US4686240A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for producing polyurethane foams using foam modifiers
Assignee: Lyondell Chemical Technology LP
•
Filing: 1985-10-25
•
Granted: 1987-08-11
•
Expires: 2005-10-25
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to a process for producing water-blown, flexible polyurethane foams for improved foam stability and molded water-blown, flexible polyurethane foams that are rapidly demoldable with improved green strength. The process involves the use of certain compounds ("foam modifiers") as hereinafter more specifically defined. The foam modifiers consist of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion and an anion of a Bronsted acid having a pKa of greater than 1 (other than: (a) an inorganic alkaline earth metal salt that has a water solubility of less than one gram of salt per 100 milliliters of water at 25° C., (b) alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate and (c) alkali metal sulphate).
Inventors
- 👤 Frederick E. Bailey, Jr.
- 👤 Michael W. Jorgenson
- 👤 Robert D. Whitman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 04:23
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J9/00; C08J9/04; C08G; C08G18/00; C08G18/06; C08G18/08; C08G18/16; C08G18/22; C08G18/225; C08G18/70; C08G18/72
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 129
Claim 1
Independent Claim
214 words
A process for producing flexible polyurethane foams having improved foam stability comprising reacting and foaming in one step a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100 and having greater than 50% primary hydroxy groups or greater than 50% secondary hydroxyl groups; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) water; and (4) a foam modifier consisting of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion and an anion of a Bronsted acid having a pKa of greater than 1, wherein said foam modifier is a foam modifier other than: (a) an inorganic alkaline earth metal salt that has a water solubility of less than one gram of salt per 100 milliliters of water at 25° C., (b) alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate or (c) alkali metal sulphate and wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 130 with the proviso that, when there are greater than 50% secondary hydroxyl groups in the polyol, there are greater than 5.5 by weight parts water per 100 parts by weight of the polyol and with the further proviso that, when there are greater than 50% primary hydroxyl groups in the polyol, there are greater than 3.5 parts by weight water per 100 parts by weight of the polyol.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
214 words
A process for producing flexible polyurethane foams having improved foam stability comprising reacting and foaming in one step a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100 and having greater than 50% primary hydroxy groups or greater than 50% secondary hydroxyl groups; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) water; and (4) a foam modifier consisting of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion and an anion of a Bronsted acid having a pKa of greater than 1, wherein said foam modifier is a foam modifier other than: (a) an inorganic alkaline earth metal salt that has a water solubility of less than one gram of salt per 100 milliliters of water at 25° C., (b) alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate or (c) alkali metal sulphate and wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 130 with the proviso that, when there are greater than 50% secondary hydroxyl groups in the polyol, there are greater than 5.5 by weight parts water per 100 parts by weight of the polyol and with the further proviso that, when there are greater than 50% primary hydroxyl groups in the polyol, there are greater than 3.5 parts by weight water per 100 parts by weight of the polyol.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an inorganic acid, other than an inorganic alkaline earth metal salt that has a water solubility of less than one gram of salt per 100 milliliters of water at 25° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is a salt of an alkali or alkaline earth metals and a carboxylic acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is potassium hydroxide.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is sodium hydroxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is trisodium phosphate or tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is disodium or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is sodium or potassium tetraborate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is sodium or potassium carbonate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is sodium acetate or potassium acetate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is potassium or sodium hexoate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is potassium or sodium chloroacetate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is potassium or sodium dichloroacetate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is lithium acetate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is calcium acetate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
62 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is produced by: (1) reacting a cyclic anhydride with one of the hydroxyl groups of a polyol to form a monoester containing at least one hydroxyl group and one carboxylic group and (2) then reacting the carboxylic group with an alkali metal hydroxide to produce a salt of the carboxylic group.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
56 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is produced by: (1) reacting one hydroxyl group of a polyol with an alkali metal hydroxide to produce an alkoxide and (2) then reacting the alkoxide with a cyclic anhydride to produce a salt of an ester having a carboxylic group derived from the anhydride.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol has a hydroxyl number from about 15 to about 85.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pKa of the foam modifier is greater than 2.5.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pKa of the foam modifier is greater than 3.5.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pKa is no greater than 13.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier has an Isocyanate Index from about 95 to about 120.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol has greater than 50% primary hydroxyl groups and there are greater than 3.5 parts by weight water per 100 parts by weight of a polyol.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol has greater than 50% secondary hydroxyl groups and there are greater than 5.5 parts by weight water per 100 parts by weight of a polyol.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein there are greater than 4.0 parts water per hundred parts polyol and there are greater than 65 percent primary hydroxy groups in the polyol.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein there are greater than 6.0 parts water per hundred parts polyol and there are greater than 70 percent secondary hydroxy groups in the polyol.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein there are no more than 12 parts water per 100 parts by weight of polyol in the reaction mixture.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol is a polymer/polyol.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol is a polymer/polyol in which the polymer is present in an amount from 1 to 65 weight percent based on the weight of the polymer/polyol.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide triol.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide tetrol.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide hexol.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as claimed in claim 31, 32 or 33 wherein the alkylene oxide units are propylene oxide units.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process as claimed in claim 31, 32 or 33 wherein the alkylene oxide is a mixture of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide where at least some of the ethylene oxide is a cap.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate is a mixture of tolylene diisocyanates.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric polymethylene poly(phenylene isocyanate).
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate is 4,4'-diphenylmethylene diisocyanate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate is a mixture of 4,4'-diphenylmethylene diisocyanate and a polymethylene poly(phenyleneisocyanate).
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction mixture contains an alkanoic acid to increase the number of open cells in the foam.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction mixture contains a catalytic amount of an amine catalyst.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction mixture contains a catalytic amount of an amine catalyst selected from a group consisting of bis(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, trimethylamine, triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, dimethylaminoethyl morpholine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylhexanediamine, N-ethyl-morpholine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, N,N,N'N'-tetramethyl-1,3-butanediamine, triethanolamine, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, pyridine oxide.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction mixture contains a catalytic amount of bis(N,N-di-methylaminoethyl)ether or 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the the reaction mixture contains a catalytic amount of a tin, lead or copper salt or a tin, lead or copper organo-metallic compound.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction material is essentially free of tin, lead or copper or a tin, lead or copper organo-metallic compound.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction material contains an auxiliary blowing agent.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the auxiliary blowing agent is a member selected from the group consisting of trichloromonofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, dichloromonofluoromethane, methylene chloride, trichloromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, hexafluoro-cyclobutane and octafluorocyclobutane.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein a slabstock polyurethane foam is produced.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein a molded polyurethane foam is produced in a mold.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 or 18 wherein the cyclic anhydride is succinic anhydride, the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide glycol, triol, tetrol or hexol and the hydroxide is potassium or sodium hydroxide.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the foam modifier is an alkali or alkaline metal salt of a polycarboxy-substituted polyether.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 or 18 wherein the cyclic anhydride is the maleic anhydride, the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide glycol, triol, tetrol or hexol and the hydroxide is potassium or sodium hydroxide.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is potassium or sodium oleate.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is the potassium or sodium salt of a para-aminobenzoic acid.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is a potassium or sodium salt of the half acid produced by amidation of succinic anhydride with diethanolamine.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is a potassium or sodium salt of a half acid produced by esterification of succinic anhydride with dimethylaminoethoxyethanol.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide polyol capped with from 3 to 10 wt.-% ethylene oxide and having a primary hydroxy content of greater than 70 mol. %.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is a potassium or sodium salt of the half-acid of succinic anhydride and an alkoxypolyethyleneoxyethanol.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
175 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is a triorganosiloxy endblocked polyoxyalkylene siloxane polymer of the general formula: ##STR8## wherein: R is selected from the group consisting of monovalent hydrocarbon and halogenated hydrocarbon radicals free of aliphatic unsaturation containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, R' is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms inclusive, R" is a divalent hydrocarbon radical free of aliphatic unsaturation containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms inclusive, R'" is selected from the group consisting of a divalent and trivalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, R"" is hydrogen, R or acyl, A is selected from the group consisting of an alkali or alkaline earth metal, n has a value of from 0 to 25 inclusive, x has a value of from 0 to 100 inclusive, y has a value of from 1 to 100 inclusive, z,z' has a value of from 0 to 100 inclusive, and w has a value of from 1 to 2 inclusive.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
99 words
A process as claimed in claim 59 wherein, in the general formula, R is a methyl radical, R' is a propylene radical, R" is an ethylene and/or propylene radical, R'" is an ethylene radical, R"" is hydrogen, a methyl radical or an acyl radical, the value of n is within the range of 3 to 15, the value of x is within the range of from 0 to 25, the value of y is within the range of from 1 to 25, the value of z is within the range of from 1 to 20, and w is 1.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 gram milliequivalents per 100 grams of the polyol.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
138 words
A process for producing molded flexible polyurethane foams having improved combustion resistance and green strength comprising reacting and foaming in one step in a mold a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) water; and (4) a foam modifier consisting of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion and an anion of a Bronsted acid having a pKa of greater than 1, wherein said foam modifier is a foam modifier other than: (a) an inorganic alkaline earth metal salt that has a water solubility of less than one gram of salt per 100 milliliters of water at 25° C., (b) alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate and (c) alkali metal sulphate and wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 130.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
138 words
A process for producing molded flexible polyurethane foams having improved combustion resistance and green strength comprising reacting and foaming in one step in a mold a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) water; and (4) a foam modifier consisting of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion and an anion of a Bronsted acid having a pKa of greater than 1, wherein said foam modifier is a foam modifier other than: (a) an inorganic alkaline earth metal salt that has a water solubility of less than one gram of salt per 100 milliliters of water at 25° C., (b) alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate and (c) alkali metal sulphate and wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 130.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the demold time of the molded foam is from 2.5 to 4 minutes and the Puncture Cure values of the molded foam are from 5 to 12.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the demold time of the molded foam is from 1.4 to 4.5 minutes and the Puncture Cure values of the molded foam are from 5 to 12.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of an inorganic acid.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is a salt of an alkali or alkaline earth metals and a carboxylic acid.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is potassium hydroxide.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is sodium hydroxide.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is trisodium or tripotassium phosphate.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is sodium or potassium hydrogen phosphate.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is sodium or potassium tetraborate.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is sodium or potassium carbonate.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is sodium or potassium acetate.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is potassium or sodium hexoate.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is potassium or sodium chloroacetate.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is potassium or sodium dichloroacetate.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is lithium acetate.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is calcium acetate.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
62 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is produced by: (1) reacting a cyclic anhydride with one of the hydroxyl groups of a polyol to form a monoester containing at least one hydroxyl group and one carboxylic group and (2) then reacting the carboxylic group with an alkali metal hydroxide to produce a salt of the carboxylic group.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
53 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is produced by: (1) reacting one hydroxyl group of a polyol with an alkali metal hydroxide to produce an alkoxide and (2) then reacting the alkoxide with a cyclic anhydride to produce a salt of a carboxylic group derived from the anhydride.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyol has a hydroxyl number from about 25 to about 85.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the pKa of the foam modifier is greater than 2.5.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the pKa of the foam modifier is greater than 3.5.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the pKa is no greater than 13.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier has an Isocyanate Index from about 95 to about 120.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein there are greater than 4.0 parts water per hundred parts polyol and there are greater than 65 percent primary hydroxy groups in the polyol.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein there are greater than 6.0 parts water per hundred parts polyol and there are greater than 70 percent secondary hydroxy groups in the polyol.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein there are no more than 12 parts water per 100 parts by weight of polyol in the reaction mixture.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyol is a polymer/polyol.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyol is a polymer/polyol in which the polymer is present in an amount from 1 to 65 weight percent based on the weight of the polymer/polyol.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide triol.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide tetrol.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide hexol.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as claimed in claim 92, 93 or 95 wherein the alkylene oxide units are propylene oxide units.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process as claimed in claim 52, 93 or 94 wherein the alkylene oxide is a mixture of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide where at least some of the ethylene oxide is a cap.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyisocyanate is a mixture of tolylene diisocyanates.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyisocyanate is a polymeric polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the polyisocyanate is 4,4'-diphenylmethylene diisocyanate.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the poly isocyanate is a mixture of 4,4'-diphenylmethylene diisocyanate and a polymethylene poly(phenyleneisocyanate.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the reaction mixture contains an alkanoic acid to increase the number of open cells in the foam.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the reaction mixture contains a catalytic amount of an amine catalyst.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the reaction mixture contains a catalytic amount of an amine catalyst selected from a group consisting of bis(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, trimethylamine, triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, dimethylaminoethyl morpholine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylhexanediamine, N-ethyl-morpholine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, N,N,N'N'-tetramethyl-1,3-butanediamine, triethanolamine, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, pyridine oxide.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the reaction mixture contains a catalytic amount of bis(N,N-di-methylaminoethyl)ether or 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the the reaction mixture contains a catalytic amount of a tin, lead or copper salt or a tin, lead or copper organo-metallic foam modifier.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the reaction material is essentially free of tin, lead or copper or a tin, lead or copper organo-metallic compound.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the reaction material contains an auxiliary blowing agent.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the auxiliary blowing agent is member selected from the group consisting of trichloromonofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, dichloromonofluoromethane, methylene chloride, trichloromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, hexafluorocyclobutane and octafluorocyclobutane.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process as claimed in claim 81 or 82 wherein the cyclic anhydride is succinic anhydride, the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide glycol or triol and the hydroxide is potassium or sodium hydroxide.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 in which the foam modifier which is alkali or alkali metal salt of a polycarboxy-substituted polyether.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process as claimed in claim 80 or 81 wherein the cyclic anhydride is the maleic anhydride, the polyol is a polyalkylene oxide glycol or triol and the hydroxide is potassium or sodium hydroxide.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is potassium or sodium oleate.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is a potassium or sodium salt of a para-aminobenzoic acid.
Claim 116
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is the potassium or sodium salt of the half-acid produced by amidation succinic anhydride with diethanolamine.
Claim 117
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is the potassium or sodium salt of the half acid produced by esterifying of succinic anhydride with dimethylaminoethoxyethanol.
Claim 118
Dependent Claim
175 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is a triorganosiloxy endblocked polyoxyalkylene siloxane polymer of the general formula: ##STR9## wherein: R is selected from the group consisting of monovalent hydrocarbon and halogenated hydrocarbon radicals free of aliphatic unsaturation containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, R' is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms inclusive, R" is a divalent hydrocarbon radical free of aliphatic unsaturation containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms inclusive, R'" is selected from the group consisting of a divalent and trivalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, R"" is hydrogen, R or acyl, A is selected from the group consisting of an alkali or alkaline earth metal, n has a value of from 0 to 25 inclusive, x has a value of from 0 to 100 inclusive, y has a value of from 1 to 100 inclusive, z,z' has a value of from 0 to 100 inclusive, and w has a value of from 1 to 2 inclusive.
Claim 119
Dependent Claim
99 words
A process as claimed in claim 116 wherein, in the general formula, R is a methyl radical, R' is a propylene radical, R" is an ethylene and/or propylene radical, R'" is an ethylene radical, R"" is hydrogen, a methyl radical or an acyl radical, the value of n is within the range from 3 to 15, the value of x is within the range of from 0 to 25, the value of y is within the range of from 1 to 25, the value of z is within the range of from 1 to 20, and w is 1.
Claim 120
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 gram milliequivalents per 100 grams of the polyol.
Claim 121
Dependent Claim
11 words
A molded flexible polyurethane foam produced as claimed in claim 52.
Claim 122
Dependent Claim
146 words
A process for producing flexible polyurethane foams having improved foam stability comprising reacting and foaming in one step a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyoxyalkylene polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100 and having greater than 65% primary hydroxy groups; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) water in an amount greater than 4 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weights of the polyol; (4) a foam modifier that is an alkali metal or alkaline salt of a carboxylic acid, said acid being a Bronsted acid having a pKa from 2.5 to 13; and said foam modifier being present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 gram milliequivalents per 100 grams of the polyol; (5) a silicone surfactant; and (6) an amine catalyst for polyurethane formation, wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 30.
Claim 123
Dependent Claim
146 words
A process for producing flexible polyurethane foams having improved foam stability comprising reacting and foaming in one step a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyoxyalkylene polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100 and having greater than 65% primary hydroxy groups; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) water in an amount greater than 4 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weights of the polyol; (4) a foam modifier that is an alkali metal or alkaline salt of a carboxylic acid, said acid being a Bronsted acid having a pKa from 2.5 to 13; and said foam modifier being present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 gram milliequivalents per 100 grams of the polyol; (5) a silicone surfactant; and (6) an amine catalyst for polyurethane formation, wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 30.
Claim 124
Dependent Claim
149 words
A process for producing flexible polyurethane foams having improved foam stability comprising reacting and foaming in one step a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyoxyalkylene polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100 and having greater than 70% secondary hydroxyl groups; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) water in an amount greater than 6 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the polyol; (4) a foam modifier that is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a carboxylic acid, said acid being a Bronsted acid having a pKa of from 2.5 to 13, and said foam modifier being present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 gram milliequivalents per 100 grams of the polyol; (5) a silicone surfactant; and (6) an amine catalyst for polyurethane formation, wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 300.
Claim 125
Dependent Claim
149 words
A process for producing flexible polyurethane foams having improved foam stability comprising reacting and foaming in one step a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyoxyalkylene polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100 and having greater than 70% secondary hydroxyl groups; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) water in an amount greater than 6 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the polyol; (4) a foam modifier that is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a carboxylic acid, said acid being a Bronsted acid having a pKa of from 2.5 to 13, and said foam modifier being present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 gram milliequivalents per 100 grams of the polyol; (5) a silicone surfactant; and (6) an amine catalyst for polyurethane formation, wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 300.
Claim 126
Dependent Claim
174 words
A process for producing molded flexible polyurethane foams having improved combustion resistance and green strength comprising reacting and foaming in one step in a mold a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyalkylene oxide polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) from 2.5 to 10 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the polyol; (4) a foam modifier that is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a carboxylic acid, said acid being a Bronsted acid having a pKa from 2.5 to 13; and said foam modifier being present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 gram milliequivalents per 100 grams of the polyol; (5) a silicone surfactant; and (6) an amine catalyst for polyurethane formation, wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 130 and wherein the demold time of the molded foam is from 1.5 to 4.5 minutes and the Puncture Cure value of the molded foam is from 5 to 12.
Claim 127
Dependent Claim
174 words
A process for producing molded flexible polyurethane foams having improved combustion resistance and green strength comprising reacting and foaming in one step in a mold a reaction mixture comprising: (1) a polyalkylene oxide polyol having a hydroxyl number from about 10 to about 100; (2) an organic polyisocyanate; (3) from 2.5 to 10 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the polyol; (4) a foam modifier that is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a carboxylic acid, said acid being a Bronsted acid having a pKa from 2.5 to 13; and said foam modifier being present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 gram milliequivalents per 100 grams of the polyol; (5) a silicone surfactant; and (6) an amine catalyst for polyurethane formation, wherein said composition has an Isocyanate Index from about 90 to about 130 and wherein the demold time of the molded foam is from 1.5 to 4.5 minutes and the Puncture Cure value of the molded foam is from 5 to 12.
Claim 128
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foam modifier is a sodium or potassium alkoxide.
Claim 129
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as claimed in claim 52 wherein the foam modifier is a sodium or potassium alkoxide.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-08-10 | 1991-02-09 | 1991-08-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-08-10 | 1995-02-09 | 1995-08-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-08-10 | 1999-02-09 | 1999-08-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |