US4752341A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Pigment system for paper
Assignee: PQ Corp
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Filing: 1987-06-01
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Granted: 1988-06-21
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Expires: 2007-06-01
Abstract
Abstract Zeolite of a small controlled particle size has been found to be a pigment component to be used with TiO 2 in papermaking. Zeolite A wherein the sodium has been at least partially replaced with calcium and/or hydronium ion is widely useful with TiO 2 in papermaking.
Inventors
- 👤 Steven L. Rock
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 00:23
CPC Classifications
D; D21; D21H; D21H17/00; D21H17/63; D21H17/67; D21H17/675; D21H17/68
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
31 words
A pigment system for paper comprising: titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and zeolite of less than 3 micron average particle size and an average crystal size of less than 1 micron.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
31 words
A pigment system for paper comprising: titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and zeolite of less than 3 micron average particle size and an average crystal size of less than 1 micron.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The pigment system of claim 1 wherein there is 10 to 90% by weight of the TiO 2 and 90 to 10% by weight of the zeolite.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The pigment system of claim 1 wherein the zeolite has an average particle size of 1.5 to 2.5 microns and an average crystal size of 0.2 to 0.8 microns.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The pigment system of claim 2 wherein the zeolite is Zeolite A which has an average particle size of 1.5 to 2.5 microns and an average crystal size of 0.2 to 0.8 microns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The pigment system of claim 1 wherein the zeolite has the following composition: Zeolite (Ca.sub.x Na.sub.12-x/2)A zH.sub.2 O wherein x can be up to about 4.8 and z can be 20 to 27.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The pigment system of claim 2 wherein the zeolite has the following composition: Zeolite (Ca.sub.x Na.sub.12-x/2)A zH.sub.2 O wherein x can be about 0.3 to 3.6 and z can be 20 to 27.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
33 words
The pigment system of claim 3 wherein the zeolite has the following composition: Zeolite (Ca.sub.x Na.sub.12-x/2)A zH.sub.2 O wherein x can be about 0.3 to 3.6 and z can be 20 to 27.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
The pigment system of claim 4 wherein the zeolite has the following composition: Zeolite (Ca.sub.x Na.sub.12-x/2)A zH.sub.2 O wherein x can be about 0.3 to 3.6 and z can be 20 to 27.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
The pigment system of claim 1 wherein the zeolite has the following composition: Zeolite [Ca.sub.x Na.sub.12-(x/2+y) Hy] zH.sub.2 O wherein x can be 0 to about 4.8, y is about 0.6 to 2.5 and z is 20 to 27.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
39 words
The pigment system of claim 2 wherein the zeolite has the following composition: Zeolite [Ca.sub.x Na.sub.12-(x/2+y) Hy] zH.sub.2 O wherein x can be 0 to about 4.8, y is about 0.6 to 2.5 and z is 20 to 27.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
The pigment system of claim 3 wherein the zeolite has the following composition: Zeolite [Ca.sub.x Na.sub.12-(x/2+y) Hy] zH.sub.2 O wherein x can be 0 to about 4.8, y is about 0.6 to 2.5 and z is 20 to 27.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
39 words
The pigment system of claim 4 wherein the zeolite has the following composition: Zeolite [Ca.sub.x Na.sub.12-(x/2+y) Hy] zH.sub.2 O wherein x can be 0 to about 4.8, y is about 0.6 to 2.5 and z is 20 to 27.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-06-21 | 1991-12-21 | 1992-06-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-06-21 | 1995-12-21 | 1996-06-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-06-21 | 1999-12-21 | 2000-06-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |