Complex block multipolymer surfactants

Claim 2

A complex block multipolymer surfactant having a molecular weight of between about 15,000 and about 100,000 produced by combining: (a) a linear polysiloxane having terminating groups containing a hydroxyl group, said linear polysiloxane having a molecular weight of between about 1,000 and about 5,000; (b) at least one diol, said diol having a molecular weight of less than about 5,000; and (c) a diisocyanate having isocyanate reactive groups, said diisocyanate having a molecular weight of between about 100 and about 2,000; the ratio of hydroxyl groups to isocyanate reaction groups being from about 0.80:1.0 to about 1.16:1.0; and wherein said surfactant has a silicon content of between about 0.5 to about 35.0 percent by weight.

Claim 3

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein said polysiloxane is a polydimethylsiloxane having terminations containing carbinol groups.

Claim 4

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein at least one of said diols is selected from the group consisting of polyoxypropylenediol, polystyrene and polyacrylonitile grafted onto polyoxypropylenediol or polybutadienediol.

Claim 5

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein said diisocyanate is diphenyl methane diisocyanate.

Claim 6

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein said diisocyanate and at least one of said diols are prereacted before combining with the polysiloxane and any additional diols.

Claim 7

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 4 wherein said diisocyanate and at least one of said diols are prereacted before combining with the polysiloxane and any additional diols.

Claim 8

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 6 wherein a polyether diol is prereacted with said diphenyl methane diisocyanate.

Claim 9

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 5 wherein a polyester diol is prereacted with toluene diisocyanate.

Claim 10

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein monofunctional components are used to control the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution.

Claim 11

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein more than one diol is used.

Claim 12

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein components having functionality of greater than two are used to produce branched surfactants.

Claim 13

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein said isocyanate is a mixture of diphenyl methane diisocyanate and a trifunctional cycloadduct of diphenyl methane diisocyanate.

Claim 14

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 including the addition of a non-reactive diluent to control the surfactant viscosity and processing characteristics.

Claim 15

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 including the addition of a catalyst to alter the reaction rates of the components.

Claim 16

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 including a water scavenger to control the water content of the raw material.

Claim 17

The complex block multipolymer surfactant of claim 1 wherein said water scavenger is a molecular sieve.

Claim 18

A polyurethane foam containing a stabilizer comprising a complex block multipolymer surfactant having a molecular weight of between about 15,000 and about 100,000 produced by combining: (a) a linear polysiloxane having terminating groups containing a hydroxyl group, said linear polysiloxane having a molecular weight of between about 1,000 and about 5,000; (b) at least one diol, said diol having a molecular weight of less than about 5,000; and (c) a diisocyanate having isocyanate reactive groups, said diisocyanate having a molecular weight of between about 100 and about 2,000; the ratio of hydroxyl groups to isocyanate reaction groups being from about 0.80:1.0 to about 1.16:1.0; and wherein said surfactant has a silicon content of between about 0.5 to about 35.0 percent by weight.

Claim 19

A polyurethane foam containing a stabilizer comprising a complex block multipolymer surfactant having a molecular weight of between about 15,000 and about 100,000 produced by combining: (a) a linear polysiloxane having terminating groups containing a hydroxyl group, said linear polysiloxane having a molecular weight of between about 1,000 and about 5,000; (b) at least one diol, said diol having a molecular weight of less than about 5,000; and (c) a diisocyanate having isocyanate reactive groups, said diisocyanate having a molecular weight of between about 100 and about 2,000; the ratio of hydroxyl groups to isocyanate reaction groups being from about 0.80:1.0 to about 1.16:1.0; and wherein said surfactant has a silicon content of between about 0.5 to about 35.0 percent by weight.