US4680236A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrodeless heterogeneous polypyrrole composite
Assignee: Noveon IP Holdings Corp
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Filing: 1986-02-18
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Granted: 1987-07-14
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Expires: 2006-02-18
Abstract
Abstract A conductive composite is formed which consists of a host polymer and polypyrrole ("PP") deposited on and within the host polymer. Instead of using a conductor as a starting substrate, an insulating polymer is at least partially impregnated with sufficient pyrrole (PY) monomer to become conductive after the PY is polymerized. The polymerization is a chemical oxidative polymerization ("dip-polymerization") which, if carried out under anhydrous conditions, transforms the insulating polymer into a semiconductive composite consisting essentially of the host polymer containing a first species of conductive PP and a Group VIII metal halide counterion; thereafter, the semiconductive composite, containing the counterion, is used to electrodeposit on it a second species of conductive PP. The composite with the two species of PP and anions is used for EMI shielding, and in a host of applications where a lightweight organic resistance heating element is desired, for example in de-icers for the wings of an airplane, to melt snow on roof-tops and in gutters, and to warm a frigid seat in a vehicle.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald E. Myers
- 👤 Ephraim Buhks
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 13:32
CPC Classifications
H; H05; H05K; H05K9/00; H05K9/0073; H05K9/0081; C; C08; C08G; C08G61/00; C08G61/12; C08G61/122; C08G61/123; C08G61/124; H01; H01C; H01C7/00; H01C7/003; H01C7/005; H01C7/008; H05B; H05B3/00; H05B3/10; H05B3/12; H05B3/14; H05B3/146; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/31909
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 7
Claim 1
Independent Claim
157 words
A conductive composite consisting essentially of (i) a normally insulating host polymer having an arbitrary shape and sufficient thickness to have heterogeneously deposited, on and within said polymer, for a depth of at least 1 micron, (ii) a first poly(2,5-pyrrole) ("PP") species in combination with a counterion of a Group VIII metal halide represented by the structure ##STR3## wherein, n is an integer in the range from 2 to about 1000; M represents a Group VIII metal selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, and cobalt; and, X represents chlorine, or bromine; so that there is one MX - anion for each repeating unit consisting of from 3 to about 10 connected pyrrole rings, said combination of first species of PP and counterion being present in an amount sufficient to form a semiconductive composite; and, (iii) a conductive species electrodeposited on said semiconductive composite in an amount sufficient to increase the conductivity of said semiconductive composite.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
157 words
A conductive composite consisting essentially of (i) a normally insulating host polymer having an arbitrary shape and sufficient thickness to have heterogeneously deposited, on and within said polymer, for a depth of at least 1 micron, (ii) a first poly(2,5-pyrrole) ("PP") species in combination with a counterion of a Group VIII metal halide represented by the structure ##STR3## wherein, n is an integer in the range from 2 to about 1000; M represents a Group VIII metal selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, and cobalt; and, X represents chlorine, or bromine; so that there is one MX - anion for each repeating unit consisting of from 3 to about 10 connected pyrrole rings, said combination of first species of PP and counterion being present in an amount sufficient to form a semiconductive composite; and, (iii) a conductive species electrodeposited on said semiconductive composite in an amount sufficient to increase the conductivity of said semiconductive composite.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
47 words
The conductive composite of claim 1 wherein said host polymer has a surface resistivity less than 50 ohms/square, and said semiconductive composite has a conductivity in the range from about 10 -3 S/cm to 1 S/cm; and said conductive composite has a conductivity greater than 1 S/cm.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
159 words
The conductive composite of claim 2 wherein said host polymer is more than about 0.5 mm thick and said conductive species is a second PP species in combination with a counterion which combination may be represented by the structure ##STR4## wherein, n is an integer in the range from 2 to about 1000; X' represents an ion selected from the group consisting of HSO 4 - , BF 4 - , AsF 6 - , p--CH 3 --Ph--SO 3 - , ClO 4 - , m--NO 2 --Ph SO 3 - , CF 3 --SO 3 - , CH 3 (CH 2 ) 7 SO 3 - and PF 6 - ; Ph represents phenyl; so that there is one X' anion for each repeating unit consisting of from 3 to about 10 connected pyrrole rings, said combination of second PP species and counterion X' being present in an amount sufficient to increase the conductivity of said semiconductive composite.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The conductive composite of claim 2 wherein M is a metal selected from Groups Ib, IIb, VIb, and VIII of the Periodic Table.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The conductive composite of claim 3 wherein said normally insulating host polymer is a synthetic resinous material which is swellable by contact with pyrrole monomer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
The conductive composite of claim 3 wherein said normally insulating host polymer is a synthetic resinous material which is swellable by an organic solvent other than pyrrole, and said solvent is unreactive with pyrrole.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-07-13 | 1991-01-12 | 1991-07-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-07-13 | 1995-01-12 | 1995-07-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-01-12 | 1999-07-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |