Non-dimer acidic polyamide from medium chain diacid having improved water solubility useful as flexographic/gravure ink binder

Claim 2

A polyamide resin obtained from the reaction of (A) an acid component substantially free of a polymeric fat acid comprised of a medium chain dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC--R 1 --COOH where R 1 is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing from 10-24 carbon atoms and (B) an amine component comprised of a diamine of the formula H.sub.2 N--R--NH.sub.2 where R is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 2-12 carbon atoms wherein the ratio of amine equivalents of said amine component to the carboxyl equivalents in said acid component is less than one so as to provide a resin having an acid value greater than 30 and the acid value exceeds the amine value by at least 20.

Claim 3

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 1 wherein the ratio of amine equivalents to carboxyl equivalents is less than about 0.9.

Claim 4

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 1 wherein the ratio of amine equivalents to carboxyl equivalents is in the range of about 0.50 to about 0.85.

Claim 5

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 1 wherein said acid component comprises (A) about X carboxyl equivalent percent of said medium chain dicarboxylic acid and (A') about Y carboxyl equivalent percent of a short chain dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC--(R.sub.2)n--COOH where R 2 l is a divalent, aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having from 2-8 carbion atoms, n is an integer of 0 or 1, and wherein the ratio of carboxyl equivalents of said short chain acid to carboxyl equivalents of said medium chain acid is in the range of about 4:1 to about 0.66:1.

Claim 6

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 4 wherein said ratio of short chain to medium chain acid is in the range of 3:1 to 0.8:1.

Claim 7

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 4 wherein said medium chain dicarboxylic acid is 2-n-hexyl-5-(7-carboxyl-n-heptyl)-cyclohex-3-ene carboxylic acid, said short chain dicarboxylic acid is one in which n is 1 and R 2 contains from 4-8 carbon atoms, and said diamine is selected from the group consisting of isophorone diamine and alkylene diamine wherein R has from 2-8 carbon atoms.

Claim 8

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 6 wherein said alkylene diamine is ethylene diamine.

Claim 9

A polyamide resin obtained from the reaction of (A) an acid component comprising (1) 20-100 carboxyl equivalent percent of a medium chain dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC--R.sub.1 --COOH where R 1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 10-24 carbon atoms; (2) 0-80 carboxyl equivalent percent of a short chain dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC(R.sub.2)n--COOH where R 2 is a divalent, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 2-8 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 0 or 1; and (3) 0-35 carboxyl equivalent percent of a monocarboxylic acid having the formula R.sub.3 COOH where R 3 is an alkyl group having from 1-5 carbon atoms; with (B) an amine component comprising a diamine of the formula H.sub.2 N--R--NH.sub.2 where R is a divalent, aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 2-12 carbon atoms; wherein the ratio of amine equivalents of said amine component to the carboxyl equivalents of said acid component is less than 1 so as to provide a resin having an acid value greater than 30 and wherein the acid value exceeds the amine value by at least 20.

Claim 10

A polyamide resin obtained from the reaction of (A) an acid component comprising (1) 20-100 carboxyl equivalent percent of a medium chain dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC--R.sub.1 --COOH where R 1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 10-24 carbon atoms; (2) 0-80 carboxyl equivalent percent of a short chain dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC(R.sub.2)n--COOH where R 2 is a divalent, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 2-8 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 0 or 1; and (3) 0-35 carboxyl equivalent percent of a monocarboxylic acid having the formula R.sub.3 COOH where R 3 is an alkyl group having from 1-5 carbon atoms; with (B) an amine component comprising a diamine of the formula H.sub.2 N--R--NH.sub.2 where R is a divalent, aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 2-12 carbon atoms; wherein the ratio of amine equivalents of said amine component to the carboxyl equivalents of said acid component is less than 1 so as to provide a resin having an acid value greater than 30 and wherein the acid value exceeds the amine value by at least 20.

Claim 11

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 8 wherein the ratio of amine equivalents to carboxyl equivalents is less than about 0.9.

Claim 12

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 8 wherein ratio of amine equivalents to carboxyl equivalents is about 0.50-0.85.

Claim 13

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 10 wherein said medium chain dicarboxylic acid is 2-n-hexyl-5-(7-carboxyl-n-heptyl)-cyclohex-3-ene carboxylic acid.

Claim 14

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 10 wherein said diamine is isophorone diamine.

Claim 15

A polyamide resin as defined in claim 10 wherein said diamine is ethylene diamine.

Claim 16

A polyamide resin obtained on condensation of isophorone diamine and a mixture of acids (a) 2-n-hexyl-5-(7-carboxyl-n-heptyl)-cyclohex-3-ene carboxylic acid, and (b) a short chain dicarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of adipic and azelaic acid wherein the ratio amine equivalents to carboxyl equivalents is in the range of about 0.50-0.85, so as to provide a resin having an acid value greater than 30.

Claim 17

A polyamide resin obtained on condensation of isophorone diamine and a mixture of acids (a) 2-n-hexyl-5-(7-carboxyl-n-heptyl)-cyclohex-3-ene carboxylic acid, and (b) a short chain dicarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of adipic and azelaic acid wherein the ratio amine equivalents to carboxyl equivalents is in the range of about 0.50-0.85, so as to provide a resin having an acid value greater than 30.

Claim 18

A polyamide as defined in claim 14 wherein the equivalents ratio of said short chain dicarboxylic acid (b) to acid (a) is 1:1 to 3:1.

Claim 19

A polyamide resin obtained by the condensation of ethylene diamine and a mixture of acids (a) 2-n-hexyl-5-(7-carboxyl-n-heptyl)-cyclohex-3-ene carboxylic acid, and (b) propionic acid wherein the ratio of amine equivalents to carboxyl equivalents is in the range of about 0.50-0.85 so as to provide a resin having an acid value greater than 30, and the equivalent rato of acid (a) to acid (b) is about 3:1.

Claim 20

A polyamide resin obtained by the condensation of ethylene diamine and a mixture of acids (a) 2-n-hexyl-5-(7-carboxyl-n-heptyl)-cyclohex-3-ene carboxylic acid, and (b) propionic acid wherein the ratio of amine equivalents to carboxyl equivalents is in the range of about 0.50-0.85 so as to provide a resin having an acid value greater than 30, and the equivalent rato of acid (a) to acid (b) is about 3:1.

Claim 21

A solution of the polyamide resin of claim 1 in an aqueous solvent containing an organic amine.

Claim 22

A solution as defined in claim 17 wherein said aqueous solvent contains said organic amine in an amount than about 5% of the aqueous solvent.

Claim 23

A flexographic/gravure ink composition comprised of the solution of claim 17 and a flexographic/gravure ink pigment.

Claim 24

A flexographic/gravure ink composition in accordance with claim 19 wherein the aqueous solvent contains an organic amine in an amount greater than about 5% by weight of the aqueous solvent.