US4750496A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for measuring blood glucose concentration
Assignee: PHARMACONTROL CORP A CORP OF NEW JERSEY
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Filing: 1987-01-28
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Granted: 1988-06-14
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Expires: 2007-01-28
Abstract
Abstract A non-invasive method for measuring blood glucose concentration using glucose present at the mucosal surface of a living being is provided. The method includes the steps of positioning a glucose oxidase membrane on the mucosal surface, providing oxygen for peroxidative oxidation of the glucose present thereat, electrically measuring the amount of hydrogen peroxide product and calibrating that amount to determine blood glucose concentration. Also provided are electrode devices suitable for carrying out the method.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard Reinhart
- 👤 Fred Letterio
- 👤 Peter Pugliese
- 👤 Carl Ritter
- 👤 Glenn Lubrano
- 👤 Jerry Guilbault
- 👤 Christopher Feistel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 08:37
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/145; A61B5/1468; A61B5/1486; A61B5/68; A61B5/6801; A61B5/6813; A61B5/6814; A61B5/682; C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/005; C12Q1/006; C12Q1/26; G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/66
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 44
Claim 1
Independent Claim
115 words
An apparatus suitable for use in measuring blood glucose concentration in a living being using glucose which is present at the buccal mucosal surface of said being, said apparatus comprising: membrane means for containing glucose oxidase enzyme; means for positioning the said membrane means against said buccal mucosal surface; means for providing oxygen for said membrane means, said provided oxygen used for peroxidative oxidation of said glucose when said membrane means is positioned against said mucosal surface, said oxidation yielding hydrogen peroxide as a product; and means for measuring in said membrane means changes in the concentration of at least one compound selected from the group including said provided oxygen and said hydrogen peroxide product.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
115 words
An apparatus suitable for use in measuring blood glucose concentration in a living being using glucose which is present at the buccal mucosal surface of said being, said apparatus comprising: membrane means for containing glucose oxidase enzyme; means for positioning the said membrane means against said buccal mucosal surface; means for providing oxygen for said membrane means, said provided oxygen used for peroxidative oxidation of said glucose when said membrane means is positioned against said mucosal surface, said oxidation yielding hydrogen peroxide as a product; and means for measuring in said membrane means changes in the concentration of at least one compound selected from the group including said provided oxygen and said hydrogen peroxide product.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said measuring means comprises electrode means for generating a signal proportional to changes in the concentration of said at least one compound.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said electrode means includes wire means for transmitting said signal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
42 words
The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said positioning means comprises a handle member, a holder member connected to said handle member and cap member connected to said holder member, said membrane means being stretchingly fit across the face of said cap member.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 4, further including a first wire pathway disposed in said handle member and a second wire pathway disposed in said holder member, and wherein said wire means is housed within said first and second wire pathways.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said holder member includes a pillar extending opposite from said handle member when said holder member is connected to said handle member, said pillar including said second wire pathway.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said cap member includes a central cutout, and wherein said pillar of said holder member projects through said cutout when said cap member is connected to said holder member.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said pillar extends beyond said cap member when said cap member is connected to said holder member, said pillar including a face which abuts against said membrane means stretchingly fit over said cap member, whereby said wire means contacts said membrane means at said face for transmitting said signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said electrode means comprises an anode member and a cathode member.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said electrode means further comprises an electrical grounding member.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
48 words
The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said positioning means comprises a handle member, a stem member connected to said handle member, a base member connected to said stem member and a probe member supported by said base member, said membrane means being coveringly fit over said probe member.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus of claim 11, wherein positioning means further includes a ridge member extending laterally from said stem member.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said probe member includes said anode member and said cathode member.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said anode member is centrally positioned on the face of said probe member and projects beyond said probe member so as to contact said membrane means.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said cathode member is positioned along the peripheral region of said probe member.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said membrane means comprises an outer layer, a central layer and an inner layer, said outer layer being in contact with said buccal mucosal surface when said membrane means is positioned against said surface.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
11 words
The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said outer layer comprises cellulose.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said outer layer comprises polycarbonate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said central layer includes said glucose oxidase enzyme.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said inner layer comprises cellulose acetate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said oxygen providing means comprises means for supplying excess oxygen to said membrane means.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 21, wherein said oxygen supplying means comprises means for conducting atmospheric air to said membrane means.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
43 words
The apparatus of claim 22, wherein said positioning means comprises a handle member, a holder member connected to said handle member and a cap member connected to said holder member, said membrane means being stretchingly fit across the face of said cap member.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
47 words
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein said conducting means includes a first pathway disposed in said handle member, a second pathway communicating with said first pathway and disposed in said holder member, and a third pathway communicating with said second pathway and disposed in said cap member.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 24, wherein said handle member includes means for detachably receiving said holder member.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus of claim 25, wherein said receiving means comprises a side arm.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said holder member comprises a plug portion received in said side arm, a disc portion and a central pillar extending from said disc portion opposite said plug portion.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
The apparatus of claim 27, wherein said plug portion includes a ridge and said side arm includes a groove for mating engagement with said ridge.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus of claim 27, wherein said cap member includes a central cutout, and wherein said pillar of said holder member projects through said cutout when said cap member is connected to said holder member.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
31 words
The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the diameter of said cutout is greater than the diameter of said pillar to form a chamber therebetween, said third air pathway comprising said chamber.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 24, wherein said second pathway disposed in said holder member comprises a plurality of air orifices.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus of claim 21, wherein said oxygen supplying means comprises means for conducting oxygen in the air of the mouth of said living being to said membrane means.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 32, wherein said positioning means comprises a probe member, said membrane means being stretchingly fit across the face of said probe member.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus of claim 33, wherein said membrane means is saturated with an electrolyte solution, said saturated membrane means comprising said oxygen conducting means.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
100 words
A method of measuring blood glucose concentration in a living being using glucose which is present at a mucosal surface located in an orifice of said being, said method comprising: positioning a membrane member against said mucosal surface, said membrane member including glucose oxidase enzyme; providing oxygen to said membrane member to enable peroxidative oxidation of said glucose, said oxidation producing hydrogen peroxide as a product; measuring the change in concentration of at least one compound selected from the group including said provided oxygen and said hydrogen peroxide product; and calibrating said measurement in order to determine blood glucose concentration.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
100 words
A method of measuring blood glucose concentration in a living being using glucose which is present at a mucosal surface located in an orifice of said being, said method comprising: positioning a membrane member against said mucosal surface, said membrane member including glucose oxidase enzyme; providing oxygen to said membrane member to enable peroxidative oxidation of said glucose, said oxidation producing hydrogen peroxide as a product; measuring the change in concentration of at least one compound selected from the group including said provided oxygen and said hydrogen peroxide product; and calibrating said measurement in order to determine blood glucose concentration.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 35, wherein said measuring step comprises measuring the amount of said hydrogen peroxide product.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 35, wherein said positioning step comprises positioning said membrane member against a buccal mucosal surface.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 35, wherein said providing oxygen step comprises supplying excess oxygen to said membrane member.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 38, wherein said providing oxygen step comprises conducting atmospheric air to said membrane member.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 38, wherein said providing step comprises conducting oxygen in the air of the mucosal orifice to said membrane member.
Claim 43
Independent Claim
112 words
An apparatus suitable for use in measuring blood glucose concentration in a living being using glucose which is present at a mucosal surface of said being, said apparatus comprising: membrane means for containing glucose oxidase enzyme; means for positioning said membrane means against said mucosal surface; means for providing oxygen for said membrane means, said provided oxygen used for peroxidative oxidation of said glucose when said membrane means is positioned against said mucosal surface, said oxidation yielding hydrogen peroxide as a product; and means for measuring in said membrane means changes in the concentration of at least one compound selected from the group including said provided oxygen and said hydrogen peroxide product.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
112 words
An apparatus suitable for use in measuring blood glucose concentration in a living being using glucose which is present at a mucosal surface of said being, said apparatus comprising: membrane means for containing glucose oxidase enzyme; means for positioning said membrane means against said mucosal surface; means for providing oxygen for said membrane means, said provided oxygen used for peroxidative oxidation of said glucose when said membrane means is positioned against said mucosal surface, said oxidation yielding hydrogen peroxide as a product; and means for measuring in said membrane means changes in the concentration of at least one compound selected from the group including said provided oxygen and said hydrogen peroxide product.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-06-14 | 1991-12-14 | 1992-06-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-06-14 | 1995-12-14 | 1996-06-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-06-14 | 1999-12-14 | 2000-06-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |