US4630665A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Bonding aluminum to refractory materials
Assignee: Alcoa Corp
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Filing: 1985-08-26
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Granted: 1986-12-23
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Expires: 2005-08-26
Abstract
Abstract A method for bonding aluminum and aluminum alloys to refractory materials. A body of metal is heated to an elevated temperature at a total pressure above the vapor pressure of aluminum but less than atmospheric pressure. Oxygen partial pressure is maintained sufficiently low to prevent substantial oxidation of the metal. The heated body is contacted with a mass of refractory material and cooled, thereby forming a composite.
Inventors
- 👤 John W. Novak, Jr.
- 👤 Dennis R. Raines
- 👤 Donald J. Bray
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 14:23
CPC Classifications
B; B22; B22D; B22D19/00; B22D19/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
99 words
A method of bonding aluminum and aluminum alloys to a refractory material, comprising (a) heating a body of aluminum or an aluminum alloy to a temperature of about 1100°-1500° C., (b) controlling total pressure adjacent the heated body above the vapor pressure of aluminum but less than about 1,000 microns Hg, (c) maintaining the partial pressure of oxygen adjacent the heated body sufficiently low to prevent substantial oxidation of the body, the contact angle between the heated body and refractory material being less than about 45°, and (d) contacting the heated body with a mass comprising a refractory material.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
99 words
A method of bonding aluminum and aluminum alloys to a refractory material, comprising (a) heating a body of aluminum or an aluminum alloy to a temperature of about 1100°-1500° C., (b) controlling total pressure adjacent the heated body above the vapor pressure of aluminum but less than about 1,000 microns Hg, (c) maintaining the partial pressure of oxygen adjacent the heated body sufficiently low to prevent substantial oxidation of the body, the contact angle between the heated body and refractory material being less than about 45°, and (d) contacting the heated body with a mass comprising a refractory material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said refractory material comprises alumina fibers or carbon fibers or mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said body is heated to a temperature of about 1200°-1300° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the body is heated to a sufficiently high temperature to obtain a contact angle between the body and refractory material of less than about 30°.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the total pressure adjacent said body is at least twice the vapor pressure of aluminum.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein step (c) includes performing step (d) in the presence of an oxygen-getter comprising carbon.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein step (c) includes holding said body in a vessel comprising a non-oxide refractory substance.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the partial pressure of oxygen is less than about 10 microns Hg.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 1 further comprising (e) cooling said body and said mass, thereby to form a composite comprising aluminum or an aluminum alloy and a refractory material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein step (c) includes holding said body in a graphite vessel.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein there is no pressure differential between the heated body and refractory material.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
169 words
A method of forming a composite comprising a metal matrix reinforced by fibers of a refractory material without application of a pressure differential, said method comprising (a) providing a mold defining a mold cavity containing a mass of fibers of a refractory material, said fibers forming a network defining a plurality of interstices, (b) heating a body of aluminum or an aluminum alloy to a temperature of about 1200°-1500° C., (c) introducing the heated body into the mold cavity so that the body contacts the mass of fibers, while controlling total pressure adjacent the heated body above the vapor pressure of aluminum but less than about 1,000 microns Hg and maintaining the partial pressure of oxygen adjacent the heated body sufficiently low to prevent substantial oxidation, said heated body thereby being drawn by capillarity into the interstices of said mass, and (d) cooling said body and said refractory material, thereby to form a composite comprising a matrix of aluminum or aluminum alloy reinforced by a network of refractory fibers.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
169 words
A method of forming a composite comprising a metal matrix reinforced by fibers of a refractory material without application of a pressure differential, said method comprising (a) providing a mold defining a mold cavity containing a mass of fibers of a refractory material, said fibers forming a network defining a plurality of interstices, (b) heating a body of aluminum or an aluminum alloy to a temperature of about 1200°-1500° C., (c) introducing the heated body into the mold cavity so that the body contacts the mass of fibers, while controlling total pressure adjacent the heated body above the vapor pressure of aluminum but less than about 1,000 microns Hg and maintaining the partial pressure of oxygen adjacent the heated body sufficiently low to prevent substantial oxidation, said heated body thereby being drawn by capillarity into the interstices of said mass, and (d) cooling said body and said refractory material, thereby to form a composite comprising a matrix of aluminum or aluminum alloy reinforced by a network of refractory fibers.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said body is heated to a temperature of about 1200°-1300° C.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said refractory material comprises alumina or carbon or mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 12 wherein step (c) includes holding said body in a graphite vessel.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 12 wherein the contact angle between the heated body and refractory material is less than about 45°.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 12 wherein the contact angle between the heated body and refractory material is less than about 30°.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-12-22 | 1990-06-23 | 1990-12-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-12-22 | 1994-06-23 | 1994-12-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-06-23 | 1998-12-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |