US4713306A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Battery element and battery incorporating doped tin oxide coated substrate
Assignee: Ensci Inc
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Filing: 1986-03-24
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Granted: 1987-12-15
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Expires: 2006-03-24
Abstract
Abstract A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates of a lead-acid battery comprises an acid resistant substrate coated with electrically conductive doped tin oxide. This battery element may also be used in the bipolar plates of a lead-acid battery.
Inventors
- 👤 Naum Pinsky
- 👤 Saulius A. Alkaitis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 18:53
CPC Classifications
C; C03; C03C; C03C17/00; C03C17/22; C03C17/23; C03C3/00; C03C3/04; C03C3/076; C03C3/083; C03C3/085; C03C3/087; H; H01; H01M; H01M10/00; H01M10/06; H01M10/18; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/64; H01M4/66; H01M4/68; C03C2217/00; C03C2217/20; C03C2217/21; C03C2217/211; C03C2217/24; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 49
Claim 1
Independent Claim
50 words
A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates in a lead acid battery comprising an acid resistant substrate coated with electrically conductive doped tin oxide and a positive active electrode material provided that at least a portion of said coated substrate contacts said electrode material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
50 words
A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates in a lead acid battery comprising an acid resistant substrate coated with electrically conductive doped tin oxide and a positive active electrode material provided that at least a portion of said coated substrate contacts said electrode material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
44 words
The element of claim 1 which further comprises a fluid impervious matrix layer having mutually opposing first and second surfaces situated such that at least a portion of said coated substrate is embedded in said matrix layer to form a fluid impervious, conductive composite.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said tin oxide is doped with fluoride ion.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The element of claim 2 wherein said dopant is fluoride ion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
The element of claim 2 which further comprises a positive active electrode material layer located adjacent to said first surface of said matrix layer, provide that a portion of said coated substrate contacts said electrode layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said positive active electrode layer contains electrochemically active lead oxide material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 5 wherein said positive active electrode layer contains electrochemically active lead oxide material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 5 wherein said tin oxide is doped with fluoride ion.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
The element of claim 5 which further comprises a fluid-impervious conductive layer that is resistant to reduction adjacent to said second surface of said matrix layer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
The element of claim 9 wherein said conductive layer is selected from metal and substantially non-conductive polymers containing conductive material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
The element of claim 10 wherein said conductive layer is a non-conductive polymer containing particles of a material selected from the group consisting of graphite, lead and mixtures thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 10 wherein said tin oxide is doped with fluoride ion.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The element of claim 9 which further comprises a negative active electrode layer located adjacent to said fluid-impervious conductive layer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The element of claim 13 wherein said negative active electrode layer comprises a paste containing lead.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 14 wherein said tin oxide is doped with fluoride ion.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
37 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 1 as at least a part of said positive plates.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
37 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive pates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 2 as at least a part of said positive plates.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
39 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 3 are used as at least a part of said positive plates.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 6 as said positive plates.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
32 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 5 as said positive plates.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
26 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of bipolar plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 13 as said bipolar plates.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
26 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of bipolar plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 15 as said bipolar plates.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said acid resistant substrate is in the form of particles or fibers, and is organic or inorganic.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
The element of claim 23 wherein said acid resistant substrate is in the form of fibers.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
29 words
The element of claim 23 wherein said fibers are in a form selected from the group consisting of fiber rovings, chopped fibers, single fibers, woven fibers and mixtures thereof.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The element of claim 25 wherein said fibers comprise acid resistant glass.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 2 wherein said acid resistant substrate is in the form of glass fibers.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 5 wherein said acid resistant substrate is in the form of glass fibers.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 26 wherein said acid resistant glass has increased acid resistance relative to E-glass.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
26 words
The element of claim 26 wherein said acid resistant glass is at least as resistant as C-glass to the conditions present in said lead acid battery.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
27 words
The element of claim 24 wherein said fibers are in the form of a body of woven fibers having a porosity of about 60% to about 95%.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
27 words
The element of claim 27 wherein said fibers are in the form of a body of woven fibers having a porosity of about 60% to about 95%.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
38 words
The element of claim 27 wherein said doped tin oxide coated acid resistant glass fibers are at least partially coated with a coupling agent acting to improve the bonding of said doped tin oxide coating with said matrix.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
38 words
The element of claim 28 wherein said doped tin oxide coated acid resistant glass fibers are a least partially coated with a coupling agent acting to improve the bonding of said doped tin oxide coating with said matrix.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
25 words
The element of claim 33 wherein said coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of silane, silane derivatives, titanates, titanate derivatives and mixtures thereof.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
The element of claim 2 wherein said matrix is a polymeric material.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
The element of claim 36 wherein said polymeric matrix material has a polarity which is increased relative to polypropylene.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
21 words
The element of claim 13 wherein said matrix is a polymeric material having a polarity which is increased relative to polypropylene.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 37 wherein said polymeric matrix material is a thermoset polymer.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 38 wherein said polymeric matrix material is a thermoset polymer.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
25 words
The element of claim 26 wherein the average diameter of said glass fibers is in the range of about 1 micron to about 20 microns.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
30 words
The element of claim 41 wherein the average thickness of said doped tin oxide coating on said fibers is in the range of about 0.01 micron to about 10 microns.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
30 words
The element of claim 4 wherein said fluoride ion is present in said coating in an amount in the range of about 0.01 mole % to about 20 mole %.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
61 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said substrate is coated with said doped tin oxide by a process comprising spraying a composition comprising a tin component, a dopant containing material and a solvent onto said substrate which is maintained at elevated temperatures; and subjecting said sprayed substrate to conditions effective to form said doped tin oxide coating on said sprayed substrate.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
31 words
The element of claim 44 wherein said substrate is in the form of glass fibers, said tin component comprises an inorganic tin component and said solvent comprises a hydroxyl group-containing solvent.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
75 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said substrate is coated with doped tin oxide by a process comprising (1) contacting a vaporous composition comprising a tin component and a dopant-containing material with said substrate; and (2) contacting said contacted substrate with an oxygen-containing vaporous medium at conditions effective to form said doped tin oxide coating on said substrate, provided that said substrate is maintained in substantially constant three dimensional motion during steps (1) and (2).
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
22 words
The element of claim 46 wherein said substrate is in the form of glass fibers, and steps (1) and (2) occur sequentially.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
31 words
The element of claim 45 wherein said substrate is in the form of glass fibers, and steps (1) and (2) occur substantially simultaneously in at least one fluidized bed reaction zone.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-12-14 | 1991-06-15 | 1991-12-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-12-14 | 1995-06-15 | 1995-12-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-12-14 | 1999-06-15 | 1999-12-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |