Patent US5072458A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4611028A
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US
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Polymeric dispersion stabilizer and stable dispersions prepared therefrom
Assignee: EIDP Inc
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Filing: 1984-12-21
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Granted: 1986-09-09
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Expires: 2004-12-21
Abstract
Abstract Copolymers adapted for use as stabilizers in dispersions and stable dispersions, including crosslinked dispersions containing microgel particles, prepared therefrom. Stabilizer bears pendent ethylenic unsaturation capable of reacting with monomers employed in random copolymerization used to make the dispersion polymer. Stabilizer comprises a random copolymer segment of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, some of which are characterized in that homopolymers thereof would be substantially insoluble in the organic liquid used to form the stable dispersion and some of which are characterized in that homopolymers thereof would be substantially soluble in the organic liquid used to form the stable dispersion.
Inventors
- 👤 Stephen C. Peng
- 👤 John D. Nordstrom
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 14:40
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F8/00; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S524/00; Y10S524/923; Y10S524/924; Y10S525/00; Y10S525/902; Y10S525/91
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
176 words
A stable dispersion in an organic liquid of particles of an addition polymer which are insoluble in said organic liquid, said dispersion being stabilized by a polymeric dispersion stabilizer comprising the reaction product of ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) and copolymer reactant (B), said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) bearing functionality capable of condensation reaction with complementary functionality of said copolymer reactant (B) which comprises a random copolymer of (i) between about 20 and about 45 weight percent of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, homopolymers of which would be substantially insoluble in said organic liquid; (ii) between about 40 and about 75 weight percent of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, homopolymers of which would be substantially soluble in said organic liquid; and (iii) between about 2 and about 15 weight percent of ethylenically unsaturated monomers bearing said complementary functionality capable of condensation reaction with said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A), said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) being reacted with said copolymer reactant (B) in an amount sufficient to react with at least about ten percent of the complementary functionality of said copolymer reactant (B).
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
176 words
A stable dispersion in an organic liquid of particles of an addition polymer which are insoluble in said organic liquid, said dispersion being stabilized by a polymeric dispersion stabilizer comprising the reaction product of ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) and copolymer reactant (B), said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) bearing functionality capable of condensation reaction with complementary functionality of said copolymer reactant (B) which comprises a random copolymer of (i) between about 20 and about 45 weight percent of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, homopolymers of which would be substantially insoluble in said organic liquid; (ii) between about 40 and about 75 weight percent of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, homopolymers of which would be substantially soluble in said organic liquid; and (iii) between about 2 and about 15 weight percent of ethylenically unsaturated monomers bearing said complementary functionality capable of condensation reaction with said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A), said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) being reacted with said copolymer reactant (B) in an amount sufficient to react with at least about ten percent of the complementary functionality of said copolymer reactant (B).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
53 words
A stable dispersion as set forth in claim 1 wherein said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i) and (ii) and said organic liquid are selected such that homopolymers of said monomers would be substantially soluble or insoluble in said organic liquid as a result of the relative polarity of said homopolymers and said organic liquid.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 2 wherein said organic liquid comprises polar solvent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 2 wherein said organic liquid comprises nonpolar solvent.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
44 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 2 wherein at least a portion of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) and at least a portion of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i), (ii) and (iii) used in preparation of said copolymer reactant (B) comprise acrylic monomers.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
79 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 1 wherein said organic liquid comprises polar solvent, said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i) comprise esters of C 4 -C 18 aliphatic alcohols and acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acids, and said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (ii) comprise acrylic monomers selected from (a) esters of C 1 -C 3 aliphatic alcohols and acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acids, (b) acrylic and methacrylic acids, and (c) ethylene and propylene glycol monoesters of acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acids.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
79 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 1 wherein said organic liquid comprises nonpolar solvent, said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i) comprise acrylic monomers selected from (a) esters of C 1 -C 3 aliphatic alcohols and acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acids, (b) acrylic and methacrylic acids, and (c) ethylene and propylene glycol monoesters of acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acids, and said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (ii) comprise esters of C 4 -C 18 aliphatic alcohols and acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acids.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 7 wherein said solvent is selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons, said ethylenically unsaturated monomer (i) is methylmethacrylate, and said ethylenically unsaturated monomer (ii) is 2-ethylhexylacrylate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
40 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 8 wherein one of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) and (iii) is glycidyl acrylate or glycidyl methacrylate and the other of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) and (iii) is acrylic or methacrylic acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
44 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 2 wherein said complementary functionalities on said ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A) and said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (iii) are selected such that they react to form linkages selected from the group consisting of esters, ethers, amides, and urethanes.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 10 wherein said linkage is an ester formed by reaction of an epoxide and acid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
63 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claims 2 wherein said copolymer reactant has a molecular weight in the range of about 4,000 to about 15,000 and said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) are reacted with said copolymer reactant (B) in an amount such that monomers (A) react with between about 0.5 and about 3.0 weight percent of said complementary functionality of copolymer reactant (B).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
98 words
A stable dispersion in accordance with claim 1 wherein said dispersion is a crosslinked dispersion containing microgel particles, said dispersion being formed by addition polymerization of (a) between about 1 and about 10 mole percent each of first and second ethylenically unsaturated monomers each bearing functionality capable of crosslinking reaction with the other and (b) between about 98 and about 80 mole percent of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of said organic liquid which is a solvent for the polymerizable monomers, but a non-solvent for the resultant polymer, and said polymeric dispersion stabilizer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
62 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 13 wherein said random copolymer reactant (B) employed in preparation of said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is prepared from ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i) and (ii) which are selected such that homopolymers thereof would be substantially soluble or insoluble in said organic liquid as a result of relative polarities of said homopolymers and said organic liquid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 14 wherein said organic liquid comprises a polar solvent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 14 wherein said organic liquid comprises a non-polar solvent.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
58 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 13 wherein at least a portion of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i), (ii) and (iii) used in preparation of said copolymer reactant (B) and at least a portion of said unsaturated monomers (A) which are reacted with said copolymer reactant (B) to form said polymeric dispersion stabilizer comprise acrylic monomers.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
102 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 17 wherein said copolymer reactant (B) used in preparation of said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is characterized in that one of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i) or (ii) comprises an ester of a C 4 -C 18 aliphatic alcohol and acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acid, and the other of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i) or (ii) comprises an acrylic monomer selected from (a) esters of C 1 -C 3 aliphatic alcohols and acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acids, (b) acrylic and methacrylic acids, and (c) ethylene and propylene glycol monoesters of acrylic, methacrylic or ethacrylic acids.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
48 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 18 wherein said organic liquid comprises aliphatic hydrocarbon and said copolymer reactant (B) used in preparation of said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is characterized in that said ethylenically unsaturated monomer (i) is methylmethacrylate, and said ethylenically unsaturated monomer (ii) is 2-ethylhexylacrylate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
47 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 19 wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is characterized in that one of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) or (iii) is glycidylacrylate or methacrylate and the other of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (A) or (iii) is acrylic or methacrylic acid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
53 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 14 wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is characterized in that said complementary functionalities on said ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A) and said ethylenically unsaturated monomers (iii) are selected such that they react to form linkages selected from the group consisting of esters, ethers, amides and urethanes.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
30 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 21 wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is characterized in that said linkage is an ester formed by reaction of epoxide with acid.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
86 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 14 wherein the functionalities of said first and second ethylenically unsaturated monomers (a) used to form the dispersed polymer of said dispersion respectively are selected from the group consisting of: (a) acid and epoxide; (b) epoxide and amine; (c) acid anhydride and hydroxyl; (d) acid anhydride and amine; (e) acid anhydride and mercaptan; (f) isocyanate and hydroxyl; (g) hemiformal and amide; (h) carbonate and amine; (i) cycloimide and amine; (j) cycloimide and hydroxyl; and (k) imine and alkoxysilane.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
51 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 33 wherein said organic liquid is an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent and said first and second ethylenically unsaturated monomers (a) and said at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer (b) used in the preparation of the dispersed polymer of said dispersion are acrylic monomers.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
80 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 23 wherein said dispersion is formed by free radical addition copolymerization in the presence of hydrocarbon dispersion liquid of from about 2 to about 10 mole percent of alpha, beta ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, from about 98 to about 90 mole percent of at least one other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from about 1 to about 10 mole percent of crosslinking monomers selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated monoepoxides.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
50 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 25 wherein said monomers used in the addition copolymerization to form said dispersed polymer are characterized in that said alpha, beta ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is methacrylic acid, said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is methylmethacrylate and said crosslinking monomer is glycidylmethacrylate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
37 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 25 wherein said monomers used in the preparation of said dispersed polymer are characterized in that said alpha, beta ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
34 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 26 wherein said monomers used in the preparation of said dispersed polymer are characterized in that said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers are alkylacrylates or alkylmethacrylates.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
32 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 26 wherein said monomers used in the preparation of said dispersed polymer are characterized in that said other copolymerizable monoethylencially unsaturated monomer is methylmethacrylate.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
A stable crosslinked dispersion in accordance with claim 29 wherein said ethylenically unsaturated monoepoxide comprises glycidylmethacrylate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-09-08 | 1990-03-10 | 1990-09-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-09-08 | 1994-03-10 | 1994-09-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-09-08 | 1998-03-10 | 1998-09-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |