 2 PO 4 -1 and mixtures thereof and e, f, and g are 0.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -2 is selected from the group consisting of SO 4 -2 , CO 3 -2 , HPO 4 -2 mixtures thereof and d, f, and g are 0.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is Cl -1 , A -2 is SO 4 -2 and f and g are 0.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the dye is an anionic dye.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 10 wherein the dye is a sulfonated dye.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 10 wherein the dye is a FD&C dye.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 10 wherein the dye is a D&C dye.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
38 words
The pigment of claim 12 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of FD&C Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Green No. 3, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 6 and mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
29 words
The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of D&C Green No. 8, Yellow No. 7, Yellow No. 10 and mixtures thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 14 wherein the dye is FD&C Green No. 3.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 15 wherein the dye is D&C Green No 8.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
8 words
A soap containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
28 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the anionic amphipathic material is selected from the group consisting of an organic fatty acid and salts thereof and sulfonated organic compounds.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
24 words
A method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising contacting together an inorganic water-insoluble anion exchnnge material, a water-soluble dye, and an anionic amphipathic material.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
24 words
A method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising contacting together an inorganic water-insoluble anion exchnnge material, a water-soluble dye, and an anionic amphipathic material.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
43 words
The method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising: (a) providing an inorganic water-insoluble anion exchange material in an aqueous medium; (b) contacting the anion exchange material with a water-soluble dye; and (c) contacting the product of step (b) with an anionic amphipathic material.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
43 words
The method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising: (a) providing an inorganic water-insoluble anion exchange material in an aqueous medium; (b) contacting the anion exchange material with a water-soluble dye; and (c) contacting the product of step (b) with an anionic amphipathic material.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
9 words
A pigment produced by the method of claim 21.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
9 words
A pigment produced by the method of claim 22.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
9 words
A thermoplastic resin containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
9 words
A thermoset resin containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
8 words
A food containing the pigment of claim 4.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the complex also comprises a water-soluble polymer.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
14 words
The pigment of claim 28 wherein said water-soluble polymer is a modified suspending agent.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 29 wherein said modified suspending agent is a cellulose.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 21 wherein a water-soluble polymer is also contacted.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 22 wherein said method further comprises (d) contacting the anion exchange material with a water-soluble polymer.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-09-27 | 1992-03-28 | 1992-09-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-09-27 | 1996-03-28 | 1996-09-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-03-28 | 2000-09-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |