Amino resin modified xanthan polymer gels for permeability profile control

Claim 2

A process for closing pores in a hydrocarbonaceous fluid bearing formation to obtain improved sweep efficiency during a water flood oil recovery operation wherein the process comprises injecting into the formation a gellable composition comprising: (a) water; (b) about 0.2 to about 5.0 wt. percent of a cross linkable polysaccharide biopolymer having at least one functional group selected from a member of the group consisting of an amine, an amide, a hydroxyl, or a thiol group; (c) about 0.02 to about 5.0 wt. percent of an aminoplast resin which reinforces said biopolymer; and (d) sufficient transitional metal ions to form a gel of a size and strength sufficient to close one or more permeable zones in said formation under substantially all pH conditions.

Claim 3

The process as recited in claim 1 wherein said resin is a member selected from the group consisting of melamine-formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, ethylene urea formaldehyde, propylene urea formaldehyde, triazone, uran, and glyoxal.

Claim 4

The process as recited in claim 1 wherein said biopolymer is a member selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose derivatives, other polysaccharide biopolymers, and xanthan polymers.

Claim 5

The process as recited in claim 1 wherein the ratio of said biopolymer to aminoplast resin required for gelation is from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1.

Claim 6

The process as recited in claim 1 wherein said gel forms under salinity concentrations encountered in an oil reservoir.

Claim 7

The process as recited in claim 1 wherein said gel is of substantial stability sufficient to withstand high temperatures encountered in an oil reservoir for at least three months.

Claim 8

The process as recited in claim 1 where said gel is rehealable.

Claim 9

The process as recited in claim 1 wherein said resin can condense to form a cured resin.

Claim 10

The process as recited in claim 1 where said transitional metal ion is a member selected from the group consisting of zirconium, chromium, antimony and aluminum.

Claim 11

The process as recited in claim 1 where said transitional ions are added in an amount of about 1 to about 10 wt. percent of said biopolymer sufficient to form a gel able to withstand high temperature and high salinity concentrations encountered in an oil reservoir.

Claim 12

The process as recited in claim 1 where in step (d) said pH is 10 or less.

Claim 13

The process as recited in claim 1 where said gel is formed before injecting the composition, shears when injected into a formation and subsequently reheals.

Claim 14

A process for closing pores in a hydrocarbonaceous fluid bearing formation to obtain improved sweep efficiency during a carbon dioxide oil recovery operation wherein the process comprises injecting into the formation a gellable composition comprising: (a) water; (b) about 0.2 to about 5.0 wt. percent of a cross linkable polysaccharide biopolymer having at least one functional group selected from a member of the group consisting of an amine, an amide, a hydroxyl, or a thiol group; and (c) about 0.02 to about 5.0 wt. percent of an aminoplast resin which reinforces said biopolymer; and (d) sufficient transitional metal ions to form a gel of a size and strength sufficient to close one or more permeable zones in said formation under substantially all pH conditions.

Claim 15

A process for closing pores in a hydrocarbonaceous fluid bearing formation to obtain improved sweep efficiency during a carbon dioxide oil recovery operation wherein the process comprises injecting into the formation a gellable composition comprising: (a) water; (b) about 0.2 to about 5.0 wt. percent of a cross linkable polysaccharide biopolymer having at least one functional group selected from a member of the group consisting of an amine, an amide, a hydroxyl, or a thiol group; and (c) about 0.02 to about 5.0 wt. percent of an aminoplast resin which reinforces said biopolymer; and (d) sufficient transitional metal ions to form a gel of a size and strength sufficient to close one or more permeable zones in said formation under substantially all pH conditions.

Claim 16

The process as recited in claim 13 wherein said resin is a member selected from the group consisting of melamine-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, ethylene urea formaldehyde, propylene urea formaldehyde, triazone, uran, and glyoxal.

Claim 17

The process as recited in claim 13 wherein said biopolymer is a member selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose derivatives, other polysaccharride biopolymers, and xanthan polymers.

Claim 18

The process as recited in claim 13 wherein the ratio of said biopolymer to aminoplast resin required for gelation is from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1.

Claim 19

The process as recited in claim 13 wherein said gel forms under salinity concentrations encountered in an oil reservoir.

Claim 20

The process as recited in claim 13 wherein said gel is of substantial stability sufficient to withstand high temperatures encountered in an oil reservoir for at least three months.

Claim 21

The process as recited in claim 13 wherein said gel is rehealable.

Claim 22

The process as recited in claim 13 where said transitional metal ion is a member selected from the group consisting of zirconium, chromium, antimony and aluminum.

Claim 23

The process as recited in claim 13 where said transitional ions are added in an amount of about 1 to about 10 wt. percent of said biopolymer sufficient to form a gel able to withstand high temperature and high salinity concentrations encountered in an oil reservoir.

Claim 24

The process are recited in claim 13 where in step (d) said pH is 10 or less.

Claim 25

The process as recited in claim 13 where said gel is formed before injecting the composition, shears when injected into a formation and subsequently reheals.