US4599149A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for electroplating tin, lead and tin-lead alloys and baths therefor
Assignee: Shipley Co Inc
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Filing: 1983-12-22
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Granted: 1986-07-08
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Expires: 2003-12-22
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to the electrodeposition of tin, lead and particularly tin-lead alloys from an electroplating bath comprising a lead and/or tin alkylsulfonate, and alkylsulfonic acid in a sufficient amount to impart a pH below about 3 to the bath, and various additives to improve the brightness of the deposits, the useful current density ranges, and/or the solderability of tin-lead alloy deposits including quaternary nitrogen wetting agents containing a fatty acid radical, alkylene oxides, pyridine compounds, aromatic aldehydes, acetaldehyde and/or a bismuth compound. The bath is formulated to have a cloud point above about 90 DEG F.
Inventors
- 👤 Fred I. Nobel
- 👤 Barnet Ostrow
- 👤 David N. Schram
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 05:34
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/56; C25D3/60; C25D3/30; C25D3/32; C25D3/34; C25D3/36; H; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/30; H05K3/32; H05K3/34; H05K3/3465; H05K3/3473
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
An electroplating bath for the electrodeposition of tin, lead or tin-lead alloys comprising an aqueous solution containing tin and/or lead as soluble alkyl sulfonates, a sufficient amount of a soluble alkyl sulfonic acid or acid salt to impart a pH below about 3 to the bath, a sufficient amount of an alkylene oxide compound which provides a cloud point above about 90° F. to the bath, and a quaternary nitrogen fatty acid wetting agent in a sufficient amount to improve the throwing power of the bath and the surface finish of the electrolytic deposit.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
An electroplating bath for the electrodeposition of tin, lead or tin-lead alloys comprising an aqueous solution containing tin and/or lead as soluble alkyl sulfonates, a sufficient amount of a soluble alkyl sulfonic acid or acid salt to impart a pH below about 3 to the bath, a sufficient amount of an alkylene oxide compound which provides a cloud point above about 90° F. to the bath, and a quaternary nitrogen fatty acid wetting agent in a sufficient amount to improve the throwing power of the bath and the surface finish of the electrolytic deposit.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath of claim 1 containing an aromatic aldehyde in a sufficient amount to improve the brightness of the deposit.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 2 containing acetaldehyde in a sufficient amount to extend the useful current density range.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead aloys which comprises immersing a suitable substrate into the bath of claim 3 and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bath of claim 3 containing a soluble bismuth compound in a sufficient amount to extend the useful current density range.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises immersing a suitable substrate to be electroplated into the bath of claim 5 and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises immersing a suitable substrate to be electroplated into the bath of claim 2 and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bath of claim 8 containing a soluble bismuth compound in a sufficient amount to extend the useful current density range.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises immersing a suitable substrate to be electroplated into the bath of claim 8 and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 8 containing acetaldehyde in a sufficient amount to extend the useful current density range.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises immersing a suitable substrate to be electroplated into the bath of claim 10 and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath of claim 8 containing an aromatic aldehyde in a sufficient amount to improve the brightness of the deposit.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises immersing a suitable substrate to be eletroplated into the bath of claim 12 and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 1 containing acetaldeyde in a sufficient amount to extend the useful current density range.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method for electropolating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises immersing a suitable substrate to be electroplated into the bath of claim 14 and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
115 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises: immersing a suitable substrate to be electroplated into an electroplating bath comprising an aqueous solution containing tin and/or lead as soluble alkyl sulfonates, a sufficient amount of a soluble alkyl sulfonic acid or acid salt to impart a pH below about 3 to the bath, a sufficient amount of an alkylene oxide compound which provides a cloud point above about 90° F. to the bath, and a quaternary nitrogen fatty acid wetting agent an in amount sufficient to improve the throwing power of the bath and the surface finish of the electrolytic deposit; and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
115 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises: immersing a suitable substrate to be electroplated into an electroplating bath comprising an aqueous solution containing tin and/or lead as soluble alkyl sulfonates, a sufficient amount of a soluble alkyl sulfonic acid or acid salt to impart a pH below about 3 to the bath, a sufficient amount of an alkylene oxide compound which provides a cloud point above about 90° F. to the bath, and a quaternary nitrogen fatty acid wetting agent an in amount sufficient to improve the throwing power of the bath and the surface finish of the electrolytic deposit; and electroplating tin, lead or a tin-lead alloy upon the substrate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-07-07 | 1990-01-06 | 1990-07-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-07-07 | 1994-01-06 | 1994-07-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-07-07 | 1998-01-06 | 1998-07-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |