US4588417A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Fuel compositions
Assignee: Ethyl Corp
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Filing: 1985-09-20
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Granted: 1986-05-13
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Expires: 2005-09-20
Abstract
Abstract Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) diphenylamine or alkylated diphenylamine. Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.
Inventors
- 👤 Edward F. Zaweski
- 👤 Leonard M. Miebylski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 00:57
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L10/00; C10L10/04; C10L1/222; C10L1/223; C10L1/23; C10L1/231
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) diphenylamine or alkylated diphenylamine containing 1 or 2 alkyl groups, on one or both phenyl moieties, containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms per group, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
82 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) diphenylamine or alkylated diphenylamine containing 1 or 2 alkyl groups, on one or both phenyl moieties, containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms per group, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said alkylated diphenylamine is p,p'-dinonyldiphenylamine.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said alkylated diphenyl amine is P,P'-dioctyldiphenylamine.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said alkylated diphenylamine is p-nonyl,p'-ethyldiphenylamine.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of inhibiting coking, especially throttling nozzle coking, in the prechambers or swirl chambers of an indirect injection compression ignition engine, which method comprises supplying said engine with a distillate fuel containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) diphenylamine or alkylated diphenylamine containing 1 or 2 alkyl groups, on one or both phenyl moieties, containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms per group, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit such coking in an indirect injection compression ignition engine operated on such fuel.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of inhibiting coking, especially throttling nozzle coking, in the prechambers or swirl chambers of an indirect injection compression ignition engine, which method comprises supplying said engine with a distillate fuel containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) diphenylamine or alkylated diphenylamine containing 1 or 2 alkyl groups, on one or both phenyl moieties, containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms per group, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit such coking in an indirect injection compression ignition engine operated on such fuel.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said alkylated diphenylamine is p,p'-dinonyldiphenylamine.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said alkylated diphenylamine is p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said alkylated diphenylamine is p-nonyl,p'-ethyldiphenylamine.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
82 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) diphenylamine or alkylated diphenylamine containing 1 or 2 alkyl groups, on one or both phenyl moieties, containng 1 to 18 carbon atoms per group, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
82 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) diphenylamine or alkylated diphenylamine containing 1 or 2 alkyl groups, on one or both phenyl moieties, containng 1 to 18 carbon atoms per group, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize the coking characteristics of such fuel, especially throttling nozzle coking in the prechambers or swirl chambers of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A concentrate of claim 11 comprising about 5 to 95% by weight of said organic nitrate ignition accelerator and about 5 to 95% by weight of said diphenylamine or alkylated diphenylamine.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
A concentrate of claim 12 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
A concentrate of claim 12 wherein said alkylated diphenylamine is p,p'-dinonyldiphenylamine.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
11 words
A concentrate of claim 12 wherein said alkylated diphenylamine is p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
A concentrate of claim 12 wherein said alkylated diphenylamine is p-nonyl,p'-ethyldiphenylamine.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
An additive fluid concentrate comprising about 5 to 95% by weight of a mixture of octyl nitrates and from about 5 to 95% by weight of p,p'-dinonyldiphenylamine.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
27 words
An additive fluid concentrate comprising about 5 to 95% by weight of a mixture of octyl nitrates and from about 5 to 95% by weight of p,p'-dinonyldiphenylamine.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-05-12 | 1989-11-11 | 1990-05-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-05-12 | 1993-11-11 | 1994-05-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-05-12 | 1997-11-11 | 1998-05-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |