US4572869A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Microcapsular opacifiers and method for their production
Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio Inc
•
Filing: 1974-07-12
•
Granted: 1986-02-25
•
Expires: 1994-07-12
Abstract
Abstract Air-containing microcapsular opacifiers, optionally containing pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure, have substantially continuous, organic polymeric solid walls and a particle diameter of about 0.5 micron to about 10 microns, e.g., less than 1 or 2 microns. The opacifiers are produced by heating precursor microcapsules containing a liquid core material to a temperature sufficient to substantially drive off the core material from the precursor microcapsules and replace it with air.
Inventors
- 👤 Marco Wismer
- 👤 Jerome A. Seiner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 22:29
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08L; C08L101/00; B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/025; C09; C09D; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/42; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S521/00; Y10S521/92; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2989
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 51
Claim 1
Independent Claim
69 words
A method for the production of air-containing microcapsular opacifiers, which method comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of below about one micron and containing a liquid core material, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said core material with air.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
69 words
A method for the production of air-containing microcapsular opacifiers, which method comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of below about one micron and containing a liquid core material, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said core material with air.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 1 characterized in that said liquid core material is a water-immiscible material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method according to claim 2 characterized in that the water-immiscible oily material is toluene.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 1 characterized in that the microcapsules have an average particle diameter of between about 0.10 and about 1.0 micron.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 1 characterized in that the microcapsules have an average particle diameter of between about 0.25 and about 0.8 micron.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
67 words
A method for the production of air-containing microcapsular opacifiers, which method comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of 0.5 micron, and containing a liquid core material, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said core material with air.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
67 words
A method for the production of air-containing microcapsular opacifiers, which method comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of 0.5 micron, and containing a liquid core material, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said core material with air.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
65 words
A method for the production of air-containing microcapsular opacifiers which comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an outside diameter of 0.5 micron, and containing a liquid core material, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said core material with air.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
65 words
A method for the production of air-containing microcapsular opacifiers which comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an outside diameter of 0.5 micron, and containing a liquid core material, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said core material with air.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
Microcapsular opacifiers comprising discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of below about 1 micron.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
Microcapsular opacifiers comprising discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of below about 1 micron.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
Microcapsular opacifiers according to claim 8 characterized in that said opacifiers have an average particle diameter of between about 0.10 and 1.0 micron.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
Micrcapsular opacifiers according to claim 8 characterized as having an average particle diameter of between about 0.25 and about 0.8 micron.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
Microcapsular opacifiers comprising discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of 0.5 micron.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
Microcapsular opacifiers comprising discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of 0.5 micron.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
Microcapsular opacifiers comprising discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an outside diameter of 0.5 micron.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
Microcapsular opacifiers comprising discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an outside diameter of 0.5 micron.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for the production of microcapsular opacifiers which comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of below about 2 microns and containing a liquid core material, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said liquid core material with air.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for the production of microcapsular opacifiers which comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of below about 2 microns and containing a liquid core material, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said liquid core material with air.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said microcapsules have an average particle diameter of between about 0.10 and about 1.0 micron.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said microcapsules have an average particle diameter of between about 0.25 and about 0.8 micron.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said pigment is TiO 2 .
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said liquid core material is a water-immiscible material.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
77 words
A method for the production of microcapsular opacifiers which comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of 0.5 micron, and containing a liquid core material, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said liquid core material with air.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
77 words
A method for the production of microcapsular opacifiers which comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an average particle diameter of 0.5 micron, and containing a liquid core material, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said liquid core material with air.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
73 words
A method for the production of microcapsular opacifiers which comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an outside diameter of 0.5 micron and containing a liquid core material, said microcapsules additionally having pigment in said walls, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said liquid core material with air.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
73 words
A method for the production of microcapsular opacifiers which comprises providing discrete, essentially spherical precursor microcapsules having substantially continuous organic, polymeric, solid walls, said microcapsules having an outside diameter of 0.5 micron and containing a liquid core material, said microcapsules additionally having pigment in said walls, and heating said microcapsules to a temperature sufficient to substantially completely drive off said core material from said microcapsules and replace said liquid core material with air.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
38 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solid walls and an average particle diameter of below about 2 microns, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
38 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solid walls and an average particle diameter of below about 2 microns, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
19 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 20 having an average particle diameter of between about 0.10 and 1.0 micron.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 21 having an average particle diameter of between about 0.25 and about 0.8 micron.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 20 wherein said pigment is an inorganic opacifying pigment.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
14 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 20 wherein said pigment is TiO 2 .
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
15 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 20 wherein said walls comprise a formaldehyde condensation product.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
14 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 20 wherein said pigment is BaSO 4 .
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
41 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solid walls and an average particle diameter of below about 2 microns, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles completely encapsulated within the walls of the microcapsules.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
41 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solid walls and an average particle diameter of below about 2 microns, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles completely encapsulated within the walls of the microcapsules.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
19 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 27 having an average particle diameter of between about 0.10 and 1.0 micron.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
20 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 28 having an average particle diameter of between about 0.25 and about 0.8 micron.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
14 words
Microcapsular opacifiers as defined in claim 28 wherein said pigment is TiO 2 .
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
37 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls and an average particle diameter of about 1 micron, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
37 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls and an average particle diameter of about 1 micron, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
41 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls and a particle diameter of from about 0.5 micron to about 10 microns, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
41 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls and a particle diameter of from about 0.5 micron to about 10 microns, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
40 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls and a particle diameter of from 0.5 micron to about 5.0 microns, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated into the microcapsular structure.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
40 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls and a particle diameter of from 0.5 micron to about 5.0 microns, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated into the microcapsular structure.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
36 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls, and an average particle diameter of 0.5 micron, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
36 words
Microcapsular opacifiers consisting essentially of discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric solid walls, and an average particle diameter of 0.5 micron, said microcapsules additionally having pigment particles incorporated in the microcapsular structure.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
31 words
Microcapsular opacifiers containing essentially discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solids walls and an outside diameter of 0.5 micron, said microcapsules additionally having pigment in said walls.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
31 words
Microcapsular opacifiers containing essentially discrete, substantially spherical, air-containing microcapsules having substantially continuous, organic, polymeric, solids walls and an outside diameter of 0.5 micron, said microcapsules additionally having pigment in said walls.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2885303A
Cited
US3516941A
Cited
US3615972A
Cited
US3585149A
Cited
US3669899A
Cited
US3516846A
Cited
US3839064A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-02-24 | 1989-08-26 | 1990-02-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-02-24 | 1993-08-26 | 1994-02-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-02-24 | 1997-08-26 | 1998-02-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |