US4569896A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Resistive single component developer composition
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1984-10-10
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Granted: 1986-02-11
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Expires: 2004-10-10
Abstract
Abstract An improved single component magnetic toner composition with a resistivity of from about 1013 to about 1016 ohm/cm, at 1,000 volts, and comprised of: (a) first resin particles of a styrene methacrylate copolymer grafted with or containing a low molecular weight wax composition; (b) second resin particles of a styrene, acrylate, acrylonitrile terpolymer; (c) a major amount of magnetite particles; and (d) islands or patches of carbon black particles in an amount of from about 0.1 percent to about 1 percent by weight, contained on the surface of the resin particles.
Inventors
- 👤 Steven R. Perez
- 👤 Jacques C. Bertrand
- 👤 Timothy W. Jacobs
- 👤 Raymond L. Sommers
- 👤 George W. Vianco, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 18:56
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08702; G03G9/08706; G03G9/08708; G03G9/08711; G03G9/08726; G03G9/08731; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08788; G03G9/08793; G03G9/09; G03G9/0902; G03G9/0904; H; H01; H01F; H01F1/00; H01F1/01; H01F1/03; H01F1/12; H01F1/34; H01F1/36
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
An improved single component magnetic toner composition with a resistivity of from about 10 13 to about 16 16 ohm/cm, at 1,000 volts, and consisting essentially of: (a) first resin particles of a styrene methacrylate copolymer grafted with or containing a low molecular weight wax composition; (b) second resin particles of a styrene, acrylate, acrylonitrile terpolymer; (c) a major amount of magnetite particles; and (d) islands or patches of carbon black particles in an amount of from about 0.1 percent to about 1 percent by weight, contained on the surface of the resin particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
An improved single component magnetic toner composition with a resistivity of from about 10 13 to about 16 16 ohm/cm, at 1,000 volts, and consisting essentially of: (a) first resin particles of a styrene methacrylate copolymer grafted with or containing a low molecular weight wax composition; (b) second resin particles of a styrene, acrylate, acrylonitrile terpolymer; (c) a major amount of magnetite particles; and (d) islands or patches of carbon black particles in an amount of from about 0.1 percent to about 1 percent by weight, contained on the surface of the resin particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the first resin particles are comprised of a styrene, n-butylmethacrylate copolymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
48 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 2, wherein the first resin particles are comprised of a styrene, n-butylmethacrylate resin containing 58 percent by weight of styrene and 42 percent by weight of n-butylmethacrylate, or 65 percent by weight of styrene and 35 percent by weight of n-butylmethacrylate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the second resin particles are comprised of a crosslinked terpolymer resin of styrene, butylacrylate, and acrylonitrile.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the magnetite particles are present in an amount of from about 40 percent by weight to about 70 percent by weight.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the carbon black particles are situated on the surface of the resin particles by blending and heat spheroidization processing.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein there is further included in the toner as external additive particles, colloidal silica compositions.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the first resin particles contain therein polypropylene wax or polyethylene wax of a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 5,000.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 8, wherein the polyethylene is of a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 1,500, while the polypropylene is of a molecular weight of about 4,000 to about 6,000.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the carbon black particles are present in an amount of from 0.75 percent by weight to 0.9 percent by weight.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
50 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the resin particles are present in an amount of 45 percent by weight, the magnetite particles are present in an amount of 55 percent by weight, and the carbon black particles are present in an amount of 0.8 percent by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
42 words
A method of imaging which comprises generating an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member, followed by developing this image with the toner composition of claim 1, subsequently transfering this image to a suitable substrate, and optionally, permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 12, wherein the process is accomplished in the absence of a silicone oil release fluid and there results no offsetting of the resulting images.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 12, wherein the magnetite particles are present in an amount of from about 40 percent by weight to about 70 percent by weight.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 12, wherein the low molecular wax is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 12 wherein the carbon black particles are situated on the surface of the resin particles by blending with heat.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 12 wherein the first resin particles contain therein polypropylene wax or polyethylene wax of the molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 5,000.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 12 wherein the carbon black particles are present on the surface of the resin particles in an amount of from about 0.75 percent by weight to about 0.9 percent by weight.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 12 wherein the average particle diameter of the toner particles is from about 5 to about 25 microns.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner particles are of an average particle diameter of from about 5 to about 25 microns.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
123 words
An improved single component magnetic toner composition with a resistivity of from about 10 13 to about 10 16 ohm/cm, at 1,000 volts, which toner can be selected for use in a xerographic imaging apparatus with no offsetting preventing fluid contained therein, and consisting essentially of: (a) first resin particles of a styrene methacrylate copolymer grafted with or containing a low molecular weight wax composition; (b) second terpolymer resin particles comprised of styrene, acrylate, and acrylonitrile; (c) from about 40 percent by weight to about 70 percent by weight of magnetite particles; and (d) islands of patches or carbon black particles in an amount of from about 0.1 percent to about 1 percent by weight present on the surface of the resin particles.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
123 words
An improved single component magnetic toner composition with a resistivity of from about 10 13 to about 10 16 ohm/cm, at 1,000 volts, which toner can be selected for use in a xerographic imaging apparatus with no offsetting preventing fluid contained therein, and consisting essentially of: (a) first resin particles of a styrene methacrylate copolymer grafted with or containing a low molecular weight wax composition; (b) second terpolymer resin particles comprised of styrene, acrylate, and acrylonitrile; (c) from about 40 percent by weight to about 70 percent by weight of magnetite particles; and (d) islands of patches or carbon black particles in an amount of from about 0.1 percent to about 1 percent by weight present on the surface of the resin particles.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
49 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 21, wherein the first resin particles are comprised of a styrene and n-butylmethacrylate copolymer with 58 percent by weight of styrene and 42 percent by weight of n-butylmethacrylate, or 65 percent by weight of styrene and 35 percent by weight of n-butylmethacrylate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
24 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 21, wherein the second resin particles are comprised of a crosslinked terpolymer of styrene, butylacrylate, and acrylonitrile.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
33 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 21, wherein the first resin particles contain therein a polypropylene wax or a polyethylene wax of a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 5,000.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
39 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 21, wherein there is further included in the toner composition as external additives compositions selected from the group consisting of colloidal silica, metal salts, and the metal salts of a fatty acid.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
19 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 25, wherein the metal salt of a fatty acid is zinc stearate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
29 words
An improved composition in accordance with claim 25, wherein the additives are present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 1 percent by weight.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-02-10 | 1989-08-12 | 1990-02-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-02-10 | 1993-08-12 | 1994-02-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-08-12 | 1998-02-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |