US4712240A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Transmission and reception of television broadcast in high-fidelity stereo audio
Assignee: Northrop Grumman Space and Mission Systems Corp
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Filing: 1986-03-26
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Granted: 1987-12-08
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Expires: 2006-03-26
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for modulating and demodulating a digitized stereo audio signal with a 3-level, partial response waveform. The 3-level, partial response waveform utilizes 3-level coded pulses rather than conventional on-off or 2-level coded pulses. This results in a bandwidth reduction of approximately 50% over the conventional 2-level coded pulses and allows the stereo audio signal to be transmitted within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, without first compressing or reducing the sampling rate of the stereo audio signal. For transmission over statellite-based systems, the modulated stereo audio signal is digitally up-converted to a 6.6 MHz quadrature subcarrier. For transmission over ground-based systems, the modulated audio signal is multiplexed into the video signal during the video horizontal blanking interval.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas G. Schnerk
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 16:31
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N7/00; H04N7/08; H04N7/084; H04N7/085; H04H; H04H20/00; H04H20/44; H04H20/46; H04H20/47; H04H20/48; H04H20/86; H04H20/88; H04H40/00; H04H40/18; H04H40/27; H04H40/36; H04H40/45; H04N7/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
152 words
A method for transmitting a stereo audio signal within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, comprising the steps of: digitizing the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal at a sampling rate of approximately 39.335 KHz to generate five audio samples during each horizontal line of a video signal; multiplexing the left and right digitized audio samples to form a serial bit stream of audio samples; encrypting the serial bit stream of audio samples; bursting out the serial bit stream of audio samples at a higher data rate to allow for the insertion of other data into the serial bit stream; encoding the serial bit stream of audio samples for error correction; randomizing the serial bit stream of audio samples; modulating the serial bit stream of audio samples with a 3-level, partial response waveform to form a modulated stereo audio signal; and transmitting the modulated stereo audio signal.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
152 words
A method for transmitting a stereo audio signal within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, comprising the steps of: digitizing the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal at a sampling rate of approximately 39.335 KHz to generate five audio samples during each horizontal line of a video signal; multiplexing the left and right digitized audio samples to form a serial bit stream of audio samples; encrypting the serial bit stream of audio samples; bursting out the serial bit stream of audio samples at a higher data rate to allow for the insertion of other data into the serial bit stream; encoding the serial bit stream of audio samples for error correction; randomizing the serial bit stream of audio samples; modulating the serial bit stream of audio samples with a 3-level, partial response waveform to form a modulated stereo audio signal; and transmitting the modulated stereo audio signal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method for transmitting a stereo audio signal as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of encoding the audio samples for error correction includes the step of: appending 15 parity bits to every five audio samples.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
294 words
Apparatus for transmitting a stereo audio signal within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, comprising: a pair of analog-to-digital converters for digitizing the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal at a sampling rate of approximately 39.335 KHz to generate five audio samples during each horizontal line of a video signal; means for multiplexing the left and right digitized audio samples to form a serial bit stream of audio samples; a 3-level, partial response modulator for modulating the serial bit stream of audio samples with a 3-level, partial response waveform to form a modulated stereo audio signal; means for up-converting the modulated stereo audio signal to a video subcarrier frequency, the up-converting means including means for digitally complementing the modulated audio signal; and means for transmitting the modulated stereo audio signal; wherein the modulator includes: a pair of flip-flops for converting the serial bit stream of audio samples into parallel in-phase and staggered quadrature-phase symbol streams and for differentially encoding each symbol in each of the in-phase and staggered quadrature-phase symbol streams with a state opposite that of the immediately preceding differentially-encoded symbol when the symbol is a one and with a state equal that of the immediately preceding differentially-encoded symbol when the symbol is a zero; memory means for storing amplitude samples from a plurality of 3-level, partial response waveforms, the memory means being addressed by a plurality of symbols from the in-phase and the staggered quadrature-phase symbol steams, the memory means including a read-only-memory for storing four amplitude samples for each of 256 3-level, partial response waveforms, the read-only-memory being addressed by the last eight symbols from the in-phase and the staggered quadrature-phase symbol streams; and means for multiplexing the in-phase and staggered quadrature-phase partial response amplitude samples.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
294 words
Apparatus for transmitting a stereo audio signal within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, comprising: a pair of analog-to-digital converters for digitizing the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal at a sampling rate of approximately 39.335 KHz to generate five audio samples during each horizontal line of a video signal; means for multiplexing the left and right digitized audio samples to form a serial bit stream of audio samples; a 3-level, partial response modulator for modulating the serial bit stream of audio samples with a 3-level, partial response waveform to form a modulated stereo audio signal; means for up-converting the modulated stereo audio signal to a video subcarrier frequency, the up-converting means including means for digitally complementing the modulated audio signal; and means for transmitting the modulated stereo audio signal; wherein the modulator includes: a pair of flip-flops for converting the serial bit stream of audio samples into parallel in-phase and staggered quadrature-phase symbol streams and for differentially encoding each symbol in each of the in-phase and staggered quadrature-phase symbol streams with a state opposite that of the immediately preceding differentially-encoded symbol when the symbol is a one and with a state equal that of the immediately preceding differentially-encoded symbol when the symbol is a zero; memory means for storing amplitude samples from a plurality of 3-level, partial response waveforms, the memory means being addressed by a plurality of symbols from the in-phase and the staggered quadrature-phase symbol steams, the memory means including a read-only-memory for storing four amplitude samples for each of 256 3-level, partial response waveforms, the read-only-memory being addressed by the last eight symbols from the in-phase and the staggered quadrature-phase symbol streams; and means for multiplexing the in-phase and staggered quadrature-phase partial response amplitude samples.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
181 words
Apparatus for transmitting a stereo audio signal within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, comprising: a pair of analog-to-digital converters for digitizing the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal at a sampling rate of approximately 39.335 KHz to generate five audio samples during each horizontal line of a video signal; means for multiplexing the left and right digitized audio samples to form a serial bit stream of audio samples; a 3-level, partial response modulator for modulating the serial bit stream of audio samples with a 3-level, partial response waveform to form a modulated stereo audio signal, the modulator including a read-only-memory for storing four amplitude samples for each of 256 3-level, partial response waveforms, the read-only memory being addressed by the last eight bits from the serial bit stream; means for multiplexing the modulated stereo audio signal into the horizontal blanking interval of a video signal, the multiplexing means including means for bursting out the modulated stereo audio signal at a bit rate of approximately 7.16 MHz; and means for transmitting the modulated stereo audio signal.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
181 words
Apparatus for transmitting a stereo audio signal within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, comprising: a pair of analog-to-digital converters for digitizing the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal at a sampling rate of approximately 39.335 KHz to generate five audio samples during each horizontal line of a video signal; means for multiplexing the left and right digitized audio samples to form a serial bit stream of audio samples; a 3-level, partial response modulator for modulating the serial bit stream of audio samples with a 3-level, partial response waveform to form a modulated stereo audio signal, the modulator including a read-only-memory for storing four amplitude samples for each of 256 3-level, partial response waveforms, the read-only memory being addressed by the last eight bits from the serial bit stream; means for multiplexing the modulated stereo audio signal into the horizontal blanking interval of a video signal, the multiplexing means including means for bursting out the modulated stereo audio signal at a bit rate of approximately 7.16 MHz; and means for transmitting the modulated stereo audio signal.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
172 words
Apparatus for transmitting a stereo audio signal within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, comprising: a pair of analog-to-digital converters for digitizing the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal at a sampling rate of approximately 39.335 KHz to generate five audio samples during each horizontal line of a video signal; means for multiplexing the left and right digitized audio samples to form a serial bit stream of audio samples; means for encrypting the serial bit stream of audio samples; means for bursting out the serial bit stream of audio samples at a higher data rate to allow for the insertion of other data into the serial bit stream; means for encoding the serial bit stream of audio samples for error correction; means for randomizing the serial bit stream of audio samples; a 3-level, partial response modulator for modulating the serial bit stream of audio samples with a 3-level, partial response waveform to form a modulated stereo audio signal; and means for transmitting the modulated stereo audio signal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
172 words
Apparatus for transmitting a stereo audio signal within the bandwidth limitations of conventional television transmission systems, comprising: a pair of analog-to-digital converters for digitizing the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal at a sampling rate of approximately 39.335 KHz to generate five audio samples during each horizontal line of a video signal; means for multiplexing the left and right digitized audio samples to form a serial bit stream of audio samples; means for encrypting the serial bit stream of audio samples; means for bursting out the serial bit stream of audio samples at a higher data rate to allow for the insertion of other data into the serial bit stream; means for encoding the serial bit stream of audio samples for error correction; means for randomizing the serial bit stream of audio samples; a 3-level, partial response modulator for modulating the serial bit stream of audio samples with a 3-level, partial response waveform to form a modulated stereo audio signal; and means for transmitting the modulated stereo audio signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
The apparatus for transmitting a stereo audio signal as set forth in claim 5, wherein the means for encoding the audio samples for error correction includes; means for appending 15 parity bits to every five audio samples.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-12-07 | 1991-06-08 | 1991-12-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-12-07 | 1995-06-08 | 1995-12-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-12-07 | 1999-06-08 | 1999-12-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |