US4718996A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Recovery of tungsten, scandium, iron, and manganese values from tungsten bearing material
Assignee: Osram Sylvania Inc
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Filing: 1986-09-04
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Granted: 1988-01-12
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Expires: 2006-09-04
Abstract
Abstract A process is disclosed for recovering tungsten, scandium, iron, and manganese from tungsten bearing material. The process involves digesting the material in sufficient sulfuric acid at a sufficient temperature for a sufficient time in the presence of a reducing agent to form a digestion solution containing the major portion of the scandium, iron, and manganese, and a digestion residue containing the major portion of the tungsten, separating the digestion solution from the digestion residue and extracting essentially all of the scandium from the solution with an organic consisting essentially of an extracting agent which is a dialkyl phosphoric acid which is present in an amount sufficient to extract essentially all of the scandium without extracting appreciable amounts of iron and manganese, and the balance an essentially aromatic solvent. The scandium containing organic is removed from the raffinate and stripped of the scandium with an aqueous ammonium carbonate solution which is separated from the stripped organic. The pH of the raffinate is adjusted to at least about 2 with a base and electrolyzed to remove the major portion of the iron as iron powder, which is separated from the resulting electrolyzed solution which contains the major portion of the manganese.
Inventors
- 👤 Clarence D. Vanderpool
- 👤 Martin B. McInnis
- 👤 Judith A. Ladd
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 18:38
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25C; C25C5/00; C25C5/02; C01; C01G; C01G45/00; C01G45/02; C01G45/026; C01G45/028; C22; C22B; C22B3/00; C22B3/04; C22B3/06; C22B3/08; C22B3/20; C22B3/26; C22B3/38; C22B3/384; C22B3/3846; C22B34/00; C22B34/30; C22B34/36; C22B47/00; C22B59/00; C01P; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/80; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P10/00; Y02P10/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
191 words
A process for recovering tungsten and scandium from a material containing tungsten, scandium, iron and manganese, said process comprising: (a) digesting said material in an aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution saturated with sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid in the presence of a reducing agent at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient time to form a digestion solution containing the major portion of said scandium, iron, and manganese, and a digestion residue containing the major portion of said tungsten; (b) separating said digestion solution from said digestion residue; (c) extracting essentially all of said scandium from said digestion solution with an organic solution consisting essentially of an extracting agent which is a dialkyl phosphoric acid which is present in an amount sufficient to extract essentially all of the scandium without extracting iron and manganese, and the balance an essentially aromatic solvent; (d) separating the resulting scandium-containing organic from the resulting raffinate; (e) stripping the scandium from the scandium-containing organic with an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate to form a scandium-containing ammonium carbonate solution; (f) separating said scandium-containing ammonium carbonate from the resulting stripped organic solution.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
191 words
A process for recovering tungsten and scandium from a material containing tungsten, scandium, iron and manganese, said process comprising: (a) digesting said material in an aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution saturated with sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid in the presence of a reducing agent at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient time to form a digestion solution containing the major portion of said scandium, iron, and manganese, and a digestion residue containing the major portion of said tungsten; (b) separating said digestion solution from said digestion residue; (c) extracting essentially all of said scandium from said digestion solution with an organic solution consisting essentially of an extracting agent which is a dialkyl phosphoric acid which is present in an amount sufficient to extract essentially all of the scandium without extracting iron and manganese, and the balance an essentially aromatic solvent; (d) separating the resulting scandium-containing organic from the resulting raffinate; (e) stripping the scandium from the scandium-containing organic with an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate to form a scandium-containing ammonium carbonate solution; (f) separating said scandium-containing ammonium carbonate from the resulting stripped organic solution.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process of claim 1 in which the aqueous solution is sulfuric acid of a concentration of from about 18 normal to about 36 normal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process of claim 1 wherein said tungsten bearing material is digested in sulfuric acid at from about 100° C. to about 140° C. for from about 4 hours to about 7 hours.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
A process of claim 1 wherein said reducing agent is iron.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process of claim 1 wherein the extracting agent is di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
51 words
A process of claim 5 wherein said aromatic solvent consists essentially of a mixture of alkyl benzenes wherein the alkyl benzenes have molecular weights of 120, 134, or 148 and the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains attached to the benzene ring are either 3, 4, or 5.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
82 words
A process according to claim 1 containing the following additional steps: (a) adjusting the pH of said raffinate to at least about 2 with a base; (b) subjecting the resulting pH adjusted raffinate to an electric current for a sufficient time to electrolyze said raffinate and form iron powder containing the major portion of the iron which was in said raffinate and an electrolyzed solution containing the major portion of the manganese; and (c) separating said iron powder from said electrolyzed solution.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process of claim 7 wherein said raffinate is adjusted to a pH of from about 2.5 to about 3.0.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process of claim 8 wherein the pH is adjusted with ammonium hydroxide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process of claim 10 wherein said raffinated is subjected to an electric current of from about 12 to about 24 ampheres at from about 6 to about 12 volts for about 10 to about 24 hours.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-01-11 | 1991-07-13 | 1992-01-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-01-11 | 1995-07-13 | 1996-01-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-07-13 | 2000-01-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |