US4746420A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for upgrading diesel oils
Assignee: Rei Technologies Inc
•
Filing: 1986-02-24
•
Granted: 1988-05-24
•
Expires: 2006-02-24
Abstract
Abstract A process for upgrading diesel oil comprising the steps of: (1) reacting the diesel oil with a nitrogenous treating agent; (2) contacting the diesel oil from step (1) above with (a) a primary solvent selected from the group consisting of organic solvents having a dipole moment of about 1.3 or greater and mixtures thereof, with the proviso that alkyl amines and alkanol amines are excluded, or a water mixture of the primary solvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water and; (b) a cosolvent different from the primary solvent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aldehyde having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, a ketone having 3 carbon atoms, a carboxylic acid having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the cosolvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; wherein the primary solvent and cosolvent are each immiscible with the diesel oil or are in combination immiscible with the diesel oil, and (3) separating the diesel oil from step (2) above from the primary solvent and from the cosolvent to recover upgraded diesel fuel.
Inventors
- 👤 Saeed T. Darian
- 👤 Sayed-Hamid Arabshahi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 06:37
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G21/00; C10G21/02; C10G53/00; C10G53/02; C10G53/04; C10G53/10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/04; C10L1/08; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 102
Claim 1
Independent Claim
195 words
A process for upgrading diesel oil comprising the steps of: (1) reacting the diesel oil with a nitrogenous treating agent; (2) contacting the diesel oil from step (1) above with (a) a primary solvent selected from the group consisting of organic solvents having a dipole moment of about 1.3 or greater and mixtures thereof, with the proviso that alkyl amines and alkanol amines are excluded, or a water mixture of the primary solvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water and; (b) a cosolvent different from the primary solvent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aldehyde having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, a ketone having 3 carbon atoms, a carboxylic acid having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the cosolvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; wherein the primary solvent and the cosolvent are each immiscible with the diesel oil or are in combination immiscible with the diesel oil, and (3) separating the diesel oil from step (2) above from the primary solvent and from the cosolvent to recover upgraded diesel fuel with inproved cetane number.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
195 words
A process for upgrading diesel oil comprising the steps of: (1) reacting the diesel oil with a nitrogenous treating agent; (2) contacting the diesel oil from step (1) above with (a) a primary solvent selected from the group consisting of organic solvents having a dipole moment of about 1.3 or greater and mixtures thereof, with the proviso that alkyl amines and alkanol amines are excluded, or a water mixture of the primary solvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water and; (b) a cosolvent different from the primary solvent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aldehyde having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, a ketone having 3 carbon atoms, a carboxylic acid having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the cosolvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; wherein the primary solvent and the cosolvent are each immiscible with the diesel oil or are in combination immiscible with the diesel oil, and (3) separating the diesel oil from step (2) above from the primary solvent and from the cosolvent to recover upgraded diesel fuel with inproved cetane number.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
87 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is selected from the group consisting of (1) a gas comprising at least one nitrogen oxide with more than one oxygen atom for each nitrogen atom, (2) a liquid comprising at least one nitrogen oxide with more than one oxygen atom for each nitrogen atom, (3) a liquid comprising nitric acid containing from about 0 to 90% by weight water and (4) a liquid comprising nitrous acid containing from about 0 to about 90% by weight water.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said contacting step (1) is conducted in the presence of at least one acid selected from the group consisting of organic acids, inorganic acids and mixtures thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 3, wherein said organic acid is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and formic acid, and said inorganic acid is elected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process of claim 3, wherein said organic acid is present in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 0.15 parts by weight, and said inorganic acid is present in an amount of from about 0.002 to 0.15 parts by weight per weight part of said diesal oil.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is a gaseous or liquid nitrogenous oxide treating agent and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0001 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is nitric acid or nitrous acid and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0002 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 6, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is a gaseous or liquid nitrogenous oxide treating agent and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0003 to about 0.06 to said diesel oil.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 7, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is nitric acid or nitrous acid and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0005 to about 0.1 to said diesel oil.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of said primary solvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.01:1 to about 5:1 and the weight ratio of said cosolvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.01 to about 5:1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of said primary solvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.1:1 to about 0.5:1 and the weight ratio of said cosolvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.1:1 to about 0.5:1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent and said cosolvent are both simultaneously contacted with said diesel oil.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is first contacted with said diesel oil and, after extraction with the primary solvent, said cosolvent is contacted with the diesel oil.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is furfural or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is gamma-butyrolactone or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is dimethyl formamide or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is dimethyl acetamide or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is methyl carbitol or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is aniline or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is dimethyl sulfoxide or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is sulfolane or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is ethylene chlorohydrin or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is acetic anhydride or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is phenol or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is nitromethane or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is N-methyl pyrrolidone or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is sulfolene or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is methanol or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is acetonitrile or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is ethyl cyanoacetate or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said primary solvent is acetic acid or a water mixture thereof comprising about 50% by weight or less water.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said cosolvent is an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 33, wherein said alcohol is methanol.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 34, wherein said methanol is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 35, wherein said methanol is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said cosolvent is an aldehyde.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 37, wherein said aldehyde is acetaldehyde.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 38, wherein said acetaldehyde is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 39, wherein said acetaldehyde is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to 0.5 to said oil.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said cosolvent is acetone.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 41, wherein said acetone is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 42, wherein said acetone is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said cosolvent is acetic acid.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 44, wherein said acetic acid is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 45, wherein said acetic acid is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
53 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said process additionally comprises (4) blending the upgraded diesel fuel of step (3) with a diesel fuel which does not meet industrial specifications as to cetane number, sulfur content, Ramsbottom carbon, product stability and/or pour point, in an amount to produce a diesel fuel meeting said specifications.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
195 words
A process for upgrading diesel oil comprising the steps of: (1) reacting the diesel oil with a nitrogenous treating agent; (2) contacting the diesel oil from step (1) above with (a) a primary solvent selected from the group consisting of organic solvents having a dipole moment of about 1.3 or greater and containing at least one of the following functional groups: ##STR3## and mixtures thereof or a water mixture of the primary solvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; and (b) a cosolvent different from the primary solvent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aldehyde having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, a ketone having 3 carbon atoms, a carboxylic acid having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the cosolvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; wherein the primary solvent and the cosolvent are each immiscible with the diesel oil or are in combination immiscible with the diesel oil, and (3) separating the diesel oil from step (2) above from the primary solvent and from the cosolvent to recover upgraded diesel fuel with improved cetane number.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
195 words
A process for upgrading diesel oil comprising the steps of: (1) reacting the diesel oil with a nitrogenous treating agent; (2) contacting the diesel oil from step (1) above with (a) a primary solvent selected from the group consisting of organic solvents having a dipole moment of about 1.3 or greater and containing at least one of the following functional groups: ##STR3## and mixtures thereof or a water mixture of the primary solvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; and (b) a cosolvent different from the primary solvent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aldehyde having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, a ketone having 3 carbon atoms, a carboxylic acid having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the cosolvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; wherein the primary solvent and the cosolvent are each immiscible with the diesel oil or are in combination immiscible with the diesel oil, and (3) separating the diesel oil from step (2) above from the primary solvent and from the cosolvent to recover upgraded diesel fuel with improved cetane number.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
87 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is selected from the group consisting of (1) a gas comprising at least one nitrogen oxide with more than one oxygen atom for each nitrogen atom, (2) a liquid comprising at least one nitrogen oxide with more than one oxygen atom for each nitrogen atom, (3) a liquid comprising nitric acid containing from about 0 to 90% by weight water and (4) a liquid comprising nitrous acid containing from about 0 to about 90% by weight water.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said contacting step (1) is conducted in the presence of at least one acid selected from the group consisting of organic acids, inorganic acids and mixtures thereof.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said organic acid is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and formic acid, and said inorganic acid is elected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said organic acid is present in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 0.15 parts by weight, and said inorganic acid is present in an amount of from about 0.002 to 0.15 parts by weight per weight part of said diesel oil.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is a gaseous or liquid nitrogenous oxide treating agent and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0001 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is nitric acid or nitrous acid and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0002 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is a gaseous or liquid nitrogenous oxide treating agent and such is present in a weight ratio of about 0.0003 to about 0.06 to said diesel oil.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 54, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is a gaseous or liquid nitrogenous treating agent and such is present in a weight ratio of about 0.0005 to about 0.1 to said diesel oil.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 48, wherein the weight ratio of said primary solvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.01 to about 5:1 and the weight ratio of said cosolvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.01 to about 5:1.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 55, wherein the weight ratio of said primary solvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.1:1 to about 0.5:1 and the weight ratio of said cosolvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.1:1 to about 0.5:1.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said primary solvent and said cosolvent are both simultaneously contacted with said diesel oil.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said primary solvent is first contacted with said diesel oil and, after extraction with the primary solvent, said cosolvent is contacted with the diesel oil.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said cosolvent is an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 61, wherein said alcohol is methanol.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 62, wherein said methanol is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 63, wherein said methanol is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said cosolvent is an aldehyde.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 65, wherein said aldehyde is acetaldehyde.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 66, wherein said acetaldehyde is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 67, wherein said acetaldehyde is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 weight percent based on the weight of said diesel oil.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said cosolvent is acetone.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 69, wherein said acetone is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 70, wherein said acetone is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said cosolvent is acetic acid.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 72, wherein said acetic acid is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 73, wherein said acetic acid is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
53 words
The process of claim 48, wherein said process additionally comprises (4) blending the upgraded diesel fuel of step (3) with a diesel fuel, which does not meet industrial specifications as to cetane number, sulfur content, Ramsbottom carbon, product stability and/or pour point, in an amount to produce a diesel fuel meeting said specifications.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
201 words
A process for upgrading diesel oil comprising the steps of: (1) reacting the diesel oil with a nitrogenous treating agent; (2) contacting the diesel oil from step (1) above with (a) a primary solvent selected from the group consisting of furfural, butyrolactone, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, methyl carbitol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, aniline, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, ethylene chlorohydrin, acetic anhydride, phenol, nitromethane, N-methylpyrrolidone, sulfolene, methanol, acetonitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate, acetic acid and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the primary solvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water, and (b) a cosolvent different from the primary solvent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aldehyde having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, a ketone having 3 carbon atoms, a carboxylic acid having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the cosolvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; wherein the primary solvent and the cosolvent are each immiscible with the diesel oil or are in combination immisible with the diesel oil, and (3) separating the diesel oil from step (2) above from the primary solvent and from the cosolvent to recover upgraded diesel fuel with improved cetane number.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
201 words
A process for upgrading diesel oil comprising the steps of: (1) reacting the diesel oil with a nitrogenous treating agent; (2) contacting the diesel oil from step (1) above with (a) a primary solvent selected from the group consisting of furfural, butyrolactone, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, methyl carbitol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, aniline, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, ethylene chlorohydrin, acetic anhydride, phenol, nitromethane, N-methylpyrrolidone, sulfolene, methanol, acetonitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate, acetic acid and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the primary solvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water, and (b) a cosolvent different from the primary solvent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aldehyde having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, a ketone having 3 carbon atoms, a carboxylic acid having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, or a water mixture of the cosolvent comprising about 50% by weight or less water; wherein the primary solvent and the cosolvent are each immiscible with the diesel oil or are in combination immisible with the diesel oil, and (3) separating the diesel oil from step (2) above from the primary solvent and from the cosolvent to recover upgraded diesel fuel with improved cetane number.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
87 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is selected from the group consisting of (1) a gas comprising at least one nitrogen oxide with more than one oxygen atom for each nitrogen atom, (2) a liquid comprising at least one nitrogen oxide with more than one oxygen atom for each nitrogen atom, (3) a liquid comprising nitric acid containing from about 0 to 90% by weight water and (4) a liquid comprising nitrous acid containing from about 0 to about 90% by weight water.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said contacting step (1) is conducted in the presence of at least one acid selected from the group consisting of organic acids, inorganic acids and mixtures thereof.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 78, wherein said organic acid is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and formic acid, and said inorganic acid is elected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process of claim 78, wherein said organic acid is present in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 0.15 parts by weight, and said inorganic acid is present in an amount of from about 0.002 to 0.15 parts by weight per weight part of said diesel oil.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is a gaseous or liquid nitrogenous oxide treating agent and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0001 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is nitric acid or nitrous acid and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0002 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is a gaseous or liquid nitrogenous oxide treating agent and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0003 to about 0.06 to said diesel oil.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 78, wherein said nitrogenous treating agent is nitric acid or nitrous acid and such is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.0005 to about 0.1 to said diesel oil.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 76, wherein the weight ratio of said primary solvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.01 to about 5:1 and the weight ratio of said cosolvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.01 to about 5:1.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 85, wherein the weight ratio of said primary solvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.1:1 to about 0.5:1 and the weight ratio of said cosolvent to said diesel oil is from about 0.1:1 to about 0.5:1.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said primary solvent and said cosolvent are both simultaneously contacted with said diesel oil.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said primary solvent is first contacted with said diesel oil and, after extraction with the primary solvent, said cosolvent is contacted with said diesel oil.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said cosolvent is an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 89, wherein said alcohol is methanol.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 90, wherein said methanol is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 91, wherein said methanol is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said cosolvent is acetaldehyde.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 93, wherein said acetaldehyde present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 94, wherein said acetaldehyde is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said cosolvent is acetone.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 96, wherein said acetone is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.01 to about 5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 97, wherein said acetone is present in a weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 to said diesel oil.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
53 words
The process of claim 76, wherein said process additionally comprises (4) blending the upgraded diesel fuel of step (3) with a diesel fuel, which does not meet industrial specifications as to cetane number, sulfur content, Ramsbottom carbon, product stability and/or pour point, in an amount to produce a diesel fuel meeting said specifications.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-05-24 | 1991-11-23 | 1992-05-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-05-24 | 1995-11-23 | 1996-05-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-05-24 | 1999-11-23 | 2000-05-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |