US4755397A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Starch based particulate encapsulation process
Assignee: Ingredion Inc
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Filing: 1986-12-24
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Granted: 1988-07-05
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Expires: 2006-12-24
Abstract
Abstract A wide range of materials may be encapsulated in a starch matrix by combining the material with a high temperature-stabilized pressurized dispersion of starch in the presence of salt. The temperature-stabilized starch dispersion acts as a protective colloid; upon subsequent rapid reduction of the pressure, the mixture cools and the starch polymer chains collapse upon themselves, encapsulating the core material in particulate form.
Inventors
- 👤 James Eden
- 👤 Ralph Trksak
- 👤 Robert Williams
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 04:59
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/08; A; A61; A61K; A61K9/00; A61K9/14; A61K9/16; A61K9/1605; A61K9/1629; A61K9/1652; A61K9/48; A61K9/50; A61K9/5005; A61K9/5021; A61K9/5036; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2984; Y10T428/2989
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A process for the encapsulation of materials in a particulate form starch matrix comprising the steps of: (1) slurrying the starch and the material to be encapsulated in a saturated aqueous solution of salt; (2) thoroughly dispersing the starch in the presence of the salt by injecting steam at a pressure of at least 110 psi into the slurry to raise its temperature to 120° to 180° C. at a pressure of 55-120 psi or above; (3) instantly reducing the pressure developed during step 2 to atmospheric pressure so as to reduce the temperature to 112° C. or less; and (4) recovering the precipitated encapsulated material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
106 words
A process for the encapsulation of materials in a particulate form starch matrix comprising the steps of: (1) slurrying the starch and the material to be encapsulated in a saturated aqueous solution of salt; (2) thoroughly dispersing the starch in the presence of the salt by injecting steam at a pressure of at least 110 psi into the slurry to raise its temperature to 120° to 180° C. at a pressure of 55-120 psi or above; (3) instantly reducing the pressure developed during step 2 to atmospheric pressure so as to reduce the temperature to 112° C. or less; and (4) recovering the precipitated encapsulated material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
75 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the material to be encapsulated is selected from the group consisting of flavoring oils; pigments; metallic powders; latices; oils; plasticizers; herbicides, insecticides; fungicides; nematocides; bacteriocides; rodenticides; molluscicides; acaricides; larvacides; fumigants; animal repellants; insect repellants; plant growth regulators; fertilizers; pheromones; odor producing compositions; catalysts; adhesives; pressure sensitive color formers; electrostatographic toners; pressure rupturable lubricants; antifoulants; phase change materials; fire extinguishers; corrosion inhibitors; defoamers; sizing agents; thickeners; unsaturated fats and acidulants.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein up to 50% of the starch is replaced by a water soluble hydrocolloid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the water soluble hydrocolloid is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid and polyvinyl pyrrolididone.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the starch employed contains more than 50% amylose.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 1 wherein a salt selected from the group consisting of ammonium sulfate, ammonium monobasic or dibasic phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate and mixtures thereof is present in the starch slurry.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the starch contains less than 50% amylose.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the salt is ammonium sulfate or ammonium phosphate and the pH of the slurry is adjusted to a pH of 8 or below.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the salt is magnesium sulfate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-07-05 | 1992-01-04 | 1992-07-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-07-05 | 1996-01-04 | 1996-07-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-07-05 | 2000-01-04 | 2000-07-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |