Photoconductive film of azulenium salt and electrophotographic photosensitive member

Claim 2

A photoconductive member which comprises an electroconductive substrate and at least one of the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (1)-(9) as shown below; ##STR38## wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 is hydrogen, halogen, or an organic monovalent residue and at least one of the combinations (R 1 and R 2 ), (R 2 and R 3 ), (R 3 and R 4 ), (R 4 and R 5 ), (R 5 and R 6 ) and (R 6 and R 7 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring; each of R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , and R 19 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, nitro, or acryl and at least one of the combinations (R 8 and R 9 ), (R 9 and R 10 ), (R 10 and R 11 ), (R 11 and R 12 ), (R 12 and R 13 ), (R 14 and R 15 ), (R 15 and R 16 ), (R 16 and R 17 ), (R 17 and R 18 ), and (R 18 and R 19 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring; R 20 is hydrogen, nitro, alkyl, or aryl; n 1 is 0, 1, or 2; each of R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 , R 25 , R 26 , R 27 , and R 28 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, or nitro, and at least one of the combinations (R 21 and R 22 ), (R 22 and R 23 ), (R 23 and R 24 ), (R 25 and R 26 ), (R 26 and R 27 ) and (R 27 and R 28 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; X 1 is oxygen, sulfur, or selenium; R 29 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, or aryl; n 2 is 0, 1, or 2; each of R 30 and R 31 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, and R 30 and R 31 may be joined together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a ring; each of Ar 1 and Ar 2 is substituted or unsubstituted arylene; each of R 32 , R 33 , and R 34 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted styryl, substituted or unsubstituted 4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring group and the combination (R 32 and R 33 ) or (R 33 and R 34 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring; R 35 is hydrogen, nitro, alkyl, or aryl; X 2 is oxygen, sulfur, or selenium; A is an atomic group necessary to complete pyran, thiapyran, selenapyran, benzopyran, benzothiapyran, benzoselenapyran, naphthopyran, naphthothiapyran, or naphthoselenapyran which may be substituted; m 1 is 0, 1, or 2; m 2 is 0, or 1; each of R 36 and R 37 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, and R 36 and R 37 may be joined together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a ring; each of Ar 3 and Ar 4 is substituted or unsubstituted arylene; each of R 38 , R 39 , R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 is hydrogen, halogen, or an organic monovalent residue; X 3 is an atomic group necessary to form a substitued or unsubstituted, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered aromatic ring; at least one of the combinations (R 38 and an aromatic ring formed by X 3 ), (an aromatic ring formed by X 3 and R 39 ), (R 39 and R 40 ), (R 40 and R 41 ), and (R 41 and R 42 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; Diorg is an organic divalent residue linked with a double bond; Z.sup.⊖ is an anionic residue.

Claim 3

A photoconductive film according to claim 1, wherein the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (7)-(9) are the compounds represented by the formulae (10)-(20) as shown below; ##STR39## wherein Q.sup.⊕ is ##STR40## each of R 38 , R 39 , R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 is hydrogen, halogen or an organic monovalent residue; X 3 is an atomic group necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted 5-, 6-, or 7-membered aromatic ring; at least one of the combinations (R 38 and an aromatic ring formed by X 3 ), (an aromatic ring formed by X 3 and R 39 ), (R 39 and R 40 ), (R 40 and R 41 ), and (R 41 and R 42 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; each of R' 38 , R' 39 , R' 40 , R' 41 , and R' 42 is hydrogen, halogen or an organic monovalent residue; X' 3 is an atomic group necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted (5-, 6-, or 7-membered aromatic ring); at least one of the combinations (R' 38 and an aromatic ring formed by X' 3 ), (an aromatic ring formed by X' 3 and R' 39 ), (R' 39 and R' 40 ), (R' 40 and R' 41 ), and (R' 41 and R' 42 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; R 43 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, or aryl; n 3 is 0, 1, or 2; each of R" 38 , R" 39 , R" 40 , R" 41 , R" 42 , and R" 43 is hydrogen, halogen, or an organic monovalent residue, and at least one of the combinations (R" 39 and R" 40 ), (R" 40 and R" 41 ), (R" 41 and R" 42 ), and (R" 42 and R" 43 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; X 4 is a nonmetal atomic group necessary to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; R 44 is alkyl, substituted alkyl, cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl, substituted aralkyl, aryl, or substituted aryl; m 3 is 0, 1, or 2; R 45 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl; R 46 is a monovalent heterocyclic ring group derived from a heterocyclic ring; R 47 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl; X 5 is an atomic group necessary to complete pyran, thiapyran, selenapyran, benzopyran, benzothiapyran, benzoselenapyran, naphthopyran, naphthothiapyran, or naphthoselenapyran; Y is sulfur, oxygen, or selenium; each of R 48 and R 49 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted styryl, substituted or unsubstituted 4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring; l is 0 or 1.

Claim 4

An electrophotographic photosensitive member which comprises an electroconductive substrate and an photoconductive film comprising at least one of the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (1)-(9) as shown below; ##STR41## wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 is hydrogen, halogen, or an organic monovalent residue and at least one of the combinations (R 1 and R 2 ), (R 2 and R 3 ), (R 3 and R 4 ), (R 4 and R 5 ), (R 5 and R 6 ), and (R 6 and R 7 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring; each of R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , and R 19 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, nitro, or acyl, and at least one of the combinations (R 8 and R 9 ), (R 9 and R 10 ), (R 10 and R 11 ), (R 11 and R 12 ), (R 12 and R 13 ), (R 14 and R 15 ), (R 15 and R 16 ), (R 16 and R 17 ), (R 17 and R 18 ), and (R 18 and R 19 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring; R 20 is hydrogen, nitro, alkyl, or aryl; n 1 is 0, 1, or 2; each of R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 , R 25 , R 26 , R 27 , and R 28 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, or nitro, and at least one of the combinations (R 21 and R 22 ), (R 22 and R 23 ), (R 23 and R 24 ), (R 25 and R 26 ), (R 26 and R 27 ), and (R 27 and R 28 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; X 1 is oxygen, sulfur, or selenium; R 39 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, or aryl; n 2 is 0, 1, or 2; each of R 30 and R 31 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, and R 30 and R 31 may be joined together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a ring; each of Ar 1 and Ar 2 is substituted or unsubstituted arylene; each of R 32 , R 33 , and R 34 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted styryl, substituted or unsubstituted 4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring group, and the combination (R 32 and R 33 ) or (R 33 and R 34 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring; R 35 is a hydrogen, nitro, alkyl, or aryl; X 2 is oxygen, sulfur, or selenium; A is an atomic group necessary to complete pyran, thiapyran, selenapyran, benzopyran, benzothiapyran, benzoselenapyrane, naphthopyrane, naphthothiapyran, or naphthoselenapyran which may be substituted; m 1 is 0, 1, or 2; m 2 is 0 or 1; each of R 36 and R 37 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, and R 36 and R 37 may be joined together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a ring; each of Ar 3 and Ar 4 is substituted or unsubstituted arylene; each of R 38 , R 39 , R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 is hydrogen, halogen, or an organic monovalent residue; X 3 is an atomic group necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted 5-, 6-, or 7-membered aromatic ring; at least one of the combinations (R 38 and an aromatic ring formed by X 3 ), (an aromatic ring formed by X 3 and R 39 ), (R 39 and R 40 ), (R 40 and R 41 ), and (R 41 and R 42 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; Diorg is an organic divalent residue linked with a double bond; Z.sup.⊖ is an anionic residue.

Claim 5

An electrophotographic photosensitive member which comprises an electroconductive substrate and an photoconductive film comprising at least one of the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (1)-(9) as shown below; ##STR41## wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 is hydrogen, halogen, or an organic monovalent residue and at least one of the combinations (R 1 and R 2 ), (R 2 and R 3 ), (R 3 and R 4 ), (R 4 and R 5 ), (R 5 and R 6 ), and (R 6 and R 7 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring; each of R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , and R 19 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, nitro, or acyl, and at least one of the combinations (R 8 and R 9 ), (R 9 and R 10 ), (R 10 and R 11 ), (R 11 and R 12 ), (R 12 and R 13 ), (R 14 and R 15 ), (R 15 and R 16 ), (R 16 and R 17 ), (R 17 and R 18 ), and (R 18 and R 19 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring; R 20 is hydrogen, nitro, alkyl, or aryl; n 1 is 0, 1, or 2; each of R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 , R 25 , R 26 , R 27 , and R 28 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, or nitro, and at least one of the combinations (R 21 and R 22 ), (R 22 and R 23 ), (R 23 and R 24 ), (R 25 and R 26 ), (R 26 and R 27 ), and (R 27 and R 28 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; X 1 is oxygen, sulfur, or selenium; R 39 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, or aryl; n 2 is 0, 1, or 2; each of R 30 and R 31 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, and R 30 and R 31 may be joined together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a ring; each of Ar 1 and Ar 2 is substituted or unsubstituted arylene; each of R 32 , R 33 , and R 34 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted styryl, substituted or unsubstituted 4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring group, and the combination (R 32 and R 33 ) or (R 33 and R 34 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring; R 35 is a hydrogen, nitro, alkyl, or aryl; X 2 is oxygen, sulfur, or selenium; A is an atomic group necessary to complete pyran, thiapyran, selenapyran, benzopyran, benzothiapyran, benzoselenapyrane, naphthopyrane, naphthothiapyran, or naphthoselenapyran which may be substituted; m 1 is 0, 1, or 2; m 2 is 0 or 1; each of R 36 and R 37 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, and R 36 and R 37 may be joined together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a ring; each of Ar 3 and Ar 4 is substituted or unsubstituted arylene; each of R 38 , R 39 , R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 is hydrogen, halogen, or an organic monovalent residue; X 3 is an atomic group necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted 5-, 6-, or 7-membered aromatic ring; at least one of the combinations (R 38 and an aromatic ring formed by X 3 ), (an aromatic ring formed by X 3 and R 39 ), (R 39 and R 40 ), (R 40 and R 41 ), and (R 41 and R 42 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; Diorg is an organic divalent residue linked with a double bond; Z.sup.⊖ is an anionic residue.

Claim 6

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, wherein the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (7)-(9) are the compounds represented by the formulae (10)-(20) as shown below: ##STR42## wherein Q.sup.⊕ is ##STR43## each of R 38 , R 39 , R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 is hydrogen, halogen or an organic monovalent residue; X 3 is an atomic group necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted 5-, 6-, 7-membered aromatic ring; at least one of the combination (R 38 and an aromatic ring formed by X 3 ), (an aromatic ring formed by X 3 and R 39 ), (R 39 and R 40 ), (R 40 and R 41 ), and (R 41 and R 42 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; each of R' 38 , R' 39 , R' 40 , R' 41 , and R' 42 is hydrogen, halogen or an organic monovalent residue; X' 3 is an atomic group necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted 5-, 6-, 7-membered aromatic ring; at least one of the combinations (R 38 and an aromatic ring formed by X' 3 ), (an aromatic ring formed by X' 3 , and R' 39 ), (R' 39 and R' 40 ), (R' 40 and R' 41 ), and (R' 41 and R' 42 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; R 43 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, or aryl; n 3 is 0, 1, or 2; each of R" 38 , R" 39 , R" 40 , R" 41 , R" 42 , and R" 43 is hydrogen, halogen, or an organic monovalent residue, and at least one of the combinations (R" 39 and R" 40 ), (R" 40 and R" 41 ), (R" 41 and R" 42 ), (R" 42 and R" 43 ) may form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, heterocyclic ring or aliphatic ring; X 4 is a nonmetal atomic group necessary to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; R 44 is alkyl, substituted alkyl, cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl, substituted aralkyl, aryl, or substituted aryl; m 3 is 0, 1, or 2; R 45 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl; R 46 is a monovalent heterocyclic group derived from a heterocyclic ring; R 47 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl; X 5 in an atomic group necessary to complete pyran, thiapyran, selenapyran, benzopyran, benzothiapyran, benzoselenapyran, naphthapyran, naphthothiapyran, or naphthoselenapyran; Y is sulfur, oxygen or selenium; each of R 48 and R 49 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted styryl, substituted or unsubstituted 4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring; l is 0 or 1.

Claim 7

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, wherein the photoconductive film comprises at least one of the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (1)-(9) and a binder.

Claim 8

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 4, wherein the photosensitive film comprises at least one of the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (10)-(20) and a binder.

Claim 9

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, wherein the photoconductive film is a vapor deposition film of at least one of the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (1)-(9).

Claim 10

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 4, wherein the photoconductive film in a vapor deposition film of at least one of the azulenium salt compounds represented by the formulae (10)-(20).

Claim 11

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3 in which the photoconductive film is used as a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer is provided.

Claim 12

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 9, wherein the charge generation layer is overlaid with the charge transport layer.

Claim 13

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 10, further comprising an intermediate layer between the charge generation layer and the electroconductive substrate.

Claim 14

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 9, wherein the charge generation layer comprises a hole-transporting material and a binder.

Claim 15

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 12, wherein the hole-transporting material is at least one composed selected from the group consisting of aromatic condensed ring compounds, hydrazones, pyrazolines, oxazoles, thiazoles, triaryl methanes, polyarylalkanes, polyphenylamines, and organic photoconductive polymers.

Claim 16

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 13, wherein the hole-transporting material is hydrazones.

Claim 17

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, wherein the photoconductive film comprises a photoconductive material and at least one of the azulenium salt compounds represented by the general formulae (1)-(9) as a sensitizer.

Claim 18

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 15, wherein the photoconductive material is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic condensed ring compounds, hydrazone, pyrazolines, oxazoles, thiazoles, triaryl methanes, polyarylalkanes, polyphenylamines, and organic photoconductive polysters.

Claim 19

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 15, wherein the photoconductive material is an inorganic photoconductive material.

Claim 20

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 15, wherein the azulenium salt compound is at least one of the compounds represented by the formulae (10)-(20).

Claim 21

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, wherein a laser beam can be used as an exposure light source.

Claim 22

An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 19, wherein the exposure light source is a semiconductor laser.