US4743511A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Graded refractory cermet article
Assignee: 3M Co
•
Filing: 1987-09-21
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Granted: 1988-05-10
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Expires: 2007-09-21
Abstract
Abstract This invention provides a shaped, graded, cermet article comprising at least one continuous ceramic phase and at least one discontinuous metal phase, the ratio of ceramic/metal being controlled and varied over the thickness of the article. The ceramic phase preferably is microcrystalline.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold G. Sowman
- 👤 David R. Kaar
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 13:36
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D39/00; B01D39/14; B01D39/20; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/28; B01J20/28014; B01J20/28016; B01J20/28019; B01J20/28023; B01J20/28026; B01J20/2803; B01J20/28033; B01J37/00; B01J37/0009; B22; B22F; B22F1/00; B22F1/06; B22F1/062; C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/01; C04B35/10; C04B35/111; C04B35/117; C04B35/14; C04B35/16; C04B35/18; C04B35/44; C04B35/622; C04B35/62227; C04B35/62231; C04B35/62236; C04B35/6224; C04B35/62245; C04B35/626; C04B35/62605; C04B35/62645; C04B35/6265; C04B35/6268; C04B35/628; C04B35/62844; C04B35/62876; C04B35/62889; C04B35/64; C04B35/71; C04B35/78; C04B35/80; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/14; C22; C22C; C22C1/00; C22C1/10; C22C1/1026; C22C29/00; C22C29/12; D; D01; D01F; D01F9/00; D01F9/08; C04B2235/00; C04B2235/02; C04B2235/30; C04B2235/32; C04B2235/3217; C04B2235/3231; C04B2235/3258; C04B2235/327; C04B2235/3272; C04B2235/3275; C04B2235/3279; C04B2235/3296; C04B2235/34; C04B2235/3409; C04B2235/3418; C04B2235/40; C04B2235/404; C04B2235/405; C04B2235/407; C04B2235/44; C04B2235/449; C04B2235/50; C04B2235/52; C04B2235/5208; C04B2235/526; C04B2235/5264; C04B2235/65; C04B2235/652; C04B2235/70; C04B2235/74; C04B2235/75; C04B2235/76; C04B2235/762; C04B2235/763; G; G01; G01N; G01N30/00; G01N30/02; G01N30/50; G01N30/52; G01N2030/524; G01N2030/528; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12007; Y10T428/12014; Y10T428/12021; Y10T428/12028; Y10T428/12049; Y10T428/12056; Y10T428/12181; Y10T428/12458
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
167 words
A process for making a shaped, graded cermet article comprising the steps: a. providing an aqueous solution containing soluble metal salts, carboxylates, and oxide sols, dispersible colloids, or mixtures thereof, b. concentrating said mixture to a viscous concentrate, c. shaping the resulting viscous concentrate into a desired formed article, d. gelling the formed article to provide a green non-refractory shaped article, e. drying and firing said green article at a temperature sufficient to convert it to a refractory ceramic article, and f. heating said fired article in a reducing atmosphere to provide said shaped cermet article, said article being a shaped, non-fused, cermet article comprising at least one continuous ceramic phase and containing at least one metal phase of discrete particles separated from each other, the ratio of ceramic/metal being controlled and gradually and continuously varied over the depth of the article so as to provide an article wherein the density of metal is greatest in all the exterior surface portions and decreases towards the innermost portions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for making a shaped, graded cermet article comprising the steps: a. providing an aqueous solution containing soluble metal salts, carboxylates, and oxide sols, dispersible colloids, or mixtures thereof, b. concentrating said mixture to a viscous concentrate, c. shaping the resulting viscous concentrate into a desired formed article, d. gelling the formed article to provide a green non-refractory shaped article, e. drying and firing said green article at a temperature sufficient to convert it to a refractory ceramic article, and f. heating said fired article in a reducing atmosphere to provide said shaped cermet article, said article being a shaped, non-fused, cermet article comprising at least one continuous ceramic phase and containing at least one metal phase of discrete particles separated from each other, the ratio of ceramic/metal being controlled and gradually and continuously varied over the depth of the article so as to provide an article wherein the density of metal is greatest in all the exterior surface portions and decreases towards the innermost portions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein the firing of said green article in step e takes place in a reducing atmosphere to provide said shaped cermet article.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein the viscous fluid of step b is sufficiently low to permit the formation of microspheres, granules, flakes, bubbles, or a coating on a substrates.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process according to claim 1 further comprising heating said shaped cermet article in an oxidizing atmosphere to provide a shaped, graded, cermet/metal oxide article.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
10 words
An article prepared according to the process of claim 1.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said reducing atmosphere is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrogen/argon mixture, carbon monoxide, hydrogen/helium mixture, or hydrogen mixed with any inert carrier as.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process according to claim 6 wherein said reducing atmosphere is hydrogen.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said reducing step f takes place in the temperature range of 800° to 1000° C.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 8 wherein said reducing step f takes place in the temperature range of 800° to 900° C.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
10 words
The article according to claim 5 which is a fiber.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article according to claim 10 wherein said fiber comprises metal nodules protruding from its surface.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-05-10 | 1991-11-09 | 1992-05-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-05-10 | 1995-11-09 | 1996-05-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-05-10 | 1999-11-09 | 2000-05-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |