US4688154A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Track lighting system with plug-in adapters
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1984-10-15
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Granted: 1987-08-18
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Expires: 2004-10-15
Abstract
Abstract Subject track lighting system comprises a more-or-less regular lighting track having at least two pairs of track conductors. Of these track conductors, an initial pair carries the regular 120 Volt/60 Hz power line voltage. Plugged into the track and connecting with the initial pair of track conductors is one or more voltage-conditioning adapters--with each such adapter receiving its input voltage from the initial pair of track conductors and providing its conditioned output voltage to one of the other pairs of track conductors. Thus, depending upon the particular functions provided by the adapters, the different pairs of track conductors may be used in independently different ways. For instance, with one adapter being a frequency converter with an output voltage of 12 Volt/30 kHz, the pair of track conductors to which its output is connected may be used directly with low-voltage Halogen lamps--while ordinary 120 Volt incandescent lamps may simultaneously be used with the initial pair of track conductors. Thus, in this particular case, the same multi-conductor track can directly and conveniently power both low-voltage and high-voltage lamps. Functions suitable to provide in the form of subject adapters include: voltage magnitude transformation, voltage frequency transformation, time-programmable switching, remote operation, power line isolation, dimming, current limitation, and various combinations of all of these.
Inventors
- 👤 Ole K. Nilssen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 11:54
CPC Classifications
F; F21; F21V; F21V21/00; F21V21/34; F21V21/35
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
85 words
A track lighting system comprising: at least one track section adapted for mounting onto a surface, said track section comprising two pairs of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and hold a number of track plug-in units, one of said pairs of track conductors being connected with a source of electric power; and at least one track plug-in unit having electrical terminal means operable to make contact with said pairs of track conductors and operable to effect flow of electric energy therebetween.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
85 words
A track lighting system comprising: at least one track section adapted for mounting onto a surface, said track section comprising two pairs of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and hold a number of track plug-in units, one of said pairs of track conductors being connected with a source of electric power; and at least one track plug-in unit having electrical terminal means operable to make contact with said pairs of track conductors and operable to effect flow of electric energy therebetween.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
96 words
A track lighting system comprising at least one track section adapted for mounting onto a surface, said section comprising at least two pairs of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and hold a number of track plug-in units, each of said plug-in units having electrical terminal means operable to make contact with at least one of said pairs of track conductors, with at least one of said plug-in units being adapted to make contact with at least two of said pairs of track conductors and operable to effect flow of electric energy therebetween.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
96 words
A track lighting system comprising at least one track section adapted for mounting onto a surface, said section comprising at least two pairs of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and hold a number of track plug-in units, each of said plug-in units having electrical terminal means operable to make contact with at least one of said pairs of track conductors, with at least one of said plug-in units being adapted to make contact with at least two of said pairs of track conductors and operable to effect flow of electric energy therebetween.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
62 words
A plug-in voltage-conditioning adapter operable to be inserted into and held by a power track having at least two pairs of track conductors, one of said pairs of track conductors being connected with a source of electric power, said adapter comprising: means for making electrical contact with both of said pairs of track conductors and for controllably effecting flow of power therebetween.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
62 words
A plug-in voltage-conditioning adapter operable to be inserted into and held by a power track having at least two pairs of track conductors, one of said pairs of track conductors being connected with a source of electric power, said adapter comprising: means for making electrical contact with both of said pairs of track conductors and for controllably effecting flow of power therebetween.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
143 words
A track lighting system comprising: at least one track section adapted for mounting onto a surface, the track section having: (i) at least one pair of track conductors connected with an AC voltage of frequency substantially higher than that of the voltage normally present on an ordinary electric utility power line, and (ii) a receptacle slot adapted to receive and hold a number of track lighting units; and at least one track lighting unit operable: (i) to be received and held by the receptacle slot, (ii) when so held, to make contact with the track conductors, and (iii) to be powered by the AC voltage present thereon; thereby permitting the use of track lighting units adapted to be properly powered only from an AC voltage of frequency substantially higher than that of the voltage normally present on an ordinary electric utility power line.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
143 words
A track lighting system comprising: at least one track section adapted for mounting onto a surface, the track section having: (i) at least one pair of track conductors connected with an AC voltage of frequency substantially higher than that of the voltage normally present on an ordinary electric utility power line, and (ii) a receptacle slot adapted to receive and hold a number of track lighting units; and at least one track lighting unit operable: (i) to be received and held by the receptacle slot, (ii) when so held, to make contact with the track conductors, and (iii) to be powered by the AC voltage present thereon; thereby permitting the use of track lighting units adapted to be properly powered only from an AC voltage of frequency substantially higher than that of the voltage normally present on an ordinary electric utility power line.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
72 words
A track lighting system comprising: power track means having track conductors connected with an AC voltage having: (i) magnitude about equal to that of the power line voltage on an ordinary electric utility power line, but (ii) frequency substantially higher than that of said power line voltage; and a track lighting unit operable to connect with the track conductors and, when so connected, to be properly operated by the AC voltage thereon.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
72 words
A track lighting system comprising: power track means having track conductors connected with an AC voltage having: (i) magnitude about equal to that of the power line voltage on an ordinary electric utility power line, but (ii) frequency substantially higher than that of said power line voltage; and a track lighting unit operable to connect with the track conductors and, when so connected, to be properly operated by the AC voltage thereon.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
127 words
A track lighting system comprising: a source of voltage of first magnitude; a voltage conditioning means connected in circuit with said source of voltage and adapted to provide at a pair of output terminals a voltage of second magnitude, said second magnitude being substantially different from said first magnitude; at least one track section having a first and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and releasably hold a plurality of track lighting units, said first pair of track conductors being connected with said source of voltage, said second pair of track conductors being connected with said output terminals; whereby lighting units requiring operating voltages of substantially different magnitude may simultaneously be used in and properly powered from said slot receptacle.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
127 words
A track lighting system comprising: a source of voltage of first magnitude; a voltage conditioning means connected in circuit with said source of voltage and adapted to provide at a pair of output terminals a voltage of second magnitude, said second magnitude being substantially different from said first magnitude; at least one track section having a first and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and releasably hold a plurality of track lighting units, said first pair of track conductors being connected with said source of voltage, said second pair of track conductors being connected with said output terminals; whereby lighting units requiring operating voltages of substantially different magnitude may simultaneously be used in and properly powered from said slot receptacle.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
42 words
The system of claim 6 wherein the voltage of first magnitude and the voltage of second magnitude each have a frequency, and wherein the frequency of said voltage of first magnitude is substantially different from that of said voltage of second magnitude.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
175 words
A plug-in adapter for a track lighting system, said track lighting system having a track section with a first and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot, said first pair of track conductors being powered with AC voltage from a regular electric utility power line, said second pair of track conductors not being provided with said AC voltage, said plug-in adapter comprising: plug-in means having a first pair and a second pair of terminals and being insertable into said receptacle slot, thereby to provide for direct electrical contact between said first pair of track conductors and said first pair of terminals, as well as between said second pair of track conductors and said second pair of terminals; and voltage conditioning means connected in circuit between said first pair of terminals and said second pair of terminals, said voltage conditioning means being operable to convert the voltage provided at said first pair of terminals into an output voltage of converted electrical parameters, said output voltage being supplied to said second pair of terminals.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
175 words
A plug-in adapter for a track lighting system, said track lighting system having a track section with a first and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot, said first pair of track conductors being powered with AC voltage from a regular electric utility power line, said second pair of track conductors not being provided with said AC voltage, said plug-in adapter comprising: plug-in means having a first pair and a second pair of terminals and being insertable into said receptacle slot, thereby to provide for direct electrical contact between said first pair of track conductors and said first pair of terminals, as well as between said second pair of track conductors and said second pair of terminals; and voltage conditioning means connected in circuit between said first pair of terminals and said second pair of terminals, said voltage conditioning means being operable to convert the voltage provided at said first pair of terminals into an output voltage of converted electrical parameters, said output voltage being supplied to said second pair of terminals.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
The adapter of claim 20 wherein the magnitude of said output voltage is approximately 12 Volt RMS and the frequency of said output voltage is on the order of 30 kHz.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
131 words
A track lighting system comprising: a track section having a first pair and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and releasably hold a plurality of track plug-in lighting units and track plug-in adapters, said first pair of track conductors being provided with a voltage; at least one track plug-in lighting unit adapted to plug into and make contact with said second pair of track conductors; and a track plug-in adapter adapted to plug into and make contact with both said first pair and said second pair of track conductors and, when so plugged in, operable to effect flow of electric power therebetween; whereby the flow of power to said at least one track plug-in lighting unit can be substantially affected by said plug-in adapter.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
131 words
A track lighting system comprising: a track section having a first pair and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and releasably hold a plurality of track plug-in lighting units and track plug-in adapters, said first pair of track conductors being provided with a voltage; at least one track plug-in lighting unit adapted to plug into and make contact with said second pair of track conductors; and a track plug-in adapter adapted to plug into and make contact with both said first pair and said second pair of track conductors and, when so plugged in, operable to effect flow of electric power therebetween; whereby the flow of power to said at least one track plug-in lighting unit can be substantially affected by said plug-in adapter.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
The system of claim 10 wherein said first pair of track conductors is connected with an ordinary electric utility power line and where said voltage is 120 Volt/60 Hz.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
The system of claim 10 wherein at least one of the conductors of said second pair of track conductors is segmented into at least two separate pieces that are electrically non-connected with one another.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
129 words
A track lighting system comprising: a source of voltage of a first frequency; a voltage conditioning means connected in circuit with said source of voltage and adapted to provide at a pair of output terminals a voltage of a second frequency, said second frequency being substantially different from said first frequency; at least one track section having a first and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and releasably hold a plurality of track lighting units, said first pair of track conductors being connected with said source of voltage, said second pair of track conductors being connected with said output terminals; whereby lighting units requiring operating voltages of substantially different frequencies may simultaneously be used in and properly powered from said receptacle slot.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
129 words
A track lighting system comprising: a source of voltage of a first frequency; a voltage conditioning means connected in circuit with said source of voltage and adapted to provide at a pair of output terminals a voltage of a second frequency, said second frequency being substantially different from said first frequency; at least one track section having a first and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and releasably hold a plurality of track lighting units, said first pair of track conductors being connected with said source of voltage, said second pair of track conductors being connected with said output terminals; whereby lighting units requiring operating voltages of substantially different frequencies may simultaneously be used in and properly powered from said receptacle slot.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
27 words
The system of claim 13 wherein said source of voltage is an ordinary electric utility power line and wherein said voltage conditioning means comprises a frequency converter.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
34 words
The system of claim 13 wherein said voltage conditioning means is adapted to plug into said receptacle slot, thereby to make contact with both said first pair and said second pair of track conductors.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
104 words
A combination comprising: frequency converter means operative to connect with the power line voltage of an ordinary electric utility power line and, when so connected, to provide an AC voltage to a pair of track conductors in an electrical power track means, the AC voltage being of frequency substantially different from that of the power line voltage, the track conductors being accessible for connection with a load means, the power track being adapted for mounting on a substantially flat surface; and track lighting means operative to make contact with the track conductors and to provide light in response to the AC voltage provided thereat.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
104 words
A combination comprising: frequency converter means operative to connect with the power line voltage of an ordinary electric utility power line and, when so connected, to provide an AC voltage to a pair of track conductors in an electrical power track means, the AC voltage being of frequency substantially different from that of the power line voltage, the track conductors being accessible for connection with a load means, the power track being adapted for mounting on a substantially flat surface; and track lighting means operative to make contact with the track conductors and to provide light in response to the AC voltage provided thereat.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
46 words
The combination of claim 16 wherein: (i) the frequency of the AC voltage is substantially higher than that of the power line voltage, and (ii) the track lighting means is operative to be properly powered by the AC voltage but not by the power line voltage.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
82 words
The combination of claim 16 wherein: (i) the frequency of the AC voltage is substantially higher than that of the power line voltage, and (ii) the magnitude of the AC voltage is approximately the same as that of the power line voltage: thereby permitting the use of track lighting means particularly adapted to be powered by an AC voltage of magnitude about equal to that of the power line voltage, but of frequency substantially higher than that of the power line voltage.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
163 words
A track lighting system comprising: a set of track sections, each section having at least a first pair and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and removably hold a number of track plug-in units, each track plug-in unit being operable upon insertion into the receptacle slot to make contact with at least one of said pairs of track conductors; means by which to connect voltage from an ordinary electric utility power line to said first pair of track conductors; and a plurality of track plug-in units, at least one of said track plug-in units being a voltage-conditioning adapter operable to make contact with both said first pair and said second pair of track conductors and to effect flow of power therebetween, and at least one of said track plug-in units being a track lighting unit operable to make contact with said second pair of track conductors and to be powered by way of said voltage-conditioning adapter.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
163 words
A track lighting system comprising: a set of track sections, each section having at least a first pair and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and removably hold a number of track plug-in units, each track plug-in unit being operable upon insertion into the receptacle slot to make contact with at least one of said pairs of track conductors; means by which to connect voltage from an ordinary electric utility power line to said first pair of track conductors; and a plurality of track plug-in units, at least one of said track plug-in units being a voltage-conditioning adapter operable to make contact with both said first pair and said second pair of track conductors and to effect flow of power therebetween, and at least one of said track plug-in units being a track lighting unit operable to make contact with said second pair of track conductors and to be powered by way of said voltage-conditioning adapter.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system of claim 19 wherein said voltage-conditioning adapter comprises frequency and voltage converting means.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system of claim 20 wherein said voltage-conditioning adapter also comprises power line isolation means.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
116 words
A track lighting system comprising: a track section having a first pair and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and releasably hold a plurality of track plug-in units and track plug-in adapters, said first pair of track conductors being provided with the voltage from a regular electric utility power line; at least one track plug-in lighting unit adapted to plug into and make contact with said second pair of track conductors; and at least one track plug-in adapter adapted to plug into and make contact with both said first pair and said second pair of track conductors and, when so plugged in, operable to effect flow of power therebetween.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
116 words
A track lighting system comprising: a track section having a first pair and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot adapted to receive and releasably hold a plurality of track plug-in units and track plug-in adapters, said first pair of track conductors being provided with the voltage from a regular electric utility power line; at least one track plug-in lighting unit adapted to plug into and make contact with said second pair of track conductors; and at least one track plug-in adapter adapted to plug into and make contact with both said first pair and said second pair of track conductors and, when so plugged in, operable to effect flow of power therebetween.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 22 wherein said at least one track plug-in adapter comprises frequency conversion means.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system of claim 23 wherein said frequency conversion means provides for voltage magnitude transformation.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
134 words
A voltage-conditioning adapter for a track lighting system, said track lighting system having a track section with a first and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot, said first pair of track conductors being connected with a source of electric power, said adapter comprising: plug-in means having a first pair and a second pair of terminal and being insertable into said receptacle slot, thereby to provide for direct electrical contact between said first pair of track conductors and said first pair of terminals, as well as between said second pair of track conductors and said second pair of terminals; and voltage conditioning means connected in circuit between said first pair of terminals and said second pair of terminals, said voltage conditioning means being operable to effect flow of electric power therebetween.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
134 words
A voltage-conditioning adapter for a track lighting system, said track lighting system having a track section with a first and a second pair of track conductors and a receptacle slot, said first pair of track conductors being connected with a source of electric power, said adapter comprising: plug-in means having a first pair and a second pair of terminal and being insertable into said receptacle slot, thereby to provide for direct electrical contact between said first pair of track conductors and said first pair of terminals, as well as between said second pair of track conductors and said second pair of terminals; and voltage conditioning means connected in circuit between said first pair of terminals and said second pair of terminals, said voltage conditioning means being operable to effect flow of electric power therebetween.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
15 words
The adapter of claim 25 wherein said voltage conditioning means comprises a frequency conversion means.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
16 words
The adapter of claim 25 wherein said voltage conditioning means comprises a voltage magnitude transformation means.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
23 words
The adapter of claim 25 wherein said first pair of track conductors is adapted to connect with an ordinary electric utility power line.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
17 words
The adapter of claim 29 wherein said voltage conditioning means comprises a voltage and frequency conversion means.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-08-17 | 1991-02-16 | 1991-08-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-08-17 | 1995-02-16 | 1995-08-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-08-17 | 1999-02-16 | 1999-08-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |