US4717460A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Tin lead electroplating solutions
Assignee: Shipley Co Inc
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Filing: 1987-06-18
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Granted: 1988-01-05
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Expires: 2007-06-18
Abstract
Abstract Baths and methods for electroplating tin or tin-lead alloys wherein the formation of tetravalent tin and stannic oxide sludge is reduced or prevented. These baths contain a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid at least one wetting agent, and a hydroxyl phenyl compound reducing agent. Other compounds may be added to the bath for improving its performance during electroplating.
Inventors
- 👤 Fred I. Nobel
- 👤 Barnet D. Ostrow
- 👤 David N. Schram
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 11:47
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/56; C25D3/60; C25D3/30; C25D3/32; C25D3/34; C25D3/36; H; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/30; H05K3/32; H05K3/34; H05K3/3465; H05K3/3473
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
46 words
A tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electroplating bath which comprises: (a) a bath containing an alkane sulfonic acid and either a divalent tin salt, divalent lead salt thereof or both; (b) at least one cationic, amphoteric or nonionic surfactant; (c) an aromatic aldehyde; and (d) acetaldehyde.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
46 words
A tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electroplating bath which comprises: (a) a bath containing an alkane sulfonic acid and either a divalent tin salt, divalent lead salt thereof or both; (b) at least one cationic, amphoteric or nonionic surfactant; (c) an aromatic aldehyde; and (d) acetaldehyde.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The bath of claim 1 wherein the surfactant is an alkyl imidazoline salt, a betaine or a condensation product of an alkylene oxide compound.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bath of claim 2 wherein the alkylene oxide compound imparts a cloud point of above 90° F. to the bath.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The bath of claim 1 wherein the aromatic aldehyde is benzal acetone, benzaldehyde or a benzaldehyde derivative.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 1 further comprising a reducing agent for maintaining the tin in the divalent state.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
66 words
An aqueous tin, lead, or tin-lead alloy plating bath free of fluoride and fluoborates comprising (A) at least one bath-soluble metal salt of a stannous salt, a lead salt, or a mixture of stannous and lead salts; (B) at least one alkane sulfonic acid or alkanol sulfonic acid; (C) at least one nonionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactant; (D) at least one aromatic aldehyde; and (E) acetaldehyde.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
66 words
An aqueous tin, lead, or tin-lead alloy plating bath free of fluoride and fluoborates comprising (A) at least one bath-soluble metal salt of a stannous salt, a lead salt, or a mixture of stannous and lead salts; (B) at least one alkane sulfonic acid or alkanol sulfonic acid; (C) at least one nonionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactant; (D) at least one aromatic aldehyde; and (E) acetaldehyde.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The bath of claim 6 wherein the surfactant is an alkyl imidazoline salt, a betaine or a condensation product of an alkylene oxide compound.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bath of claim 7 wherein the alkylene oxide compound imparts a cloud point of above 90° F. to the bath.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The bath of claim 6 wherein the aromatic aldehyde is benzal acetone, benzaldehyde or a benzaldehyde derivative.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 6 further comprising a reducing agent for maintaining the tin in the divalent state.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
58 words
A tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electroplating bath which comprises: (a) a bath containing an alkane or alkanol sulfonic acid and either a divalent tin salt, divalent lead salt thereof or both; (b) at least one surfactant; (c) a primary brightening agent of an aromatic aldehyde; and (d) a secondary brightening agent of an aliphatic aldehyde or ketone.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
58 words
A tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electroplating bath which comprises: (a) a bath containing an alkane or alkanol sulfonic acid and either a divalent tin salt, divalent lead salt thereof or both; (b) at least one surfactant; (c) a primary brightening agent of an aromatic aldehyde; and (d) a secondary brightening agent of an aliphatic aldehyde or ketone.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The bath of claim 11 wherein the surfactant is an alkyl imidazloline salt, a betaine or a condensation product of an alkylene oxide compound.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bath of claim 12 wherein the alkylene oxide compound imparts a cloud point of above 90° F. to the bath.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The bath of claim 11 wherein the aromatic aldehyde is benzal acetone, benzaldehyde or a benzaldehyde derivative.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 11 further comprising a reducing agent for maintaining the tin in the divalent state.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method for electroplating a tin, lead or tin-lead alloy upon a substrate which comprises immersing a substrate into the electroplating bath of claim 1 and electroplating a tin, lead or tin-lead alloy thereupon.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method for electroplatig a tin, lead or tin-lead alloy upon a substrate which comprises immersing a substrate into the electroplating bath of claim 6 and electroplating a tin, lead or tin-lead alloy thereaupon.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method for electroplating a tin, lead or tin-lead alloy upon a substrate which comprises immersing a substrate into the electroplating bath of claim 11 and electroplating a tin, lead or tin-lead alloy thereupon.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-01-04 | 1991-07-06 | 1992-01-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-01-04 | 1995-07-06 | 1996-01-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-01-04 | 1999-07-06 | 2000-01-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |