US4696040A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Speech analysis/synthesis system with energy normalization and silence suppression
Assignee: Texas Instruments Inc
•
Filing: 1983-10-13
•
Granted: 1987-09-22
•
Expires: 2003-10-13
Abstract
Abstract Energy normalization in speech synthesis systems is achieved by a look-ahead adaptive normalization procedure, wherein energy is adaptively tracked, and the adaptive energy-tracking value is used to normalize a much earlier frame's energy value.
Inventors
- 👤 George R. Doddington
- 👤 Panos E. Papamichalis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 19:37
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10L; G10L25/00; G10L25/78; G10L21/00; G10L21/02; G10L21/0316; G10L21/0364; G10L2025/783; G10L2025/786; G10L21/0208; G10L21/0216; G10L21/0232
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
A speech coding system, comprising: an analyzer for receiving a digital speech signal and generating therefrom a sequence of frames, each frame having speech parameters, said parameters of each frame including an energy value; means coupled to said analyzer for normalizing the energy value of each said speech frame with respect to energy values of subsequently generated frames of the sequence; and means coupled to said normalizing means for loading said parameters for each said speech frame of the sequence, including said normalized energy parameter of each said speech frame, into a data channel.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
A speech coding system, comprising: an analyzer for receiving a digital speech signal and generating therefrom a sequence of frames, each frame having speech parameters, said parameters of each frame including an energy value; means coupled to said analyzer for normalizing the energy value of each said speech frame with respect to energy values of subsequently generated frames of the sequence; and means coupled to said normalizing means for loading said parameters for each said speech frame of the sequence, including said normalized energy parameter of each said speech frame, into a data channel.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The system of claim 1, further comprising: a data converter connected to receive an analog speech signal, said data converter providing to said analyzer a digital speech signal corresponding to said analog speech signal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
The system of claim 1, wherein said energy value of each speech frame is normalized with respect to said energy values of those frames which are later than the frame undergoing energy normalization by at least 0.1 second.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
43 words
The system of claim 1, wherein said energy value of each speech frame is normalized with respect to a peak-tracking parameter of subsequent frames, said peak-tracking parameter corresponding to an upper envelope of the sequence of said energy values of the subsequent frames.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
43 words
The system of claim 3, wherein said energy value of each speech frame is normalized with respect to a peak-tracking parameter of subsequent frames, said peak-tracking parameter corresponding to an upper envelope of the sequence of said energy values of the subsequent frames.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 1, wherein said analyzer is a linear predictive coding analyzer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 1, wherein said speech parameters of each of said frame also indicate the voiced/unvoiced status of said respective frame.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
46 words
The system of claim 7, wherein said parameters also include pitch information for each of said speech frames, and wherein said analyzer jointly determines pitch and voicing of each frame, so that the said pitch and voicing decisions vary as smoothly as possible across adjacent frames.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 3, wherein said speech parameters comprise linear predictive coding parameters.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
The system of claim 9, wherein said speech parameters include excitation information in addition to said linear predictive coding parameters.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 10, wherein said excitation information consists only of pitch, energy, and voicing information.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 9, wherein said linear predictive coding parameters comprise reflection coefficients.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 9, wherein said linear predictive coding parameters correspond to a tenth-order linear predictive coding model.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
69 words
A method of encoding speech, comprising the steps of: analyzing a speech signal to provide a sequence of frames, each frame having speech parameters, each frame of said sequence including an energy value; normalizing said energy values of each of said speech frames with respect to energy values of subsequently generated ones of said speech frames; and encoding said speech parameters, including said energy values, into a data channel.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
69 words
A method of encoding speech, comprising the steps of: analyzing a speech signal to provide a sequence of frames, each frame having speech parameters, each frame of said sequence including an energy value; normalizing said energy values of each of said speech frames with respect to energy values of subsequently generated ones of said speech frames; and encoding said speech parameters, including said energy values, into a data channel.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 14, further comprising: providing to said analyzer a digital speech signal corresponding to an analog speech signal.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said energy value of each speech frame is normalized with respect to said energy values of only those frames which are later than the frame undergoing energy normalization by at least 0.1 second.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said energy value of each speech frame is normalized with respect to a peak-tracking parameter of subsequent frames, said peak-tracking parameter corresponding to an upper envelope of the sequence of said energy values of the subsequent frames.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 16, wherein said energy value of each speech frame is normalized with respect to a peak-tracking parameter of subsequent frames, said peak-tracking parameter corresponding to an upper envelope of the sequence of said energy values of the subsequent frames.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said analyzer is a linear predictive coding analyzer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said speech parameters of each of said frame also indicate the voiced/unvoiced status of said respective frame.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said parameters also include pitch information for each of said speech frames, and wherein said analyzer jointly determines pitch and voicing of each frame, so that the said pitch and voicing decisions vary as smoothly as possible across adjacent frames.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 16, wherein said speech parameters comprise linear predictive coding parameters.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 22, wherein said speech parameters include excitation information in addition to said linear predictive coding parameters.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 23, wherein said excitation information consists only of pitch, energy, and voicing information.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 22, wherein said linear predictive coding parameters comprise reflection coefficients.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 22, wherein said linear predictive coding parameters correspond to a tenth-order linear predictive coding model.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4071695A
Cited
US4280192A
Cited
US4384169A
Cited
US4351983A
Cited
US4441200A
Cited
US4561102A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-09-21 | 1991-03-23 | 1991-09-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-09-21 | 1995-03-23 | 1995-09-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-09-21 | 1999-03-23 | 1999-09-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |