US4757036A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Microcrystalline transition metal oxide spinel articles
Assignee: 3M Co
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Filing: 1987-09-14
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Granted: 1988-07-12
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Expires: 2007-09-14
Abstract
Abstract Homogeneous, nonporous ceramic fibers containing at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystaline transition metal oxide spinel phase. The ceramic fibers may be used in polymeric, ceramic and metallic composites. Said ceramic spinel is produced by dispersing soluble inorganic and transition metal compounds in an aqueous mixture, concentrating to produce a viscous concentrate, shaping into the desired article, gelling the shaped article, and heating to produce the transition metal spinel article. Beads, bubbles, flakes, microspheres, films and granules may be made as well as fibers.
Inventors
- 👤 David R. Kaar
- 👤 Harold G. Sowman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 07:06
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/622; C04B35/62227; C04B35/62231; C04B35/62236; C03; C03C; C03C1/00; C03C1/006; C03C10/00; C03C10/0009; C03C10/0081; C04B35/01; C04B35/26; C04B35/42; C04B35/44; C04B35/71; C04B35/78; C04B35/80; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/14; C09K3/1409; C01; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/04; C01P2002/30; C01P2002/32; C01P2002/50; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/10; C01P2004/30; C01P2004/32; C01P2004/34; C01P2004/50; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/12; C01P2006/60; C01P2006/80; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S264/00; Y10S264/19
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
34 words
A ceramic fiber consisting essentially of at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystalline, transition metal oxide spinel phase, said fiber being homogeneous and non-porous and having a surfce area of less than 1 m 2 /g.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
34 words
A ceramic fiber consisting essentially of at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystalline, transition metal oxide spinel phase, said fiber being homogeneous and non-porous and having a surfce area of less than 1 m 2 /g.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
41 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 1 wherein said transition metal oxide spinel has the formula M 1 (M 2 ) 2 O 4 wherein M 1 is a divalent transition metal ion and M 2 is a trivalent metal ion.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 2 wherein M 1 is at least one of cobalt, iron, or nickel and M 2 is at least one of aluminum, iron or chromium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 3 wherein M 1 is nickel and M 2 is aluminum.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
65 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 1 comprising in the range of 20 to 80 weight percent Al 2 O 3 , 0 to 65 weight percent SiO 2 , 0 to 20 weight percent boria, 1 to 45 weight percent NiO, and 1 to 25 weight percent other transition metal oxides or combination of transition metal oxides wherein the metal is cobalt or iron.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
10 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 1 which is fired.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 1 which is transparent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 1 which is made into a fabric, mat, or batting.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 1 which is transparent or translucent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
70 words
A ceramic fiber consisting essentially of at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystalline, transition metal oxide spinel pahse and at least one inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, boria, phosphorus oxide, beryllia, zirconia, titania, silica, and other metal oxide which will not interfere with the formation or integrity of the spinel, said fiber being homogeneous and non-porous and having a surface area of less than 1 m 2 /g.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
70 words
A ceramic fiber consisting essentially of at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystalline, transition metal oxide spinel pahse and at least one inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, boria, phosphorus oxide, beryllia, zirconia, titania, silica, and other metal oxide which will not interfere with the formation or integrity of the spinel, said fiber being homogeneous and non-porous and having a surface area of less than 1 m 2 /g.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
34 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 10 comprising in the range of 30 to 100 weight percent of said spinel phase and 70 to 0 weight percent of said at least one inorganic oxide.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
The ceramic fiber according to claim 11 comprising in the range of 50 to 75 weight percent of said spinel phase and 50 to 25 weight percent of said at least one inorganic oxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
122 words
A process for making a refractory spinel shaped article comprising the steps: a. providing an aqueous mixture containing soluble inorganic and transition metal salts, oxides, sols, dispersible colloids, or mixtures thereof, b. concentrating said mixture to a viscous concentrate, c. shaping the resulting viscous concentrate into a desired formed article, d. dehydratively gelling the formed article to provide a green non-refractory shaped article, and e. heating and firing the green shaped article in a temperature range of 820° to 1000° C. to provide said refractory spinel article; said refractory shaped article being a ceramic bead, bubble, flake, microsphere, film, granule, or continuous fiber consisting essentially of at least one microcrystalline transition metal oxide spinel phase, and said article being homogenous and non-porous.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
122 words
A process for making a refractory spinel shaped article comprising the steps: a. providing an aqueous mixture containing soluble inorganic and transition metal salts, oxides, sols, dispersible colloids, or mixtures thereof, b. concentrating said mixture to a viscous concentrate, c. shaping the resulting viscous concentrate into a desired formed article, d. dehydratively gelling the formed article to provide a green non-refractory shaped article, and e. heating and firing the green shaped article in a temperature range of 820° to 1000° C. to provide said refractory spinel article; said refractory shaped article being a ceramic bead, bubble, flake, microsphere, film, granule, or continuous fiber consisting essentially of at least one microcrystalline transition metal oxide spinel phase, and said article being homogenous and non-porous.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
48 words
The process according to claim 13 wherein said refractory shaped article further comprises at least one inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, boria, phosphorous oxide, beryllia, zirconia, titania, silica, and other metal oxide which will not interfere with the formation or integrity of the spinel.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
A continuous fiber prepared according to the process of claim 15 and having a surface area of less than 1 m 2 /g
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
50 words
A composite article comprising a polymeric, metallic, or ceramic component and at least one ceramic fiber component, said fiber consisting essentially of at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystalline, transition metal oxide spinel phase, said fiber being homogeneous and non-porous and having a surface area of less than 1 m 2 /g.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
50 words
A composite article comprising a polymeric, metallic, or ceramic component and at least one ceramic fiber component, said fiber consisting essentially of at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystalline, transition metal oxide spinel phase, said fiber being homogeneous and non-porous and having a surface area of less than 1 m 2 /g.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
86 words
A composite article comprising a polymeric, metallic, or ceramic component and at least one ceramic fiber component, said fiber consisting essentially of at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystalline, transistion metal oxide spinel phase, and at least one inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, boria, phosphorus oxide, beryllia, zirconia, titania, silica, and other metal oxide which will not interfere with the formation or integrity of the spinel, said fiber being homogenous and non-porous and having a surface area of less than 1 m 2 /g.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
86 words
A composite article comprising a polymeric, metallic, or ceramic component and at least one ceramic fiber component, said fiber consisting essentially of at least one magnetically-unaligned, microcrystalline, transistion metal oxide spinel phase, and at least one inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina, boria, phosphorus oxide, beryllia, zirconia, titania, silica, and other metal oxide which will not interfere with the formation or integrity of the spinel, said fiber being homogenous and non-porous and having a surface area of less than 1 m 2 /g.
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-07-12 | 1992-01-11 | 1992-07-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-07-12 | 1996-01-11 | 1996-07-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-07-12 | 2000-01-11 | 2000-07-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |