US4584126A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Translucent soaps and processes for manufacture thereof
Assignee: Colgate Palmolive Co
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Filing: 1984-11-13
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Granted: 1986-04-22
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Expires: 2004-11-13
Abstract
Abstract Translucent soap cakes, which preferably are transparent, are made from mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps (or equivalents), lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids and/or lanolin and/or other suitable derivative(s) thereof, and mixtures thereof, and water. Soap cakes or tablets of improved translucency (transparency) result when the lanolin soap, lanolin fatty acid, lanolin or suitable derivative thereof, or any mixture thereof is mixed at elevated temperature with substantially all of other soap cake components, except perfume (and possibly some other relatively minor constituents), and the resulting mixture is partially dried at elevated temperature, worked, extruded, cut into blanks and pressed to shape. The translucent soap cakes resulting, which may preferably be superfatted and contain a suitable antibacterial component, lather well, are of stable translucency on storage and are desirably mild to the skin. Translucency of the product may be further improved when there is also present in the soap cake formula a soap crystallization inhibiting polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, such as glycerol or sorbitol. Also described are translucent soap-synthetic detergent cakes, variegated and at least partially translucent soap cakes and soap-syndet tablets, and pearlescent and at least partially translucent such products. Improved manufacturing processes are disclosed and an improved method for measuring product translucency is described.
Inventors
- 👤 David P. Joshi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 15:18
CPC Classifications
C; C11; C11D; C11D3/00; C11D3/0005; C11D3/0089; C11D17/00; C11D17/0095
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 39
Claim 1
Independent Claim
132 words
A translucent soap cake which comprises about 45 to 90% of mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps which are soaps of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine and alkali metal hydroxide, and mixtures thereof, with from about 40 to 90% of the soap being a tallow soap and about 60 to 10% of the soap being a coconut oil soap, about 1 to 10% of a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof, or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids, about 2 to 12% of a polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups and about 5 to 25% of water.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
132 words
A translucent soap cake which comprises about 45 to 90% of mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps which are soaps of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine and alkali metal hydroxide, and mixtures thereof, with from about 40 to 90% of the soap being a tallow soap and about 60 to 10% of the soap being a coconut oil soap, about 1 to 10% of a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof, or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids, about 2 to 12% of a polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups and about 5 to 25% of water.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
111 words
A soap cake according to claim 1 which comprises about 60 to 84% of mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps of an alkali metal hydroxide, with from 50 to 85% of the soap being tallow soap and 50 to 15% of the soap being coconut oil soap, 2 to 8% of a lanolin soap selected from the group consisting of triethanolamine lanolin soap and isopropanolamine lanolin soap, and mixtures thereof, or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids, and 4 to 10% of a polyol selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, glycerol and maltitol, and mixtures thereof, and 9 to 20% of water.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
60 words
A soap cake according to claim 2 which comprises from 68 to 79% of mixed sodium tallow and coconut oil soaps, with the proportions of such soaps being 70 to 80% of tallow soap and 30 to 20% of coconut oil soap, 2 to 4% of isopropanolamine lanolin soap, 5 to 7% of sorbitol and 14 to 18% of water.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
60 words
A soap cake according to claim 2 which comprises from 68 to 79% of mixed sodium tallow and coconut oil soaps, with the proportions of such soaps being 70 to 80% of tallow soap and 30 to 20% of coconut oil soap, 2 to 4% of triethanolamine lanolin soap, 5 to 7% of sorbitol and 14 to 18% of water.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
52 words
A soap cake according to claim 3 which comprises about 76% of mixed sodium tallow and coconut oil soaps, with the proportion of such soaps being about 75% of tallow soap and 25% of coconut oil soap, about 3% of isopropanolamine lanolin soap, about 6% of sorbitol and about 15% of water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
A soap cake according to claim 1 which comprises about 0.5 to 4% of a lower alkanolamine isostearate soap in addition to any such soap present in the lanolin soap.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A soap cake according to claim 6 wherein the lower alkanolamine isostearate soap is isopropanolamine isostearate, triethanolamine isostearate or a mixture thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
A soap cake according to claim 4 which comprises from 0.5 to 4% of triethanolamine isostearate soap in addition to any such soap present in the lanolin soap.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
182 words
A process for manufacture of translucent soap cakes which comprises mixing together at a temperature in the range of 65° to 95° C. about 45 to 90 parts of mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps which are soaps of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine and alkali metal hydroxide, and mixtures thereof, with from about 40 to 90% of the soap being a tallow soap and about 60 to 10% of the soap being a coconut oil soap, about 1 to 10 parts of a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide and mixtures thereof, or lanolin, or lanolin fatty acids, or any mixture of such, about 2 to 12 parts of a polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxy groups, and 25 to 50 parts of water, drying said mixture to a moisture content in the range of 5 to 25%, plodding such dried mixture into bars, cutting such bars into blanks and pressing such blanks into finished translucent soap cakes.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
182 words
A process for manufacture of translucent soap cakes which comprises mixing together at a temperature in the range of 65° to 95° C. about 45 to 90 parts of mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps which are soaps of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine and alkali metal hydroxide, and mixtures thereof, with from about 40 to 90% of the soap being a tallow soap and about 60 to 10% of the soap being a coconut oil soap, about 1 to 10 parts of a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide and mixtures thereof, or lanolin, or lanolin fatty acids, or any mixture of such, about 2 to 12 parts of a polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxy groups, and 25 to 50 parts of water, drying said mixture to a moisture content in the range of 5 to 25%, plodding such dried mixture into bars, cutting such bars into blanks and pressing such blanks into finished translucent soap cakes.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
169 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the mixing is high shear mixing and is conducted at a temperature in the range of 70° to 90° C., about 60 to 84 parts of mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps are present in the mixer and such soaps are of an alkali metal, with from 50 to 85% thereof being tallow soap and 50 to 15% being coconut oil soap, the lanolin soap, when present, is selected from the group consisting of triethanolamine lanolin soap and isopropanolamine lanolin soap, and mixtures thereof, and 2 to 8 parts of lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids and/or lanolin are present, the polyol is selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, glycerol and maltitol, and mixtures thereof, and 4 to 10 parts are present, and 30 to 45 parts of water are present in the mixer, the drying is to a moisture content in the range of 10 to 20%, and the dried mixture is mixed with perfume and is milled before plodding.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
117 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps are sodium soaps, the proportions of such soaps are 70 to 80% of tallow soap and 30 to 20% of coconut oil soap, 68 to 79 parts of the total of such soaps are present, 2 to 4 parts of isopropanolamine lanolin soap or triethanolamine lanolin soap or a mixture thereof, 5 to 7 parts of sorbitol and 30 to 45 parts of water are present in the mixer, which is a crutcher, milling and plodding are at a temperature in the range of 35° to 52° C. and the final moisture content of the translucent soap cakes is from 14 to 18%.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
57 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein the alkanolamine lanolin soap is made in situ in the crutcher by reacting lanolin fatty acids and lower alkanolamine in the crutcher in the presence of a kettle soap of the recited proportions of tallow and coconut oil soaps at a temperature in the range of 70° to 90° C.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
46 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the lanolin soap is made in situ in the mixer in the presence of the mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps by reacting lanolin fatty acids with alkali at a temperature in the range of 70° to 90° C.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process according to claim 13 wherein from 0.5 to 4 parts of lower alkanolamine isostearate soap are made in situ in the mixer simultaneously with the manufacture of the lanolin soap, by reacting isostearic acid with lower alkanolamine at a temperature in the range of 70° to 90° C.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein the drying of the crutcher mix is effected at a temperature in the range of 40° to 160° C. and milling and plodding are effected at a temperature in the range of 35° to 45° C.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process according to claim 13 wherein the drying of the mixer mixture is effected at a temperature in the range of 40° to 160° C. and milling and plodding are effected at a temperature in the range of 35° to 45° C.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process according to claim 14 wherein the drying of the mixer mixture is effected at a temperature in the range of 40° to 160° C. and milling and plodding are effected at a temperature in the range of 35° to 45° C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
102 words
A process for manufacture of translucent soap cakes which comprises mixing together at an elevated temperature components of a translucent soap, except for lanolin soap, lanolin fatty acids, lanolin or other derivative thereof, and mixtures thereof, and such lanolin soap, lanolin fatty acids, lanolin or lanolin derivative or mixture thereof, drying said mixture to a moisture content in the range of 5 to 25%, at which moisture content a worked, extruded and pressed cake of such composition will be translucent, working and extruding such dried mixture into bars, cutting such bars into blanks and pressing such blanks into finished translucent soap cakes.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
102 words
A process for manufacture of translucent soap cakes which comprises mixing together at an elevated temperature components of a translucent soap, except for lanolin soap, lanolin fatty acids, lanolin or other derivative thereof, and mixtures thereof, and such lanolin soap, lanolin fatty acids, lanolin or lanolin derivative or mixture thereof, drying said mixture to a moisture content in the range of 5 to 25%, at which moisture content a worked, extruded and pressed cake of such composition will be translucent, working and extruding such dried mixture into bars, cutting such bars into blanks and pressing such blanks into finished translucent soap cakes.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
8 words
A product of the process of claim 18.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
115 words
A translucent soap cake which comprises 45 to 95% of soap of mixed animal fat and vegetable oil or corresponding fatty acids, which is a soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide and lower alkylamine, and mixtures thereof, 1 to 15% of a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids and about 5 to 25% of water, in which the lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids is present in such proportion to promote translucency of the soap cake.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
115 words
A translucent soap cake which comprises 45 to 95% of soap of mixed animal fat and vegetable oil or corresponding fatty acids, which is a soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide and lower alkylamine, and mixtures thereof, 1 to 15% of a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids and about 5 to 25% of water, in which the lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids is present in such proportion to promote translucency of the soap cake.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
68 words
A translucent soap cake according to claim 20 which contains from 2 to 12% of a polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups to promote translucency of the soap cake and in which the proportion of soap of mixed animal fat and vegetable oil is 45 to 90% and the proportion of lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids is 1 to 10%.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
150 words
A translucent soap-synthetic organic detergent cake which comprises 40 to 90% of soap of mixed animal fat and vegetable oil or corresponding fatty acids, which is a soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide and lower alkylamine, and mixtures thereof, and 5 to 55% of a normally solid synthetic organic detergent which is an anionic detergent, a nonionic detergent or an amphoteric detergent or a mixture of two or more thereof, 1 to 15% of a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids, and about 5 to 25% of water, in which the lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids is present in such proportion to promote translucency of the soap-synthetic organic detergent cake.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
150 words
A translucent soap-synthetic organic detergent cake which comprises 40 to 90% of soap of mixed animal fat and vegetable oil or corresponding fatty acids, which is a soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide and lower alkylamine, and mixtures thereof, and 5 to 55% of a normally solid synthetic organic detergent which is an anionic detergent, a nonionic detergent or an amphoteric detergent or a mixture of two or more thereof, 1 to 15% of a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids, and about 5 to 25% of water, in which the lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids is present in such proportion to promote translucency of the soap-synthetic organic detergent cake.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
30 words
A translucent-pearlescent soap cake according to claim 20 which comprises from 0.1 to 5% of finely divided pearlescent material in such proportion as to make the soap cake appear pearlescent.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
31 words
A soap cake according to claim 23 wherein the pearlescent material is mica of a particle size below No. 325, U.S. Sieve Series, and from 0.3 to 0.8% thereof is present.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
32 words
A translucent-pearlescent soap-synthetic organic detergent cake according to claim 22 which comprises from 0.1 to 5% of finely divided pearlescent material in such proportion as to make the soap cake appear pearlescent.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the mixture is dried to a moisture content below that desired in the final translucent soap cakes, additional moisture and perfume an added to the dried mixture in an amalgamator, with such proportion being such as to increase the moisture content of the mixture to such an extent, allowing for any losses of moisture in milling and plodding, so that the final cake moisture will be in the range of 10 to 20%, said moistened mixture is milled, and the milled chips resulting are plodded into bars, which are cut into blanks, which are pressed into finished translucent soap cakes.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
49 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein the final desired bar moisture is in the range of 14 to 18%, the mixture is dried to a moisture content in the range of 11 to 15%, and 1 to 5% of moisture is added to the mixture in the amalgamator.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
123 words
A process for the manufacture of translucent soap cakes which comprises saponifying a mixture of tallow, coconut oil and lanolin or lanolin fatty acids with aqueous sodium hydroxide at an elevated temperature, with the proportion of lanolin being such as to promote translucency of a soap cake made from such soap tallow and coconut oil mixture, drying said mixture, with or without other anti-crystallization materials than the lanolin soap being present in the mixture, to a moisture content in the range of 5 to 25%, at which moisture content a worked, extruded and pressed cake of such composition will be translucent, working and extruding such dried mixture into bars, cutting such bars into blanks and pressing such blanks into finished translucent soap cakes.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
123 words
A process for the manufacture of translucent soap cakes which comprises saponifying a mixture of tallow, coconut oil and lanolin or lanolin fatty acids with aqueous sodium hydroxide at an elevated temperature, with the proportion of lanolin being such as to promote translucency of a soap cake made from such soap tallow and coconut oil mixture, drying said mixture, with or without other anti-crystallization materials than the lanolin soap being present in the mixture, to a moisture content in the range of 5 to 25%, at which moisture content a worked, extruded and pressed cake of such composition will be translucent, working and extruding such dried mixture into bars, cutting such bars into blanks and pressing such blanks into finished translucent soap cakes.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
116 words
A process according to claim 28 wherein the soaps are sodium soaps, the final cake moisture is in the range of 14 to 18%, the proportions of soaps resulting from saponification and present in the final cake are about 45 to 90 parts of sodium mixed tallow and coconut oil soaps, with from about 40 to 90% of such soaps being a tallow soap and about 60 to 10% of such soaps being a coconut oil soap, and about 1 to 10 parts of the lanolin soap, and 2 to 12 parts of a polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxy groups are present in the final cake to promote translucence.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
98 words
A translucent soap cake which comprises a soap of mixed animal fat and vegetable oil of corresponding fatty acids, a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, lower alkylamine alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof, or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids, a polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 and 6 hydroxyl groups and water, in which the lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids is/are present in such proportion, with the polyol, to promote translucency of the soap cake.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
98 words
A translucent soap cake which comprises a soap of mixed animal fat and vegetable oil of corresponding fatty acids, a lanolin soap of a base selected from the group consisting of lower alkanolamine, lower alkylamine alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof, or lanolin fatty acids or a mixture of such lanolin soap(s) and lanolin fatty acids, a polyol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 and 6 hydroxyl groups and water, in which the lanolin soap and/or lanolin fatty acids is/are present in such proportion, with the polyol, to promote translucency of the soap cake.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
A translucent soap-synthetic organic detergent cake according to claim 30 wherein the synthetic organic detergent is a monoglyceride sulfate.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
38 words
A soap-synthetic organic detergent cake according to claim 31 which comprises about 58% of sodium coco-tallow soap, about 15% of sodium monoglyceride sulfate, about 3% of lanolin fatty acids, about 6% of sorbitol, and about 16% of moisture.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-04-21 | 1989-10-21 | 1990-04-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-04-21 | 1993-10-21 | 1994-04-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-04-21 | 1997-10-21 | 1998-04-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |