US4773790A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Groundcovering element, especially (concrete) slab
Assignee: SF-VOLLVERBUNDSTEIN - KOOPERATION OF BREMEN WEST GERMANY GmbH
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Filing: 1986-06-04
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Granted: 1988-09-27
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Expires: 2006-06-04
Abstract
Abstract Known groundcovering elements (44) consist of three basic shaped slabs which are connected to form a unit and which are delimited from one another by at least two dummy joints (stem dummy joint 74 and middle dummy joint 81), the peripheral surface having projections (67, 68, 79) and depressions (69, 70, 80) along an (imaginary) base line to form a toothing. To improve the stability and laying of such groundcovering elements (44), it is proposed to make these T-shaped by means of a half-size stem (13) formed approximately centrally on an elongate crossbar (12). When rhombi (45-47) are used as the basic shaped slab, the groundcovering element (44) has the form of an inclined "T".
Inventors
- 👤 Gerhard Hagenah
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 05:13
CPC Classifications
E; E01; E01C; E01C5/00; E01C5/06; E01C2201/00; E01C2201/16; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A30/00; Y02A30/60
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
251 words
A concrete groundcovering element (10, 44), comprising: at least three basic identically shaped slabs which are connected to one another to form a T-shaped unit composed of: a longitudinal crossbar (12) formed by two equiaxially arranged ones of said three basic shaped slabs; and a stem (13) arranged approximately centrally transversely relative to said crossbar (12), and including a third one of said three basic shaped slabs; and at least two dummy joints which delimit said three basic shaped slabs from one another, and comprising: a longitudinal dummy stem joint (17, 74) which extends between the step (13) and crossbar (12) and connects longitudinal side portions (18, 19) of the crossbar (12) to one another; and a middle dummy joint (14, 81), passing approximately centrally through the crossbar (12), and extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crossbar (12); and wherein: said T-shaped unit has eight corners (26-33); each of said basic shaped slabs has peripheral faces composed of slab edge portions (35, 36) which are of only two different lengths and which define projections (37, 67, 68, 79) and depressions (38, 69 79, 80) forming a toothing; short ones (35) of said edge portions adjoin said corners (26-33), have approximately half the length of longer ones (36) of said edge portions located between the short ones, and include a right angle between them; and each of said longer edge portions (36) forms the same obtuse angle with adjoining short edge portions (35) and with adjoining longer edge portions (36).
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
251 words
A concrete groundcovering element (10, 44), comprising: at least three basic identically shaped slabs which are connected to one another to form a T-shaped unit composed of: a longitudinal crossbar (12) formed by two equiaxially arranged ones of said three basic shaped slabs; and a stem (13) arranged approximately centrally transversely relative to said crossbar (12), and including a third one of said three basic shaped slabs; and at least two dummy joints which delimit said three basic shaped slabs from one another, and comprising: a longitudinal dummy stem joint (17, 74) which extends between the step (13) and crossbar (12) and connects longitudinal side portions (18, 19) of the crossbar (12) to one another; and a middle dummy joint (14, 81), passing approximately centrally through the crossbar (12), and extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crossbar (12); and wherein: said T-shaped unit has eight corners (26-33); each of said basic shaped slabs has peripheral faces composed of slab edge portions (35, 36) which are of only two different lengths and which define projections (37, 67, 68, 79) and depressions (38, 69 79, 80) forming a toothing; short ones (35) of said edge portions adjoin said corners (26-33), have approximately half the length of longer ones (36) of said edge portions located between the short ones, and include a right angle between them; and each of said longer edge portions (36) forms the same obtuse angle with adjoining short edge portions (35) and with adjoining longer edge portions (36).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
71 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the basic slabs are three basic squares (11, 24, 25) of equal size, which are arranged in a T-shaped formation having peripheral sides which meet at, and coincide with, the corners (26-33) of the peripheral faces, the projections (37) and the depressions (38) extending alternately on said peripheral sides of the squares (11, 24, 25) in a zigzag-shaped, corrugated or meander-shaped manner.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
40 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 1, wherein said T-shaped unit has longitudinal side faces (20, 21) which extend in the longitudinal direction of the crossbar (12) and which have an odd number of said longer edge portions (36).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle dummy joint (14) extends parallel to transverse peripheral faces of said slabs, and the stem dummy joint (17) extends parallel to longitudinal peripheral faces of said slabs.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
59 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 4, wherein all the opposing longitudinal peripheral faces (20, 21) and longitudinal side portions (18, 19) extend parallel to the stem dummy joint (17) on the one hand, and the transverse side faces (15, 16, 22, 23) and the middle dummy joint 14), on the other hand, extend parallel to one another.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three basic shaped slabs are rhombi (45, 46, 47) of equal size which are arranged in an inclined T-shaped formation in such a way that they produce an inclined "T".
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 6, wherein the amount of inclination of each rhombus (45, 56, 47) corresponds approximately to half the side length of each rhomobus.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
36 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the toothing formed by the depressions (69, 70, 80) and projections (67, 68, 79) extends in opposite directions on peripheral faces located opposite one another.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
156 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 8, wherein all tips (58) of the projections (67, 68, 79) of the inclined T-shaped formation are location on a common auxiliary outer inclined T-shaped formation, and all the vertices (57) of the depressions (69, 70, 80) are located on a common auxiliary inner inclined T-shaped formation, said outer inclined T-shaped formation being formed by three outer auxiliary rhombi on each of which are located the tips (58) of a respective one of said three basic shaped slabs, said inner inclined T-shaped formation being formed by three inner auxiliary rhombi on each of which are located the vertices (57) of a respective one of said three basic shaped slabs, and wherein, for each basic shaped slab, the diagonals of the basic rhombus (45-47), auxiliary inner rhombus (55) and auxiliary outer rhombus (56) all intersect approximately at a common center point (59, 60, 61) of said each basic shaped slab.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
79 words
A groundcovering element as claimed in claim 7, wherein the longitudinal side faces (63, 68) and the stem dummy joint (74) are each formed from a trapezoidal and a triangular projection (67, 68), succeeding one another alternately, and corresponding depressions (69, 70), these each having a longer and a shorter edge portion (50, 51), and the shorter edge portions (50) extending parallel to one another are inclined to a greater extent than the likewise parallel longer edge portions (51).
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-09-27 | 1992-03-28 | 1992-09-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-09-27 | 1996-03-28 | 1996-09-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-03-28 | 2000-09-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |