US4640788A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Hydrocarbon compositions containing polyolefin graft polymers
Assignee: Afton Chemical Additives Corp
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Filing: 1985-04-29
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Granted: 1987-02-03
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Expires: 2005-04-29
Abstract
Abstract Lubricants of improved properties contain ethylene-propylene copolymers bearing graft units derived from, as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring.
Inventors
- 👤 Maria M. Kapuscinski
- 👤 Christopher S. Liu
- 👤 William P. Hart
- 👤 Larry D. Grina
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 12:40
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10M; C10M151/00; C10M151/02; C08; C08F; C08F255/00; C08F255/02; C10M143/00; C10M143/02; C10M143/04; C10M143/14; C10M143/16; C10M145/00; C10M145/02; C10M145/04; C10M149/00; C10M149/02; C10M149/10; C10M2205/00; C10M2205/02; C10M2205/022; C10M2205/024; C10M2205/08; C10M2205/10; C10M2209/00; C10M2209/02; C10M2209/04; C10M2215/00; C10M2215/02; C10M2215/06; C10M2215/064; C10M2217/00; C10M2217/02; C10M2217/028; C10M2217/06; C10M2219/00; C10M2219/04; C10M2219/044; C10M2221/00; C10M2221/02; C10M2221/04; C10M2221/041; C10M2223/00; C10M2223/02; C10M2223/04; C10M2223/045; C10M2229/00; C10M2229/02; C10M2229/04; C10M2229/05; C10N; C10N2010/00; C10N2010/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 51
Claim 1
Independent Claim
50 words
A graft polymer comprising an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer having graft polymerized thereon units derived from, as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
50 words
A graft polymer comprising an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer having graft polymerized thereon units derived from, as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said backbone polymer is a copolymer of ethylene-propylene or a terpolymer of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein the molecular weight M n of said backbone polymer is 10,000-1,000,000.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein the molecular weight M n of said backbone polymer is 20,000-200,000.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from crotonaldehyde.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a secondary amine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a primary amine.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a heterocyclic amine containing a secondary amine in a heterocyclic ring.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a piperazine.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pipecoline.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a pyrrolidine.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a N-methyl piperazine.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
A graft polymer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said graft polymer contains, per 1000 carbon atoms in the backbone polymer, 0.1-80 units derived from functional monomer.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
54 words
A graft polymer comprising an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer of molecular weight M n of 10,000-1,000,000 selected from ethylene-propylene or from ethylene-propylene-third monomer backbone polymers, said backbone polymer having graft polymerized thereon units derived from the functional monomer formed from (i) crotonaldehyde and (ii) N-methyl piperazine or pyrrolidine or N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine or 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pipecoline.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
54 words
A graft polymer comprising an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer of molecular weight M n of 10,000-1,000,000 selected from ethylene-propylene or from ethylene-propylene-third monomer backbone polymers, said backbone polymer having graft polymerized thereon units derived from the functional monomer formed from (i) crotonaldehyde and (ii) N-methyl piperazine or pyrrolidine or N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine or 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pipecoline.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
109 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer which comprises intimately admixing in a reaction mixture a free radical initiator and (i) an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer, and (ii), as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring, maintaining the temperature of the reaction mixture at a temperature at least as high as the decomposition temperature of said initiator thereby effecting decomposition of said initiator and graft polymerization of said functional monomer onto said backbone polymer to form graft polymer; and recovering said graft polymer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
109 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer which comprises intimately admixing in a reaction mixture a free radical initiator and (i) an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer, and (ii), as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring, maintaining the temperature of the reaction mixture at a temperature at least as high as the decomposition temperature of said initiator thereby effecting decomposition of said initiator and graft polymerization of said functional monomer onto said backbone polymer to form graft polymer; and recovering said graft polymer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein the molecular weight M n of said backbone polymer is 10,000-1,000,000.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein the molecular weight M n of said backbone polymer is 20,000-200,000.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a ketone or aldehyde containing an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from cinnamaldehyde.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from crotonaldehyde.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a secondary amine.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a heterocyclic amine containing a secondary amine in a heterocyclic ring.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a primary amine.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a piperazine.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pipecoline.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a pyrrolidine.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from N-methyl piperazine.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer as claimed in claim 16 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
108 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer which comprises initially admixing in a reaction mixture (i) an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer of molecular weight M n of 10,000-1,000,000 selected from ethylene-propylene or from ethylene-propylene-third monomer backbone polymers, (ii) as functional monomer the reaction product of crotonaldehyde and N-methyl piperazine, pyrrolidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine or 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pipecoline, and (iii) a free radical initiator; maintaining the temperature of the reaction mixture or a temperature at least as high as the decomposition temperature of said initiator thereby effecting decomposition of said initiator and graft polymerization of said functional monomer onto said backbone polymer to form graft polymer; and recovering said graft polymer.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
108 words
The process for preparing a graft polymer which comprises initially admixing in a reaction mixture (i) an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer of molecular weight M n of 10,000-1,000,000 selected from ethylene-propylene or from ethylene-propylene-third monomer backbone polymers, (ii) as functional monomer the reaction product of crotonaldehyde and N-methyl piperazine, pyrrolidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine or 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pipecoline, and (iii) a free radical initiator; maintaining the temperature of the reaction mixture or a temperature at least as high as the decomposition temperature of said initiator thereby effecting decomposition of said initiator and graft polymerization of said functional monomer onto said backbone polymer to form graft polymer; and recovering said graft polymer.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
71 words
A lubricating oil composition containing a major portion of a lubricating oil and a minor effective viscosity index improving amount of a graft polymer comprising an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer having graft polymerized thereon units derived from, as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
71 words
A lubricating oil composition containing a major portion of a lubricating oil and a minor effective viscosity index improving amount of a graft polymer comprising an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer having graft polymerized thereon units derived from, as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
24 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said backbone polymer is a copolymer of ethylene-propylene or a terpolymer of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein the molecular weight M n of said backbone polymer is 10,000-1,000,000.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
21 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein the molecular weight M n of said backbone polymer is 20,000-200,000.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
18 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from cinnamyl aldehyde.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
17 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from crotonaldehyde.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
19 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a secondary amine.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
27 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a heterocyclic amine containing a secondary amine in a heterocyclic ring.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a primary amine.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
18 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a piperazine.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
17 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pipecoline.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
18 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from a pyrrolidine.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
18 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from N-methyl piperazine.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
17 words
A lubricating oil composition as claimed in claim 31 wherein said functional monomer is prepared from N-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
74 words
A lubricating oil composition containing a major portion of a lubricating oil and a minor effective viscosity index improving portion of 0.2-5 w% of a graft polymer comprising an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer having graft polymerized thereon units derived from, as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
74 words
A lubricating oil composition containing a major portion of a lubricating oil and a minor effective viscosity index improving portion of 0.2-5 w% of a graft polymer comprising an oil-soluble, substantially linear, carbon-carbon backbone polymer having graft polymerized thereon units derived from, as a functional monomer, the reaction product of (i) an unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and (ii) a primary or secondary amine which contains at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-02-02 | 1990-08-04 | 1991-02-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-02-02 | 1994-08-04 | 1995-02-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-02-02 | 1998-08-04 | 1999-02-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |