US4612334A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Porous polymers
Assignee: Lever Brothers Co
•
Filing: 1985-03-01
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Granted: 1986-09-16
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Expires: 2005-03-01
Abstract
Abstract This invention provides a highly porous crosslinked functionalized polymer having interconnected cavities of micron dimensions and having a pore volume greater than about 5.6 cc/g and having a capacity to absorb water and also to absorb saline solutions. The polymers are generally based on styrene or various acrylates or mixtures and have a functional group selected from a large range of ionic and polar compositions.
Inventors
- 👤 Keith Jones
- 👤 Barry R. Lothian
- 👤 Alexander Martin
- 👤 Graham Taylor
- 👤 Zia Haq
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 08:02
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/22; B01J20/26; C; C08; C08J; C08J9/00; C08J9/28; C08J2201/00; C08J2201/04; C08J2201/05; C08J2201/0504
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
170 words
A highly porous crosslinked, functionalised polymer, crosslinked from 1 to 20% and having interconnected cavities or chambers of micron dimensions whose total pore volume is greater than 85% (5.6 cc/g) in its solvent swollen state and having a capacity for spontaneous water absorption from its dry state of at least 3 g liquid per gram of polymer and having a capacity for saline absorption (10% NaCl) such that the ratio of saline to water absorption is greater than 0.1, said polymer comprising structural units ##STR14## in which A represents a crosslinked carbon chain, Y is an optional spacer group and Z is an ionic or polar functional group, selected from lower alkyl cationic quaternary nitrogen groups of 10 carbon atoms or less, alkyl amine oxide groups of 8 carbon atoms or less, alkyloxy groups, a metal or ammonium or substituted ammonium salt of a sulphuric, carboxylic, phosphoric or sulphonic acid group or a mixture of such groups, except that where Z is a sulphonic acid Y does not represent ##STR15##
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
170 words
A highly porous crosslinked, functionalised polymer, crosslinked from 1 to 20% and having interconnected cavities or chambers of micron dimensions whose total pore volume is greater than 85% (5.6 cc/g) in its solvent swollen state and having a capacity for spontaneous water absorption from its dry state of at least 3 g liquid per gram of polymer and having a capacity for saline absorption (10% NaCl) such that the ratio of saline to water absorption is greater than 0.1, said polymer comprising structural units ##STR14## in which A represents a crosslinked carbon chain, Y is an optional spacer group and Z is an ionic or polar functional group, selected from lower alkyl cationic quaternary nitrogen groups of 10 carbon atoms or less, alkyl amine oxide groups of 8 carbon atoms or less, alkyloxy groups, a metal or ammonium or substituted ammonium salt of a sulphuric, carboxylic, phosphoric or sulphonic acid group or a mixture of such groups, except that where Z is a sulphonic acid Y does not represent ##STR15##
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 1 in which the ratio of saline to water absorption is greater than 0.5.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 2 in which the ratio of saline to water absorption is greater than 0.7.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 1, in which A represents a saturated, crosslinked carbon chain having the structure: ##STR16## where R 1 is hydrogen or a methyl group and Y represents an aromatic or substituted aromatic ring.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
160 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 1 in which Z represents a single or mixture of ionic or polar functional groups of structures 1-3 ##STR17## where R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkyl or cycloalkyl or aryl or hydroxyalkyl or where R 2 and R 3 form part of a ring system and where R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different, provided that the total number of carbon atoms in R 2 +R 3 +R 4 is less than 10 for the cationic group (1) or provided that the total number of carbons in R 2 +R 3 is less than 8 for the amine salts (2) and amine oxides (3) and where X - , the counterion, may be an inorganic species selected from chloride, sulphate or nitrate or a lower organic (<C 8 ) carboxylate group, and where X - may be hydroxide in the cationic group (1).
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
47 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 1, in which Z represents an alkyloxy group the type: ##STR18## where p is 1 to 680, and ##STR19## and where R 5 is a hydrogen or a short alkyl group and M is a metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium cation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 1, in which the level of crosslinking agent is from 2-10%.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 1, in which the pore volume is greater than 95% (20 cc/g).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 1, in which the degree of functionalisation of the polymer is greater than 50%.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
A polymer as claimed in claim 1, in which the degree of functionalisation is greater than 50% and the level of crosslinking is less than 15%.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-09-15 | 1990-03-17 | 1990-09-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-09-15 | 1994-03-17 | 1994-09-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-09-15 | 1998-03-17 | 1998-09-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |