US4683494A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for video signal
Assignee: NEC Corp
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Filing: 1985-08-13
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Granted: 1987-07-28
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Expires: 2005-08-13
Abstract
Abstract A video coding apparatus having a quantizer that is controlled by a quantization control signal. Stationary picture elements are coded such that quantization is coarse, which reduces the output information for the picture elements in the stationary image region and increases compression of the signal. The apparatus may include a calculation system for calculating a distance of a stationary picture element from the moving image region. The quantization is performed more coarsely as the calculated distance becomes longer. The quantizer may also be controlled such that coarse quantization is performed over a plurality of frames for the picture elements in the stationary region, and at a predetermined interval finer quantization is performed with respect to the same stationary picture elements, for further improving the picture. Transition of a picture element from the stationary region to the moving region may be detected, and the quantizer may be controlled to perform fine quantization when the transition is detected, and thereafter perform coarse quantization.
Inventors
- 👤 Akihiro Furukawa
- 👤 Junichi Ohki
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 20:01
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N19/00; H04N19/10; H04N19/134; H04N19/146; H04N19/152; H04N19/102; H04N19/103; H04N19/112; H04N19/124; H04N19/50; H04N19/503
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
137 words
An inter-frame coding apparatus for an input video signal having a quantizer, which comprises: an input terminal for receiving said input video signal; means coupled to said input terminal for processing said input video signal to determine whether respective picture elements are of a moving video content or a stationary video content and to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said input terminal for delaying said input video signal to supply a delayed input video signal for said quantizer; and means coupled to said storing means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving-stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; said quantization control signal being applied to said quantizer to control said quantizer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
137 words
An inter-frame coding apparatus for an input video signal having a quantizer, which comprises: an input terminal for receiving said input video signal; means coupled to said input terminal for processing said input video signal to determine whether respective picture elements are of a moving video content or a stationary video content and to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said input terminal for delaying said input video signal to supply a delayed input video signal for said quantizer; and means coupled to said storing means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving-stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; said quantization control signal being applied to said quantizer to control said quantizer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
156 words
An inter-frame coding apparatus for an output video signal having a quantizer, which comprises: means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements are of a moving video content or a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; and means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving-stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; said quantization control signal being applied to said quantizer to control said quantizer; wherein said quantization characteristic determining means includes means for computing a distance between a picture element of said stationary video content and a picture element of said moving video content when said picture element of said stationary video signal is coded, said quantization characteristic determining means determining said quantization characteristic such that quantization is made coarser as the distance becomes longer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
156 words
An inter-frame coding apparatus for an output video signal having a quantizer, which comprises: means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements are of a moving video content or a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; and means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving-stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; said quantization control signal being applied to said quantizer to control said quantizer; wherein said quantization characteristic determining means includes means for computing a distance between a picture element of said stationary video content and a picture element of said moving video content when said picture element of said stationary video signal is coded, said quantization characteristic determining means determining said quantization characteristic such that quantization is made coarser as the distance becomes longer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
129 words
An inter-frame coding apparatus for an output video signal having a quantizer, which comprises: means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements are of a moving video content or a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; and means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving-stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; said quantization control signal being applied to said quantizer to control said quantizer; wherein said quantization characteristic determining means determines said quantization characteristics such that coarse quantization and fine quantization are alternatively made at predetermined intervals with respect to a picture element of said stationary video content.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
129 words
An inter-frame coding apparatus for an output video signal having a quantizer, which comprises: means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements are of a moving video content or a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; and means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving-stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; said quantization control signal being applied to said quantizer to control said quantizer; wherein said quantization characteristic determining means determines said quantization characteristics such that coarse quantization and fine quantization are alternatively made at predetermined intervals with respect to a picture element of said stationary video content.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
149 words
An inter-frame coding apparatus for an output video signal having a quantizer, which comprises: means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements are of a moving video content or a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; and means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving-stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; said quantization control signal being applied to said quantizer to control said quantizer; wherein said quantization characteristic determining means includes means for detecting a transit of a certain picture element from said moving video content to said stationary video content and determines said quantization characteristics such that fine quantization is performed with respect to said certain picture element when said transit is detected, followed by coarse quantization.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
149 words
An inter-frame coding apparatus for an output video signal having a quantizer, which comprises: means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements are of a moving video content or a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; and means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving-stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; said quantization control signal being applied to said quantizer to control said quantizer; wherein said quantization characteristic determining means includes means for detecting a transit of a certain picture element from said moving video content to said stationary video content and determines said quantization characteristics such that fine quantization is performed with respect to said certain picture element when said transit is detected, followed by coarse quantization.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
150 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: an input terminal for receiving said input video signal; means coupled to said input terminal for delaying said input video signal to deliver a delayed input video signal; means coupled to said delaying means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said delayed input video signal; means coupled to said input terminal for processing said input video signal to determine whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video content or to a stationary video content and to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; and means responsive to said quantization control signal for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
150 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: an input terminal for receiving said input video signal; means coupled to said input terminal for delaying said input video signal to deliver a delayed input video signal; means coupled to said delaying means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said delayed input video signal; means coupled to said input terminal for processing said input video signal to determine whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video content or to a stationary video content and to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means for determining a quantization characteristic in response to said moving stationary information signal stored in said storing means to produce a quantization control signal; and means responsive to said quantization control signal for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
138 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus comprising: an input terminal for receiving an input video signal, means coupled to said input terminal for delaying said input video signal, means coupled to said delaying means for determining a difference in amplitude of picture elements at the same location between one frame of said input video signal and a frame of a video signal which precedes said one frame; means for quantizing said difference, means coupled to said input terminal for detecting that particular picture elements in said one frame of said input video signal belong to a stationary image region, and means responsive to said detecting means for controlling said quantizing means such that the output of said quantizing means becomes zero with respect to the difference of said particular picture elements between said one frame and the preceding frame.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
138 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus comprising: an input terminal for receiving an input video signal, means coupled to said input terminal for delaying said input video signal, means coupled to said delaying means for determining a difference in amplitude of picture elements at the same location between one frame of said input video signal and a frame of a video signal which precedes said one frame; means for quantizing said difference, means coupled to said input terminal for detecting that particular picture elements in said one frame of said input video signal belong to a stationary image region, and means responsive to said detecting means for controlling said quantizing means such that the output of said quantizing means becomes zero with respect to the difference of said particular picture elements between said one frame and the preceding frame.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
153 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said input video signal; means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video content or to a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said storing means for computing a distance between a picture element of said stationary video content and a picture element of said moving video content when said picture element of said stationary video content is coded, to produce a quantization control signal; and means responsive to said quantization control signal for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal, whereby a quantization characteristic of said quantizing means is designated to be coarser in accordance with said distance computed by said computing means.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
153 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said input video signal; means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video content or to a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said storing means for computing a distance between a picture element of said stationary video content and a picture element of said moving video content when said picture element of said stationary video content is coded, to produce a quantization control signal; and means responsive to said quantization control signal for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal, whereby a quantization characteristic of said quantizing means is designated to be coarser in accordance with said distance computed by said computing means.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
149 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said input video signal; means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video content or to a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said storing means for producing a quantization switching control signal with respect to a picture element of said stationary video content when said stationary video content continues for a predetermined number of successive frame periods; and means responsive to said quantization switching control signal for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal, whereby a quantization characteristic of said quantizing means is alternately switched between coarse quantization and fine quantization in response to said quantization switching control signal.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
149 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said input video signal; means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video content or to a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said storing means for producing a quantization switching control signal with respect to a picture element of said stationary video content when said stationary video content continues for a predetermined number of successive frame periods; and means responsive to said quantization switching control signal for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal, whereby a quantization characteristic of said quantizing means is alternately switched between coarse quantization and fine quantization in response to said quantization switching control signal.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
127 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said input video signal; means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video content or to a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said storing means for detecting a transit of a certain picture element between said moving video content and said stationary video content to produce a quantization control signal; and means coupled to said detecting means for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal, whereby fine quantization is performed in response to said quantization control signal.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
127 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said input video signal; means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video content or to a stationary video content to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said storing means for detecting a transit of a certain picture element between said moving video content and said stationary video content to produce a quantization control signal; and means coupled to said detecting means for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal, whereby fine quantization is performed in response to said quantization control signal.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
153 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said input video signal; means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video region or to a stationary video region to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said storing means for calculating a distance from a picture element of said stationary video region to a picture element of said moving video region when said picture element of said stationary video region is coded; means for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal; and means coupled to said calculating means for controlling said quantizing means for setting a zone where the output of said quantizing means is set to zero, said zone becoming wider in response to said distance.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
153 words
An inter-frame predictive coding apparatus for an input video signal comprising: means for producing an inter-frame predictive error signal in response to said input video signal; means responsive to said input video signal for determining whether respective picture elements correspond to a moving video region or to a stationary video region to produce a moving-stationary information signal; means for storing said moving-stationary information signal of at least one frame period; means coupled to said storing means for calculating a distance from a picture element of said stationary video region to a picture element of said moving video region when said picture element of said stationary video region is coded; means for quantizing said inter-frame predictive error signal; and means coupled to said calculating means for controlling said quantizing means for setting a zone where the output of said quantizing means is set to zero, said zone becoming wider in response to said distance.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-07-27 | 1991-01-26 | 1991-07-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-07-27 | 1995-01-26 | 1995-07-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-07-27 | 1999-01-26 | 1999-07-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |