US4647522A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Toner compositions containing certain cleaning additives
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1985-01-14
•
Granted: 1987-03-03
•
Expires: 2005-01-14
Abstract
Abstract A toner composition consisting essentially of resin particles, pigment particles, and oxide particles selected from the group consisting of individual additive particles of silicon oxides, aluminum oxides, and titanium oxides, which particles are prepared by a precipitation process and are of a diameter of from about 10 millimicrons to about 40 millimicrons.
Inventors
- 👤 Chin H. Lu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 05:16
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/09708; G03G9/09725
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
A toner composition consisting essentially of a mixture of first resin particles grafted to or containing a wax, said first particles being different from second particles, and second terpolymer particles, pigment particles, and irregularly shaped oxide particles selected from the group consisting of individual additive particles of silicon oxides, aluminum oxides, and titanium oxides, which particles are prepared by a precipitation process and are of a diameter of from about 10 millimicrons to about 40 millimicrons.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
76 words
A toner composition consisting essentially of a mixture of first resin particles grafted to or containing a wax, said first particles being different from second particles, and second terpolymer particles, pigment particles, and irregularly shaped oxide particles selected from the group consisting of individual additive particles of silicon oxides, aluminum oxides, and titanium oxides, which particles are prepared by a precipitation process and are of a diameter of from about 10 millimicrons to about 40 millimicrons.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the additive particles are present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the additive particles are silicon oxides.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin particles are comprised of styrene based polymers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
47 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the first resin particles are comprised of polystyrene polymers, with a wax of a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 10,000; and the second resin particles are comprised of a terpolymer of styrene, methacrylate, and acylonitrile.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the first resin particles are comprised of a styrene butylmethacrylate copolymer with polypropylene of a molecular weight of about 5,000.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition consisting essentially of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 7 wherein the carrier particles are comprised of a core of ferrites with a coating thereover.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 7 wherein the additive particles are silicon oxides.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment particles are carbon black.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 further including therein as second additive particles fatty acid metal salts.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
A tone composition in accordance with claim 11 wherein the fatty acid metal salt is zinc stearate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3720617A
Cited
US3983045A
Cited
US3900588A
Cited
US4345015A
Cited
US4301228A
Cited
US4288516A
Cited
US4395485A
Cited
US4430409A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-03-02 | 1990-09-01 | 1991-03-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-03-02 | 1994-09-01 | 1995-03-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-03-02 | 1998-09-01 | 1999-03-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |