US4623361A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Fuel compositions
Assignee: Ethyl Corp
•
Filing: 1985-10-31
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Granted: 1986-11-18
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Expires: 2005-10-31
Abstract
Abstract Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ingition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) organic phosphate. Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.
Inventors
- 👤 Edward F. Zaweski
- 👤 Leonard M. Niebylski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 03:43
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L1/23; C10L1/231; C10L1/26; C10L1/2633; C10L1/2641
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
67 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing, in amounts sufficient to minimize coking, especially throttling nozzle coking, in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel, at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) an organic phosphate which, when added to said fuel in combination with said organic nitrate ignition accelerator minimizes said coking.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
67 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing, in amounts sufficient to minimize coking, especially throttling nozzle coking, in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel, at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) an organic phosphate which, when added to said fuel in combination with said organic nitrate ignition accelerator minimizes said coking.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
83 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combiantion of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) an organic phosphate having the formula: ##STR4## wherein R is an organic radical selected from aryl, alkyl or alkenyl and x is 0, 1 or 2, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression igniton engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
83 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combiantion of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) an organic phosphate having the formula: ##STR4## wherein R is an organic radical selected from aryl, alkyl or alkenyl and x is 0, 1 or 2, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression igniton engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein said organic radical contains 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein said organic phosphate is tributyl phosphate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein said organic phosphate is tricresyl phosphate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
89 words
A method of inhibiting coking especially throttling nozzle coking, in the prechambers or swirl chambers of an indirect injection compression ignition engine, which method comprises supplying said engine with a distillate fuel containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) an organic phosphate capable of inhibiting said coking when added to said fuel in combination with said organic nitrate ignition accelerator, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit such coking in an indirect injection compression ignition engine operated on such fuel.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
89 words
A method of inhibiting coking especially throttling nozzle coking, in the prechambers or swirl chambers of an indirect injection compression ignition engine, which method comprises supplying said engine with a distillate fuel containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) an organic phosphate capable of inhibiting said coking when added to said fuel in combination with said organic nitrate ignition accelerator, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit such coking in an indirect injection compression ignition engine operated on such fuel.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of inhibiting coking, especially throttling nozzle coking, in the prechambers or swirl chambers of an indirect injection compression ignition engine, which method comprises supplying said engine with a distillate fuel containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) an organic phosphate having the formula: ##STR5## wherein R is an organic radical selected from aryl, alkyl or alkenyl and x is 0, 1 or 2, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit such coking in an indirect injection compression ignition engine operated on such fuel.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of inhibiting coking, especially throttling nozzle coking, in the prechambers or swirl chambers of an indirect injection compression ignition engine, which method comprises supplying said engine with a distillate fuel containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) an organic phosphate having the formula: ##STR5## wherein R is an organic radical selected from aryl, alkyl or alkenyl and x is 0, 1 or 2, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit such coking in an indirect injection compression ignition engine operated on such fuel.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said organic radical contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said organic phosphate is tributyl phosphate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said organic phosphate is tricresyl phosphate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
68 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels comprising, in proportions sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel, (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) an organic phosphate which, when added to said fuel in combination with said organic nitrate ignition accelerator minimizes said coking.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
68 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels comprising, in proportions sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel, (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) an organic phosphate which, when added to said fuel in combination with said organic nitrate ignition accelerator minimizes said coking.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
A concentrate of claim 14 comprising about 5 to about 95% by weight of said organic nitrate ignition accelerator and about 5 to about 95% by weight of said organic phosphate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
A concentrate of claim 14 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
83 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) an organic phosphate having the formula: ##STR6## wherein R is an organic radical selected from aryl, akyl or alkenyl and x is 0, 1 or 2, said combination being present in proportions sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
83 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) an organic phosphate having the formula: ##STR6## wherein R is an organic radical selected from aryl, akyl or alkenyl and x is 0, 1 or 2, said combination being present in proportions sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
A concentrate of claim 17 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
A concentrate of claim 17 wherein said organic radical contains from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
A concentrate of claim 17 wherein said organic phosphate is tributyl phosphate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
A concentrate of claim 17 wherein said organic phosphate is tricresyl phosphate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
30 words
An additive fluid concentrate comprising about 5 to about 95% by weight of a mixture of octyl nitrates and from about 5 to about 95% by weight of tributyl phosphate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
30 words
An additive fluid concentrate comprising about 5 to about 95% by weight of a mixture of octyl nitrates and from about 5 to about 95% by weight of tributyl phosphate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-11-17 | 1990-05-19 | 1990-11-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-11-17 | 1994-05-19 | 1994-11-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-11-17 | 1998-05-19 | 1998-11-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |