Means of transmitting signals along a line while also providing a direct voltage source

Claim 2

A main station for a communications system having multiple local stations, said main station having two conductors connected to respective wires of a line connecting each main station with the local station, characterized in that the main station includes connecting components for connection of a power source to the line to provide direct supply voltage between said two conductors, two impedances respectively connected in series with said connecting components and said two conductors, two unipolar impulse senders respectively connected to said two conductors and connected to a common control signal source, said impulse senders including means for transmitting symmetrical unipolar impulses which increase the supply voltage between said two conductors, said impulse senders being connected to said conductors at points between said impedances and said wires, respectively, and a detector having means for detecting symmetrical unipolar impulses received from said wires and polarized in opposition to the direct supply voltage between the conductors.

Claim 3

A communications system of the type which comprises a main station, a local station, a line which connects said main station and said local station and which consists of a single pair of wires for providing direct power supply current to said local station from the main station, at least one current generator connected to said line at one of said stations for introducing digital signal to said line, and at least one detector connected to said line at the other of said stations for detecting digital signals transmitted along the line, characterized in that the current generator comprises means independent of said direct power supply current for generating the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar current impulses which change the voltage between the wires of the line without substantially reducing the power supply voltage between said wires, said current generator is directly connected to said line, and the detector comprises means for detecting changes in line voltage.

Claim 4

A communications system of the type which comprises a main station, a local station, a line which connects said main station and said local station and which consists of a single pair of wires for providing direct power supply current to said local station from the main station, at least one current generator connected to said line at one of said stations for introducing digital signal to said line, and at least one detector connected to said line at the other of said stations for detecting digital signals transmitted along the line, characterized in that the current generator comprises means independent of said direct power supply current for generating the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar current impulses which change the voltage between the wires of the line without substantially reducing the power supply voltage between said wires, said current generator is directly connected to said line, and the detector comprises means for detecting changes in line voltage.

Claim 5

A system in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the digital signals are transmitted in the form of unipolar electrical impulses of one polarity along one of said wires of the line and corresponding unipolar electrical impulses of the opposite polarity along the other of said wires, the impulses of one polarity having the same amplitude as the impulses of the opposite polarity.

Claim 6

A communications system of the type which comprises a main station, a local station, a line which connects said main station and said local station and which includes at least one pair of wires for providing direct power supply current to said local station from the main station, at least one current generator connected to said line at one of said stations for introducing digital signals to said line, and at least one detector connected to said line at the other of said stations for detecting digital signals transmitted along the line, characterized in that the current generator comprises means for transmitting along the line the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which change the voltage between the wires of the line without substantially reducing the power supply voltage between said wires, and the detector comprises means for detecting changes in line voltage, and wherein said system is for transmitting groups of impulses in both directions along the line and is characterized in that the main station includes a current generator having means for transmitting to the local station the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which modify the voltage between the wires of the line in one amplitude sense, and the local station includes a current generator having means for transmitting to the main station introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which modify the voltage between said wires in the opposite amplitude sense, with each station also including a detector and means for connecting the detector to the line and for preventing the detector from being affected by impulses originating from the current generator of the same station, and further characterized in that said local station has a rectifier unit having means for passing direct current along said line to said local station in a predetermined direction regardless of the polarity of the direct current on the wires of the line, and in that said senses of modification of voltages depend upon the direction in which said rectifier unit passes direct current.

Claim 7

A communications system of the type which comprises a main station, a local station, a line which connects said main station and said local station and which includes at least one pair of wires for providing direct power supply current to said local station from the main station, at least one current generator connected to said line at one of said stations for introducing digital signals to said line, and at least one detector connected to said line at the other of said stations for detecting digital signals transmitted along the line, characterized in that the current generator comprises means for transmitting along the line the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which change the voltage between the wires of the line without substantially reducing the power supply voltage between said wires, and the detector comprises means for detecting changes in line voltage, and wherein said system is for transmitting groups of impulses in both directions along the line and is characterized in that the main station includes a current generator having means for transmitting to the local station the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which modify the voltage between the wires of the line in one amplitude sense, and the local station includes a current generator having means for transmitting to the main station introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which modify the voltage between said wires in the opposite amplitude sense, with each station also including a detector and means for connecting the detector to the line and for preventing the detector from being affected by impulses originating from the current generator of the same station, and further characterized in that said local station has a rectifier unit having means for passing direct current along said line to said local station in a predetermined direction regardless of the polarity of the direct current on the wires of the line, and in that said senses of modification of voltages depend upon the direction in which said rectifier unit passes direct current.

Claim 8

A communications system of the type which comprises a main station, a local station, a line which connects said main station and said local station and which includes at least one pair of wires for providing direct power supply current to said local station from the main station, at least one current generator connected to said line at one of said stations for introducing digital signals to said line, and at least one detector connected to said line at the other of said stations for detecting said digital signals transmitted along the line, characterized in that the current generator comprises means for transmitting along the line the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which change the voltage between the wires of the line without substantially reducing the power supply voltage between said wires, and the detector comprises means for detecting changes in line voltage, and characterized in that each station has one of said current generators and one of said detectors, in that each wire is series-connected in each station to an impedance situated before the point where impulses are introduced to the line at that station, in relation to the direction in which transmission of such impulses along the line occurs at that station, and situated beyond the point where impulses are detected at that station, in relation to the direction in which reception of impulses along the line occurs at that station, and further characterized in that the impedances are resistors with resistance values substantially equal to half of the characteristic impedance of the line.

Claim 9

A communications system of the type which comprises a main station, a local station, a line which connects said main station and said local station and which includes at least one pair of wires for providing direct power supply current to said local station from the main station, at least one current generator connected to said line at one of said stations for introducing digital signals to said line, and at least one detector connected to said line at the other of said stations for detecting said digital signals transmitted along the line, characterized in that the current generator comprises means for transmitting along the line the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which change the voltage between the wires of the line without substantially reducing the power supply voltage between said wires, and the detector comprises means for detecting changes in line voltage, and characterized in that each station has one of said current generators and one of said detectors, in that each wire is series-connected in each station to an impedance situated before the point where impulses are introduced to the line at that station, in relation to the direction in which transmission of such impulses along the line occurs at that station, and situated beyond the point where impulses are detected at that station, in relation to the direction in which reception of impulses along the line occurs at that station, and further characterized in that the impedances are resistors with resistance values substantially equal to half of the characteristic impedance of the line.

Claim 10

A communications system of the type which comprises a main station, a local station, a line which connects said main station and said local station and which includes at least one pair of wires for providing direct power supply current to said local station from the main station, at least one current generator connected to said line at one of said stations for introducing digital signals to said line, and at least one detector connected to said line at the other of said stations for detecting said digital signals transmitted along the line, characterized in that the current generator comprises means for transmitting along the line the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which change the voltage between the wires of the line without substantially reducing the power supply voltage between said wires, and the detector comprises means for detecting changes in line voltage, and characterized in that each station has one of said current generators and one of said detectors, in that each wire is series-connected in each station to an impedance situated before the point where impulses are introduced to the line at that station, in relation to the direction in which transmission of such impulses along the line occurs at that station, and situated beyond the point where impulses are detected at that station, in relation to the direction in which reception of impulses along the line occurs at that station, and further characterized in that the impedances at the main station are thermistors with positive temperature coefficients.

Claim 11

A communications system of the type which comprises a main station, a local station, a line which connects said main station and said local station and which includes at least one pair of wires for providing direct power supply current to said local station from the main station, at least one current generator connected to said line at one of said stations for introducing digital signals to said line, and at least one detector connected to said line at the other of said stations for detecting said digital signals transmitted along the line, characterized in that the current generator comprises means for transmitting along the line the introduced digital signals as groups of unipolar impulses which change the voltage between the wires of the line without substantially reducing the power supply voltage between said wires, and the detector comprises means for detecting changes in line voltage, and characterized in that each station has one of said current generators and one of said detectors, in that each wire is series-connected in each station to an impedance situated before the point where impulses are introduced to the line at that station, in relation to the direction in which transmission of such impulses along the line occurs at that station, and situated beyond the point where impulses are detected at that station, in relation to the direction in which reception of impulses along the line occurs at that station, and further characterized in that the impedances at the main station are thermistors with positive temperature coefficients.