US4757540A
Expired / Lapsed
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Method for audio editing
Assignee: Raytheon Co
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Filing: 1983-10-24
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Granted: 1988-07-12
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Expires: 2003-10-24
Abstract
Abstract A method for determining an acceptacle splice point is provided to facilitate splicing of a first segment of an audio signal to a second segment thereof. According to the method, an audio signal is converted into a sequence of samples and first and second edit points are selected along the sequence. The first edit point represents a nominal ending point of the first audio segment, and the second edit point represents a nominal starting point of the second audio segment. According to the method, a plurality of samples in a correlation window following the first edit point are weighted and correlated with a plurality of weighted samples in a correlation window following the second edit point for each position of the second edit point. The position of the second edit point is then shifted to the next sample in the sequence. After the correlation is calculated for each position of the second edit point, the location of an acceptable splice point can be determined. Specifically, if an average magnitude difference function (AMDF) is utilized for the correlation, the position of an acceptable splice point is that position of the second edit point which produces a minimum AMDF. However, if a cross correlation function (CCF) is utilized for the correlation, the position of an acceptable splice point is that position of the second edit point which produces a maximum CCF.
Inventors
- 👤 Neil R. Davis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 15:30
CPC Classifications
G; G11; G11B; G11B27/00; G11B27/02; G11B27/031; G10; G10L; G10L21/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
335 words
A method for audio editing using a digital processing system including a central processing unit, an input device and an output device, comprising the steps of: (a) converting an audio signal received from the input device into a sequence of digital samples; (b) selecting first and second edit points along said sequence, said first edit point representing a nominal ending point of a first audio segment, said second edit point representing a nominal starting point of a second audio segment; (c) equating an acceptable splice point with the nominal starting point of said second audio segment; (d) initializing an average magnitude difference function (AMDF) correlation variable to a first value; (e) selecting a plurality of samples following said first and second edit points to define first and second correlation windows, respectively, following said first and second edit points; (f) assigning varying weights to said plurality, of samples in each of said first and second correlation windows according to the positions of the samples within the correlation window; (g) correlating the plurality of samples in the first correlation window following said first edit point with the plurality of samples in the second correlation window following said second edit point to produce a second value of the AMDF correlation variable; (h) determining whether the second value of the AMDF correlation variable is smaller than the first value of the AMDF correlation variable; (i) if the second value of the AMDF correlation variable is smaller than the first value of the AMDF correlation variable, equating said acceptable splice point with the position of the second edit point used during step (g), and equating the second value of the AMDF correlation variable with the first value of tne ADMF correLation variable; (j) shifting the position of said second edit point to the next sample in said sequence; (k) repeating steps (e)-(i) for a predetermined number of positions of said second edit point; and (l) splicing said acceptable splice point to said nominal ending point of said first audio segment.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
335 words
A method for audio editing using a digital processing system including a central processing unit, an input device and an output device, comprising the steps of: (a) converting an audio signal received from the input device into a sequence of digital samples; (b) selecting first and second edit points along said sequence, said first edit point representing a nominal ending point of a first audio segment, said second edit point representing a nominal starting point of a second audio segment; (c) equating an acceptable splice point with the nominal starting point of said second audio segment; (d) initializing an average magnitude difference function (AMDF) correlation variable to a first value; (e) selecting a plurality of samples following said first and second edit points to define first and second correlation windows, respectively, following said first and second edit points; (f) assigning varying weights to said plurality, of samples in each of said first and second correlation windows according to the positions of the samples within the correlation window; (g) correlating the plurality of samples in the first correlation window following said first edit point with the plurality of samples in the second correlation window following said second edit point to produce a second value of the AMDF correlation variable; (h) determining whether the second value of the AMDF correlation variable is smaller than the first value of the AMDF correlation variable; (i) if the second value of the AMDF correlation variable is smaller than the first value of the AMDF correlation variable, equating said acceptable splice point with the position of the second edit point used during step (g), and equating the second value of the AMDF correlation variable with the first value of tne ADMF correLation variable; (j) shifting the position of said second edit point to the next sample in said sequence; (k) repeating steps (e)-(i) for a predetermined number of positions of said second edit point; and (l) splicing said acceptable splice point to said nominal ending point of said first audio segment.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
51 words
The method for audio editing as described in claim 1 wherein the samples in said first and second correlation windows closest to said first and second edit points are assigned greater weights than the samples located in said first and second correlation windows away from said first and second edit points.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method for audio editing as described in claim 1 wherein the step of correlating further includes the steps of: (m) differencing a magnitude of a first sample in said first correlation window following said first edit point with a magnitude of a first sample in said second correlation window following said second edit point;and (n) determining an absolute value of this difference.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
50 words
The method for audio editing as described in claim 3 further including the steps of: (o) repeating the steps (m) and (n) for corresponding samples in said first and second correlation windows; and (p) summing each of said absolute values to produce said second value of the AMDF correlation variable.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
334 words
A method for audio editing using a digital processing system including a central processing unit, an input device and an output device, comprising the steps of: (a) converting an audio signal received from the input device into a sequence of digital samples; (b) selecting first and second edit points along said sequence, said first edit point representing a nominal ending point of a first audio segment, said second edit point representing a nominal starting point of a second audio segment; (c) equating an acceptable splice point with the nominal starting point of said second audio segment; (d) initializing a cross correlation function (CCF) correlation variable to a first value; (e) selecting a plurality of samples following said first and second edit points to define first and second correlation windows, respectively, following said first and second edit points; (f) assigning varying weights to said plurality of samples in each of said first and second correlation windows according to the positions of the samples within the correlation window; (g) correlating the plurality of samples in the first correlation window following said first edit point with the plurality of samples in the second correlation window following said second edit point to produce a second value of the CCF correlation variable; (h) determining whether the second value of the CCF correlation variable is larger than the first value of the CCF correlation variable; (i) if the second value of the CCF correlation variable is larger than the first value of the CCF correlation variable, equating said acceptable splice point with the position of the second edit point used during step g), and equating the second value of the CCF correlation variable with the first value of the CCF correlation variable; (j) shifting the position of said second edit point to the next sample in said sequence; (k) repeating steps (e)-(i) for a predetermined number of positions of said second edit point; and (l) splicing said acceptable splice point to said nominal ending point of said first audio segment.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
334 words
A method for audio editing using a digital processing system including a central processing unit, an input device and an output device, comprising the steps of: (a) converting an audio signal received from the input device into a sequence of digital samples; (b) selecting first and second edit points along said sequence, said first edit point representing a nominal ending point of a first audio segment, said second edit point representing a nominal starting point of a second audio segment; (c) equating an acceptable splice point with the nominal starting point of said second audio segment; (d) initializing a cross correlation function (CCF) correlation variable to a first value; (e) selecting a plurality of samples following said first and second edit points to define first and second correlation windows, respectively, following said first and second edit points; (f) assigning varying weights to said plurality of samples in each of said first and second correlation windows according to the positions of the samples within the correlation window; (g) correlating the plurality of samples in the first correlation window following said first edit point with the plurality of samples in the second correlation window following said second edit point to produce a second value of the CCF correlation variable; (h) determining whether the second value of the CCF correlation variable is larger than the first value of the CCF correlation variable; (i) if the second value of the CCF correlation variable is larger than the first value of the CCF correlation variable, equating said acceptable splice point with the position of the second edit point used during step g), and equating the second value of the CCF correlation variable with the first value of the CCF correlation variable; (j) shifting the position of said second edit point to the next sample in said sequence; (k) repeating steps (e)-(i) for a predetermined number of positions of said second edit point; and (l) splicing said acceptable splice point to said nominal ending point of said first audio segment.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
60 words
The method for audio editing as described in claim 5 wherein the step of correlating further includes the step of: (m) multiplying a magnitude of a first sample in said first correlation window following said first edit point with a magnitude of a first sample in said second correlation window following said second edit point to produce a product value.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method for audio editing as described in claim 6 further including the step of: (n) repeating step (m) for corresponding samples in said first and second correlation windows; and (o) summing each of said product values to produce said second value of the CCF correlation variable.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
51 words
The method for audio editing as described in claim 5 wherein the samples in said first and second correlation windows closest to said first and second edit points are assigned greater weights than the samples located in said first and second correlation windows away from said first and second edit points.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-07-12 | 1992-01-11 | 1992-07-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-07-12 | 1996-01-11 | 1996-07-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-07-12 | 2000-01-11 | 2000-07-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |