US4594646A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Light-reflective device for illuminating centripetally viewed three-dimensional objects
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1984-10-15
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Granted: 1986-06-10
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Expires: 2004-10-15
Abstract
Abstract Method, devices and systems are disclosed which provide for the indirect, substantially glare-free, directional lighting of three-dimensional objects, by which artificial light is generated at a central point which is recessed, in close proximity to, and below the object to be illuminated, said light being directed downwardly against a reflective surface and then upwardly in the direction of such object in the shape of a predetermined light mantle substantially enveloping the object without significant scattering of light. Shielding means above the light source protect the eyes of observers from direct view of the light. The upwardly reflected light is centripetally and indirectly visible without glare by its reflections from the illuminated object. The disclosed arrangement of components permits multi-directional centripetal viewing, including particularly the glare-free viewing by a plurality of observers, for instance persons grouped around the illuminated object in a circle, irrespective of the direction of the light source relative to the eyes of observers.
Inventors
- 👤 Henry Von Kohorn
- 👤 David Von Kohorn
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 22:01
CPC Classifications
F; F21; F21V; F21V33/00; F21V33/0004; F21V33/0024; F21V33/0028; A; A01; A01G; A01G7/00; A01G7/04; A01G7/045; A01G9/00; A01G9/24; A01G9/249; F21V7/00; F21V7/0008; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P60/00; Y02P60/14; Y10; Y10S; Y10S362/00; Y10S362/805
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
180 words
An illuminating device for indirectly illuminating three-dimensional objects for substantially glar-free centripetally viewing comprising: an open receptacle for supporting an object which is to be illuminated and viewed therein, said receptacle having a reflective bottom surface and upwardly extending side walls substantially surrounding at least a lower portion of the object to be illuminated in said receptacle, a shielding means in the form of a shelf mounted in said receptacle and spaced from said side walls and said reflective bottom surface of said receptacle, said shelf supporting the object to be illuminated in said receptacle, a reflective surface on the undersurface of said shelf, a light source mounted in said receptacle under said shelf in close proximity to an object to be indirectly illuminated thereby and in spaced relationship to said reflective bottom and said side walls whereby light from said source is reflected by the undersurface of said shelf and the bottom surface of said receptacle and directed upward surrounding said object thereby indirectly illuminating an object positioned on said shelf which totally obscures said source from a viewer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
180 words
An illuminating device for indirectly illuminating three-dimensional objects for substantially glar-free centripetally viewing comprising: an open receptacle for supporting an object which is to be illuminated and viewed therein, said receptacle having a reflective bottom surface and upwardly extending side walls substantially surrounding at least a lower portion of the object to be illuminated in said receptacle, a shielding means in the form of a shelf mounted in said receptacle and spaced from said side walls and said reflective bottom surface of said receptacle, said shelf supporting the object to be illuminated in said receptacle, a reflective surface on the undersurface of said shelf, a light source mounted in said receptacle under said shelf in close proximity to an object to be indirectly illuminated thereby and in spaced relationship to said reflective bottom and said side walls whereby light from said source is reflected by the undersurface of said shelf and the bottom surface of said receptacle and directed upward surrounding said object thereby indirectly illuminating an object positioned on said shelf which totally obscures said source from a viewer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The device of claim 1 for use in illuminating plants, in which said light source generates light waves on a plant growth promoting frequency.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
58 words
The device of claim 1 wherein the direction of the upwardly reflected light and the area of illumination are further controlled through the use of a deflector removably mounted on the upper rim of said structure, said deflector comprising an annular section of an inverted, truncated, dished bowl having a curved wall flaring inwardly towards its upper rim.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
58 words
The device of claim 3, wherein said deflector is further characterized by a plurality of inwardly flaring surface portions a. producing different angles of inward deflection of the upwardly reflected light, and/or b. having fully reflective and less-than-fully reflective surfaces, so as to direct predetermined amounts of light to different, predetermined surfaces of the object to be illuminated.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the object to be illuminated comprises a plant supported by a plant container.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The device of claim 5, wherein therim of said receptacle protrudes above said plant container.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the upper, inner wall surface portion and the rim of said receptacle are outwardly flared or set back from the lower, inner wall and bottom portions.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
77 words
An illuminating system for three-dimensional objects positioned outdoors near or below ground level intended to be centripetally viewed by observes positioned at ground level, comprising a. the device of claim 1, having a water-proof electric light source and connecting means, b. a concave structure disposed at least partially below ground level, adapted to have said receptacle disposed therein in at least partially recessed position, and c. means to drain water from said receptacle and said concave structure.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
The illuminating device as claimed in claim 1 having a plurality of light sources arranged under the shelf containing the object to be illuminated for essentially encirclling the object with indirect illumination.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
63 words
The illuminating devices as claimed in claim 1 wherein upwardly extending side walls converge toward the top of said receptacle such that light escaping from said receptacle forms an angle of not less than 10 to 30 degrees to a vertical plane passing through said receptacle, and said side walls terminate in a substantially vertical neck forming the top of said open receptacle.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The illuminating device as claimed in claim 1 positioned in a recessed cavity, said cavity having an opening through which said receptacle protrudes.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
52 words
The illuminating device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said receptacle comprises a reservoir for holding a volume of water below said source which is evaporated by said source, the resulting vapor being applied to and around said object which is a plant of the type which requires a humid ambient atmosphere.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
138 words
A method for indirect illumination of three-dimensional object for glare-free centripetal viewing thereof comprising the steps of: supporting the object to be indirectly illuminated on a shelf having a reflective undersurface, surrounding the shelf supporting the object with an open receptacle having reflective bottom and side walls with at least the lower portions of the side walls reflecting light, mounting a light source below said shelf and spacing said source from said bottom and said side walls and in close proximity and under said object, reflecting light from the undersurface of said shelf and from said bottom of said receptacle, directing said reflected light upwardly to envelop the object thereby illuminating the outer reaches of the object, reflecting light from the surface of the object thereby providing a centripetally visible object without glare to viewers surrounding the object.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
138 words
A method for indirect illumination of three-dimensional object for glare-free centripetal viewing thereof comprising the steps of: supporting the object to be indirectly illuminated on a shelf having a reflective undersurface, surrounding the shelf supporting the object with an open receptacle having reflective bottom and side walls with at least the lower portions of the side walls reflecting light, mounting a light source below said shelf and spacing said source from said bottom and said side walls and in close proximity and under said object, reflecting light from the undersurface of said shelf and from said bottom of said receptacle, directing said reflected light upwardly to envelop the object thereby illuminating the outer reaches of the object, reflecting light from the surface of the object thereby providing a centripetally visible object without glare to viewers surrounding the object.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method as claimed in claim 13 including the steps of filling the bottom of said receptacle with water, heating and evaporating said water into water vapor by said light source, and directing said water vapor to envelop said object which is in the form of a plant requiring a hot humid atmosphere.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-06-09 | 1989-12-09 | 1990-06-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-06-09 | 1993-12-09 | 1994-06-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-06-09 | 1997-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |