US4621897A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Optical apparatus and a method of recording or instantaneously visulizing enlarged and stereoscopic images of objects
Assignee: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
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Filing: 1983-01-18
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Granted: 1986-11-11
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Expires: 2003-01-18
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to an optical apparatus for and a method of recording or instantaneously visualizing enlarged stereoscopic images of objects. The apparatus comprises a stationary stopped down lens (1, 4) providing an enlarged image of an object (2), a first lenticular grating (3), the elementary lenses of which are positioned in the vicinity of said enlarged image, the angle of field of the lenticular grating (3) is substantially equal to the aperture angle (4') of the exit pupil of the lens viewed from the lenticular grating (3), in order to provide an instantaneous, composite, sampled image at the level of the focal plane of the first lenticular grating. According to one embodiment for instantaneous observation, the apparatus also comprises a relief reversing system (9), an observation system (10) and a beam expanding system (11).
Inventors
- 👤 Maurice Bonnet
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 21:08
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03C; G03C9/00; G02; G02B; G02B30/00; G02B30/20; G02B30/26; G02B30/27
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
158 words
A method allowing the instantaneous production of enlarged and steroscropic images of objects, which method comprises: (a) forming by means of a stationary stopped down lens (1,4) an enlarged image of an object (2) in the vicinity of elementary lenses of a first lenticular grating (3) having an angle of field (2α) substantially equal to the angle (2γ) of aperture of the exit pupil of the lens viewed from said first lenticular grating (3), in order to produce an instantaneous, composite, sampled image at the level of the focal plane of the first lenticular graitng, (b) forming an orthosteroscopic image by means of a second lenticular grating (9, 10') which differs from the first, (c) observing the orthostereoscopic composite image thus formed by means of a lenticular observation grating (10, 10') which has an angle of field substantially equal to the angle of aperture (2β) of the entrance pupil of the lens (1) viewed from the object (2).
Claim 2
Independent Claim
158 words
A method allowing the instantaneous production of enlarged and steroscropic images of objects, which method comprises: (a) forming by means of a stationary stopped down lens (1,4) an enlarged image of an object (2) in the vicinity of elementary lenses of a first lenticular grating (3) having an angle of field (2α) substantially equal to the angle (2γ) of aperture of the exit pupil of the lens viewed from said first lenticular grating (3), in order to produce an instantaneous, composite, sampled image at the level of the focal plane of the first lenticular graitng, (b) forming an orthosteroscopic image by means of a second lenticular grating (9, 10') which differs from the first, (c) observing the orthostereoscopic composite image thus formed by means of a lenticular observation grating (10, 10') which has an angle of field substantially equal to the angle of aperture (2β) of the entrance pupil of the lens (1) viewed from the object (2).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 1, which method also comprises an intermediate state which records the composite enlarged image on a photographic film.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the lenticular gratings (3, 9) are cylindrical and the diaphragm is a fine slot.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the lenticular grating (3, 9) are of a spherical type and the diaphragm is of a substantially rectangular shape.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
83 words
An optical apparatus for the instantaneous production of enlarged and steroscopic images of objects, comprising a stationary stopped down lens (1, 4) providing an enlarged image of an object (2), a first lenticular grating (3), the elementary lenses of which are positioned in the vicinity of said enlarged image, and the angle of field (2α) of said first lenticular grating is substantially equal to the angle of aperture (2γ) of the exit pupil (4) of the lens viewed from the lenticular grating (3).
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
83 words
An optical apparatus for the instantaneous production of enlarged and steroscopic images of objects, comprising a stationary stopped down lens (1, 4) providing an enlarged image of an object (2), a first lenticular grating (3), the elementary lenses of which are positioned in the vicinity of said enlarged image, and the angle of field (2α) of said first lenticular grating is substantially equal to the angle of aperture (2γ) of the exit pupil (4) of the lens viewed from the lenticular grating (3).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first lenticular grating (3) is formed from a series of juxtaposed, convex, cylindrical lenses.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first lenticular grating (3) is formed from juxtaposed, spherical, convex lenses.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
49 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the device forming said first lenticular grating (3) comprises two adjacent elementary lenticular gratings each consisting of series of juxtaposed, convex, cylindrical lenses, the two elementary lenticular gratings being positioned side by side such that their respective lenses are oriented perpendicularly.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
65 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising, downstream of the focal plane of the first lenticular grating (3), towards the image, a second lenticular grating (9) which differs from the first, for inverting the elementary images formed by each lens of the first lenticular grating, and for providing an orthosteroscopic composite image at substantially double the focal length of the second lenticular grating.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
54 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second lenticular grating (9) is of the same type, cylindrical or spherical, as the first lenticular grating (3), and is positioned inside the optical apparatus such that the elementary lenses of the second lenticular grating receive the elementary images formed by the first lenticular grating.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 9, wherein a photographic emulsion (6) is provided at the level of the orthostereoscopic composite image.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
43 words
An optical appatatus according to claim 9, wherein a lenticular observation grating (10) is also provided which has an angle of field substantially equal to the angle of aperture (2β) of the entrance pupil of the lens (1) viewed from the object (2).
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
An optical appratus according to claim 12, wherein the lenticular observation grating (10) is positioned such that its focal plane merges with the orthostereoscopic composite image.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
34 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the lenticular observation grating (10) is formed from juxtaposed, convex, cylindrical lenses, positioned parallel to the cylindrical lenses of of the two first systems (3, 9).
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
84 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 5 wherein a lenticular observation grating (10') is also provided which has an angle of field substantially equal to the angle of aperture (2β) of the entrance pupil of the lens (1) viewed from the object (2), said lenticular observation grating (10') being formed from juxtaposed, concave lenses positioned opposite the lenses of the first grating (3), and said lenticular observation grating (10') being positioned downstream of the focal plane of the first lenticular grating, towards the image.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the lenticular observation grating (10') is of a cylindrical type.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 12, wherein a focussing screen is also provided at the level of the orthostereoscopic composite image.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the lenticular observation grading (10) is formed from juxtaposed, spherical lenses.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
47 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the lenticular observation grating (10) is formed from two adjacent, elementary lenticular gratings, each comprising a series of juxtaposed, cylihdrical lenses, the two elementary lenticular gratings being positioned side by side such that their respective lenses are oriented perpendicularly.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
37 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 12 wherein a lenticular grating (11) is provided which acts as a beam expander, the cylindrical lenses of which are positioned perpendicularly to the cylindrical lenses of the first grating (3).
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
42 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a field lens (5) of the same format as the first lenticular grating (3) is positioned upstream thereof, towards the object, and all the lenticular gratings (3, 9, 10, 10') have an identical gauge.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the lens (1) and the field lens (5) form an afocal system.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 12, wherein an ocular (12) is positioned downstream of the last lenticular grating, towards the image.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 5, wherein an erecting device is positioned upstream of the lens (1) towards the object, in order to re-erect the image.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the erecting device is of the type of a Wollaston or Dove prism.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
An optical apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the erecting device is a mirror device.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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