US4590087A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Fat having butter-like properties and a reduced tendency to develop graininess and process for producing such
Assignee: Lever Brothers Co
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Filing: 1984-01-27
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Granted: 1986-05-20
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Expires: 2004-01-27
Abstract
Abstract Development of excessive graininess in fats (i) which are prone to graininess can be reduced by incorporating therein a fat (ii) consisting of triglycerides from unsaturated fatty acids in the trans-configuration. Margarine fats with butter-like properties and displaying a reduced tendency to graininess are produced e.g. by interesterification of a fat rich in palmitic acid residues, particularly palm oil or fractions thereof, with triglycerides from C 18 -C 24 unsaturated fatty acids in the trans-configuration.
Inventors
- 👤 Jacobus N. Pronk
- 👤 Martin Soltau
- 👤 Theophil Wieske
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 07:28
CPC Classifications
A; A23; A23D; A23D7/00; A23D7/015; A23D7/001; C; C11; C11C; C11C3/00; C11C3/04; C11C3/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
217 words
A butter-like fat having a reduced tendency to develop graininess, which comprises: from 16 to 46 wt.% palmitic acid residues; from 4 to 12 wt.% stearic acid residues; from 5 to 35 wt.% unsaturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acid residues in the trans configuration; the remainder of the fatty acid residues being unsaturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acid residues, wherein said fat comprises: 5-15 mol.% of PUP; 5-15 mol.% of PPU; 5-20 mol.% of triglycerides from 1 saturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acid, 1 mono- or di-unsaturated C 18 trans-fatty acid and 1 oleic or linoleic acid; 1- 25mol.% of triglycerides from 1 saturated C 16 C 24 fatty acid and 2 identical or different fatty acids consisting essentially of linoleic acid or oleic acid; 2-10 mol.% of triglycerides from 2 C 16 -C 24 saturated fatty acids and 1 C 18 -trans fatty acid and triglycerides from 1 C 16 -C 24 saturated fatty acids and 2 C 18 -trans fatty acids; wherein PUP is a symmetric triglyceride from 2 palmit acid residues and 1 oleic acid or linoleic acid residue in cis-configuration, PPU is an asymmetric triglyceride from 2 palmitic acid residues and 1 oleic acid or linoleic acid residue in the cis-configuration, and the ratio PUP/PPU is from 0.2 to 1.6.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
217 words
A butter-like fat having a reduced tendency to develop graininess, which comprises: from 16 to 46 wt.% palmitic acid residues; from 4 to 12 wt.% stearic acid residues; from 5 to 35 wt.% unsaturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acid residues in the trans configuration; the remainder of the fatty acid residues being unsaturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acid residues, wherein said fat comprises: 5-15 mol.% of PUP; 5-15 mol.% of PPU; 5-20 mol.% of triglycerides from 1 saturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acid, 1 mono- or di-unsaturated C 18 trans-fatty acid and 1 oleic or linoleic acid; 1- 25mol.% of triglycerides from 1 saturated C 16 C 24 fatty acid and 2 identical or different fatty acids consisting essentially of linoleic acid or oleic acid; 2-10 mol.% of triglycerides from 2 C 16 -C 24 saturated fatty acids and 1 C 18 -trans fatty acid and triglycerides from 1 C 16 -C 24 saturated fatty acids and 2 C 18 -trans fatty acids; wherein PUP is a symmetric triglyceride from 2 palmit acid residues and 1 oleic acid or linoleic acid residue in cis-configuration, PPU is an asymmetric triglyceride from 2 palmitic acid residues and 1 oleic acid or linoleic acid residue in the cis-configuration, and the ratio PUP/PPU is from 0.2 to 1.6.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
177 words
A process for producing a butter like fat as defined in claim 1 having a reduced tendency to develop graininess, comprising: (i) forming a mixture of triglycerides which are prone to graininess wherein the triglycerides satisfy the requirements of: (a) 0.2≦PUP:PPU≦1.6, wherein PUP is the concentration in mol% of symmetric triglycerides from 2 palmitic acid residues and 1 oleic acid- or linoleic acid-residue in the cis-configuration, and (b) Sa 3 ≦(PUP+PPU)-7, wherein Sa is a saturated C 16-24 -fatty acid, U is an oleic acid- or linoleic acid-residue in the cis-configuration, and Sa 3 is the concentration in mol% of triglycerides from 3 saturated C 16-24 -fatty acid residues, and PUP and PPU have the same meaning as set forth in (a) above, and (ii) interesterifying said mixture of triglycerides with 1-19% of a graininess inhibiting hydrogenated fat having from 30 to 70% by weight unsaturated fatty acid residues in the trans configuration to form an interesterified mixture; wherein the ratio of said graininess inhibiting hydrogenated fat to said mixture of triglycerides is from 0.01 to 0.2.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 2, wherein said graininess inhibiting hydrogenated fat has from 45 to 67 wt.% unsaturated fatty acid residues in the trans configuration.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein said graininess inhibiting hydrogenated fat has a melting point of from 26-34 degrees centigrade.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
56 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein said butter-like fat comprises 70-99% by weight of said mixture of triglycerides prone to graininess, 1-19% by weight of said graininess inhibiting hydrogenated fat, the balance comprising an oil which is substantially free from fat solids at 10 degrees centigrade having at least 20 wt.% of linoleic acid residues.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein said mixture of triglycerides prone to graininess and said graininess inhibiting hydrogenated fat are randomly interesterified.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
56 words
A process according to claim 6 further comprising fractionating said interesterified mixture to remove a high melting fraction enriched in triglycerides from 3 saturated fatty acids with a chain length of 16 to 24 carbon atoms from the lower melting olein butter-like fat fraction containing less than 7% of said triglycerides from 3 saturated fatty acids.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 7, in which said fractionating step is carried out in the absence of solvent at a temperature from 28 to 38 degrees centigrade.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
45 words
A process for producing a butter-like water-in-oil emulsion spread with a reduced tendency to develop graininess, which comprises emulsifying a butter-like fat as defined in claim 1 in an aqueous phase and cooling and texturizing the resulting emulsion to obtain a plastic water-in-oil emulsion spread.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
A water-in-oil emulsion spread comprising a fat according to claim 1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
A water-in-oil emulsion spread comprising a fat prepared according to claim 2.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-05-19 | 1989-11-18 | 1990-05-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-05-19 | 1993-11-18 | 1994-05-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-05-19 | 1997-11-18 | 1998-05-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |