US4595395A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Lubricating and additive mixtures for alcohol fuels and their method of preparation
Assignee: Dayco Products LLC
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Filing: 1984-10-29
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Granted: 1986-06-17
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Expires: 2004-10-29
Abstract
Abstract A unique lubricating, corrosion inhibiting and rust inhibiting additive for alcohol fuels having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms is disclosed. The lubricating additive comprises a mixture consisting essentially of a lubricant, an emulsifying agent, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and organic solvents formulated to obtain a mixture having a specific gravity substantially equivalent to that of the alcohol in which the lubricating additive will be mixed. The invention further comprises an alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture for use as a fuel in internal combustion engines as well as methods for preparing such mixtures.
Inventors
- 👤 Earl J. Smith
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 10:10
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/02; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/143; C10L1/16; C10L1/1608; C10L1/1616; C10L1/18; C10L1/188; C10L1/192; C10L1/195; C10L1/197; C10L1/1973; C10L1/24; C10L1/2431; C10L1/2437
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
A lubricating additive for alcohol fuels, said additive consisting essentially of about 94-96%, by volume, organic solvent selected from the class consisting of mineral spirits, toluene, xylene, benzene, naphtha, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane, and mixtures thereof; about 0.2-1.5%, by volume, emulsifier; at least about 3-4%, by volume, lubricant; and about 0.3-0.5, by volume, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, wherein said additive is mixed with an alcohol fuel at about 4-6%, by volume, of the fuel-additive mixture.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
75 words
A lubricating additive for alcohol fuels, said additive consisting essentially of about 94-96%, by volume, organic solvent selected from the class consisting of mineral spirits, toluene, xylene, benzene, naphtha, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane, and mixtures thereof; about 0.2-1.5%, by volume, emulsifier; at least about 3-4%, by volume, lubricant; and about 0.3-0.5, by volume, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, wherein said additive is mixed with an alcohol fuel at about 4-6%, by volume, of the fuel-additive mixture.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 1 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of mineral spirits and toluene.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 1 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of mineral spirits and xylene.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 1 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of mineral spirits and benzene
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 1 wherein said lubricant is selected from the class consisting of paraffinic hydrocarbons, napthenic hydrocarbons, alkylated aromatics, polyalphaolefins, polybutenes, dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyesters, halogenated hydrocarbons, phosphate esters, polyglycols, polyphenyl esters, silicate esters, and silicones.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 5 wherein said lubricant consists essentially of paraffinic bright stock.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 5 wherein said lubricant consists essentially of 150 SUS paraffinic solvent bright stock plus an effective amount of solvent refined paraffinic neutral to obtain a final viscosity of about 120 SUS.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 1 wherein said alcohol fuel is selected from the class consisting of monohydroxy alcohols having from 1-5 carbon atoms.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 8 wherein said alcohol fuel is selected from the class consisting of ethanol and methanol.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 9 wherein said alcohol fuel consists essentially of 180-200 proof ethanol.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
A lubricating additive as in claim 9 wherein said alcohol fuel consists essentially of methanol.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
85 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture for use as a fuel in internal combustion engines, said fuel-additive mixture consisting essentially of about 94-96%, by volume, alcohol and about 4-6%, by volume additive, wherein said additive consists essentially of: a. about 94-96%, by volume, organic solvent selected from the class consisting of mineral spirits, toluene, xylene, benzene, naptha, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane, and mixtures thereof; b. about 0.2-1.5%, by volume, emulsifier; c. about 3-4%, by volume, lubricant; and d. about 0.3-0.5%, by volume, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
85 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture for use as a fuel in internal combustion engines, said fuel-additive mixture consisting essentially of about 94-96%, by volume, alcohol and about 4-6%, by volume additive, wherein said additive consists essentially of: a. about 94-96%, by volume, organic solvent selected from the class consisting of mineral spirits, toluene, xylene, benzene, naptha, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane, and mixtures thereof; b. about 0.2-1.5%, by volume, emulsifier; c. about 3-4%, by volume, lubricant; and d. about 0.3-0.5%, by volume, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
55 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 12 wherein said alcohol consists essentially of 180-200 proof ethanol, and wherein said additive consists essentially of about 94.6%, by volume, of said organic solvent, about 1.25%, by volume, of said emulsifier, about 3.75%, by volume, of said lubricant, and about 0.4%, by volume, of said copolymer.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
38 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 13 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of a major proportion of toluene and a minor proportion of mineral spirits, and wherein said lubricant consists essentially of paraffinic bright stock.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 14 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of about 64.6% toluene and about 30% mineral spirits, and wherein said lubricant has a viscosity of about 120 SUS.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 15 consisting essentially of about 96%, by volume, of said ethanol and about 4%, by volume, of said additive.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
38 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 13 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of a major proportion of xylene and a minor proportion of mineral spirits, and wherein said lubricant consists essentially of paraffinic bright stock.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
35 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 17 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of about 65% xylene and about 30% mineral spirits, and wherein said lubricant has a viscosity of about 120 SUS.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
38 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 13 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of a major proportion of benzene and a minor proportion of mineral spirits, and wherein said lubricant consists essentially of paraffinic bright stock.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
35 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 19 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of about 60% benzene and about 35% mineral spirits, and wherein said lubricant has a viscosity of about 120 SUS.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
53 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 12 wherein said alcohol consists essentially of methanol, and wherein said additive consists essentially of about 95.6%, by volume, of said organic solvent, about 1%, by volume, of said emulsifier, about 3%, by volume, of said lubricant, and about 0.4%, by volume, of said copolymer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
40 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 21 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of a major proportion of mineral spirits and a minor proportion of an aromatic solvent, and wherein said lubricant consists essentially of paraffinic bright stock.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 22 wherein said organic solvent consists essentially of about 73% mineral spirits and about 23% aromatic solvent, and wherein said lubricant has a viscosity of about 120 SUS.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
An alcohol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as in claim 22 consisting essentially of about 95%, by volume, of said methanol and about 5%, by volume, of said additive.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
111 words
A method for preparing an ethanol fuel-lubricating additive mixture for use as fuel in an internal combustion engine, said method comprising the steps of: a. preparing said lubricating additive by mixing together about 94-96%, by volume, organic solvent selected from the class consisting of mineral spirits, toluene, xylene, benzene, naptha, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane, and mixtures thereof, about 0.2-1.5%, by volume, emulsifier, about 3-4%, by volume, lubricant, and about 0.3-0.5%, by volume, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; and b. adding said lubricating additive to 180-200 proof ethanol at a ratio of about 94-96%, by volume, ethanol and about 4-6%, by volume, additive to obtain the ethanol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as an emulsion.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
111 words
A method for preparing an ethanol fuel-lubricating additive mixture for use as fuel in an internal combustion engine, said method comprising the steps of: a. preparing said lubricating additive by mixing together about 94-96%, by volume, organic solvent selected from the class consisting of mineral spirits, toluene, xylene, benzene, naptha, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane, and mixtures thereof, about 0.2-1.5%, by volume, emulsifier, about 3-4%, by volume, lubricant, and about 0.3-0.5%, by volume, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; and b. adding said lubricating additive to 180-200 proof ethanol at a ratio of about 94-96%, by volume, ethanol and about 4-6%, by volume, additive to obtain the ethanol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as an emulsion.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as in claim 25 further comprising the step of agitating said ethanol as said additive is added thereto.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as in claim 25 further comprising the step of allowing the resulting mixture to sit for about 48 hours to obtain the ethanol fuel-lubricating additive mixture as a solution.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
157 words
A method for preparing a methanol fuel-lubricating additive mixture for use as fuel in an internal combustion engine, said method comprising the steps of: a. preparing said lubricating additive by mixing together about 94-96%, by volume, organic solvent selected from the class consisting of mineral spirits, toluene, xylene, benzene, naptha, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane, and mixtures thereof, about 0.2-1.5%, by volume emulsifier, about 3-4%, by volume, lubricant, and about 0.3-0.5%, by volume, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; b. adding said lubricating additive to methanol with agitation at a ratio of about 94-96%, by volume, methanol and about 4-6%, by volume, additive to obtain a fuel-additive emulsion; c. allowing the resulting emulsion to sit for at lease 24 hours to permit setting of non-emulsified lubricant; d. decanting the fuel-additive emulsion from the non-emulsified lubricant; and e. allowing the decanted fuel-lubricating additive emulsion to sit for at least about 48 hours to obtain the methanol fuel-additive mixture as a solution.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
157 words
A method for preparing a methanol fuel-lubricating additive mixture for use as fuel in an internal combustion engine, said method comprising the steps of: a. preparing said lubricating additive by mixing together about 94-96%, by volume, organic solvent selected from the class consisting of mineral spirits, toluene, xylene, benzene, naptha, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane, and mixtures thereof, about 0.2-1.5%, by volume emulsifier, about 3-4%, by volume, lubricant, and about 0.3-0.5%, by volume, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; b. adding said lubricating additive to methanol with agitation at a ratio of about 94-96%, by volume, methanol and about 4-6%, by volume, additive to obtain a fuel-additive emulsion; c. allowing the resulting emulsion to sit for at lease 24 hours to permit setting of non-emulsified lubricant; d. decanting the fuel-additive emulsion from the non-emulsified lubricant; and e. allowing the decanted fuel-lubricating additive emulsion to sit for at least about 48 hours to obtain the methanol fuel-additive mixture as a solution.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-06-16 | 1989-12-16 | 1990-06-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-06-16 | 1993-12-16 | 1994-06-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-06-16 | 1997-12-16 | 1998-06-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |